Dominique Trempont's presentation on the looming Water Crisis at IIT Kharagpur's e-summit.

1. Fresh Water On A Shrinking Planet

2. World Population Population doubles every 40 years Source: World Bank 2000

3. World Population Water Withdrawals Fresh water demand doubles every 20 years Source: World Bank 2000

4. World Population Water Withdrawals Demand > 150% of supply by 2,025 Source: World Bank 2000

5. “ Water promises to be to the 21 st century what oil was in the 20 th century: Fortune 2000

6. the precious commodity that determines the wealth [and health] of nations” Fortune 2000

7. FreshWater In India

8. Ground water

9. Ground water 70%

10. Ground water 80%

11. Ground water 80%

12. Depletes 14 times faster than replenishes Ground water

13. # children dying every day in India of water illnesses 1600

14. Gangotri melting Pollution Rain run-off Declining supply

15. Population growth Agriculture Economic development Sky Rocketing Demand

16. Demand for water > supply in India by 2020 Source: World Bank 2000

17. Where is water going?

18. Source: World Water Council 2003 10,000 liters of water

19. 140 liters of water Source: World Water Council 2003

20. Source: World Water Council 2003 11,000 liters of water

21. Source: World Water Council 2003 400,000 liters of water

22. Source: World Water Council 2003 Geopolitics Water rights Vulnerability Dependencies Conflicts

23. Potential Water Solutions In India

24. Pr otect existing fr esh water sources

25. Harvest existing fresh water sources

26. Maintain Water Infrastructure

27. Manage Water Footprint

28. New Technologies IIT Material Science Innovation Opportunities Large Indian then $BB Global Market

31. Sea Water Reverse Osmosis

32. Low-pressure seawater High pressure pump Membrane High pressure brine:25% Fresh water SWRO Exchanger Low pressure reject brine:2% Cost: Rs1 per liter of fresh water

33. Financing Public: Cost of water illnesses = 3% of India GDP Economic expansion

34. Financing Private: Venture capital: technology Entrepreneurship Regional rights auction