This document summarizes key topics in hematology, including cellular components of blood, components of blood such as red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, diseases that affect these components, blood typing, transfusion, and coagulation disorders. Some of the major areas covered are red blood cell production and diseases like sickle cell disease and polycythemia, white blood cell disorders including leukemia and lymphoma, platelet disorders, and bleeding disorders like hemophilia. Treatment approaches focus on following general guidelines, supportive care, and preventing further injury or infection.

1. Hematology www.freelivedoctor.com

3. Hematology www.freelivedoctor.com Spleen Kidneys Liver Bone Marrow Blood Hematopoietic System

4. Cellular Components WBC’s RBC’s Platelets www.freelivedoctor.com Pluripotent Stem Cell Myeloid Multipotent Stem Cells Common Lymphoid Stem Cells Unipotent Progenitors Basophils Eosinophils Neutrophils Monocytes Lymphocytes Erythrocytes Thrombocytes Erythropoietin

9. Hemorrhage www.freelivedoctor.com Class I Class II Class III Class IV Blood Loss (ml) Up to 750 750-1500 1500-2000 >2000 Blood Loss (% volume) Up to 15% 15%-30% 30%-40% >40% Pulse <100 >100 >120 >140 BP Normal Normal Decreased Decreased Pulse Pressure Normal or increased Decreased Decreased Decreased Resp. Rate 14-20 20-30 30-40 >35 Urine Output (ml/hr) >30 20-30 5-15 Negligible Mental Status Slightly anxious Mildly anxious Anxious, confused Confused, lethargic Fluid Replacement (3:1) rule Crystalloid Crystalloid Crystalloid and blood Crystalloid and blood

11. Blood Products and Blood Typing www.freelivedoctor.com Blood Typing - ABO Blood type Antigen present on erythrocyte Antibody present in serum O AB B A None A and B B A Anti-A, Anti-B None Anti-A Anti-B

13. Blood Products and Blood Typing Brady; Paramedic Care Principles and Practice www.freelivedoctor.com

15. Diseases of Erythrocytes Brady; Paramedic Care Principles and Practice www.freelivedoctor.com