Management involves planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling organizational resources and activities to achieve goals. There are three levels of management - senior, middle, and lower. Senior managers focus on strategic decisions and long-term planning. Middle managers carry out senior management decisions and ensure lower-level managers implement plans. Lower managers focus on short-term decisions to execute plans. Managers perform functions like planning work, problem-solving, guiding subordinates, and controlling deviations from plans to achieve objectives.

1. Management Principles Management overview 03-01-2012

2. Meaning of management Managers play an activating role in organizations. The success of organization depends on the successful functioning of management. The management is responsible for planning, organizing, integrating and interrelating organizational activities and resources for achieving common objectives.

3. Definition of management Harold Koontz : “Management is the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organized groups. It is the art of creating environment in which people can perform and individuals could co-operate towards attaining of group goals. It is the art of removing block to such performance, a way of optimizing efficiency.

4. Levels of Management The management of a large organization may have three levels Senior management (or "top management" or "upper management") Middle management Low-level management, such as supervisors or team-leaders

5. Top-level management Require an extensive knowledge of management roles and skills. They have to be very aware of external factors such as markets. Their decisions are generally of a long-term nature Their decisions are made using analytic, directive, conceptual and/or behavioral/participative processes They are responsible for strategic decisions. They have to chalk out the plan and see that plan may be effective in the future. They are executive in nature.

6. Middle management Mid-level managers have a specialized understanding of certain managerial tasks. They are responsible for carrying out the decisions made by top-level management.

7. Lower management This level of management ensures that the decisions and plans taken by the other two are carried out. Lower-level managers' decisions are generally short-term ones.

8. Manager - Meaning Definition: A Manager is the person responsible for planning and directing the work of a group of individuals, monitoring their work, and taking corrective action when necessary. For many people, this is their first step into a management career.

9. Functions of a manager Planning the work Decision maker Delegating authority Problem solver Coordinator Target setter Guiding the subordinates Arranging the facilities Control the deviations

10. Role of a Manager Director Motivator Guide Planner Supervisor Reporter

11. Managerial Skills Conceptual skill Technical Skill Human Relations Skill Skill-Mix at diff mgmt levels Top Mgmt Conceptual Skill Middle Mgmt HR Skill Supervisory Level Technical skill

12. Management functions Planning Organizing Staffing Directing Controlling

13. Functions of Management Planning is the ongoing process of developing the business' mission and objectives and determining how they will be accomplished. Planning includes both the broadest view of the organization, e.g., its mission, and the narrowest, e.g., a tactic for accomplishing a specific goal. Organizing is establishing the internal organizational structure of the organization. The focus is on division, coordination , and control of tasks and the flow of information within the organization. It is in this function that managers distribute authority to job holders.

14. Staffing is filling and keeping filled with qualified people all positions in the business. Recruiting , hiring, training , evaluating and compensating are the specific activities included in the function. In the family business, staffing includes all paid and unpaid positions held by family members including the owner/operators. Directing is influencing people's behavior through motivation , communication , group dynamics , leadership and discipline . The purpose of directing is to channel the behavior of all personnel to accomplish the organization's mission and objectives while simultaneously helping them accomplish their own career objectives.

15. Controlling is a four-step process of establishing performance standards based on the firm's objectives, Measuring and Reporting Actual performance , Comparing the two , and Taking Corrective or preventive action as necessary. Coordinating is the act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect Motivation is the internal condition that activates behavior and gives it direction; energizes and directs goal-oriented behavior