1. Immunology (PHRD-309)
First Lecture
Jan 18th, Wednesday
Overview
Insong James Lee, Ph.D.
Office: Bunting Hall, room 206
Office hours: Tuesdays and Wednesdays, 1-3:00 PM
, Fridays, 10:00 AM to 1:00 PM
Office tel: 410-532-5042
E-mail: ilee@ndm.edu
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
School of Pharmacy
Notre Dame of Maryland University
Baltimore, MD
2. Have you previously taken a college or
higher level Immunology class?
50% 50%
1. Yes
2. No
s
No
Ye
3. Was immunology a significant
component (>10%) of your
microbiology class?
50% 50%
1. Yes
2. No
s
No
Ye
4. How many of you have read chapt 1 of
The immune system by Peter Parham?
50% 50%
1. Yes
2. No
s
No
Ye
5. What is Immunology?
Websters New Collegiate Dictionary:
A science that deals with the phenomena and causes of
immunity. Immunity: the quality or state of being immune.
Immune: having a high degree of resistance (Latin;
Immunitas; freedom from).
Peter Parham, Ph.D.:
Is the study of the physiological mechanisms that humans
and animals use to defend their bodies from invasion by
other organisms.
6. You need to know Immunology in order to:
understand:
• How our bodies protect against infectious agents.
• Pathophysiological processes of immunological
related diseases.
• Drug targets.
• Mechanism of drug action.
• To better assess the efficacy of new therapies and
products.
• To find ways to improve the function of your and
your patients’ immune system for healthier lives.
7. Course Description:
This course is an introduction to the organization, function and
regulation of the immune system including the basic properties
of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, antigen and
antibody structure and function, effector
mechanisms, complement, major histocompatibility
complexes, and cytotoxic responses. The role of these basic
immunology principles in immuno-deficiencies, auto-immune
disorders, hypersensitivity reactions, immunity issues
associated with transplantation, cancer and antibody based
drug therapy will also be covered. Three hours of lecture per
week.
Required Textbook: The immune
system, Peter Parham. Third edition,
Garland Sciences
8. Learning Outcomes:
Apply knowledge of biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences
and evolving scientific technologies to make medication
therapy decisions and improve patient outcomes.
1.1 Integrate and apply knowledge of the biomedical sciences
(anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, immunology, pharmacolog
y) to make medication therapy decisions and improve patient
outcomes.
1.3 Use knowledge of evolving scientific technologies to make
medication therapy decisions and improve patient outcomes.
1.4 Communicate with patients, caregivers, health care
professionals, and the lay public about biomedical and
pharmaceutical concepts using appropriate scientific terms.
9. Learning Strategies/methodologies:
This class will involve self-directed learning and peer to
peer learning as well as guided learning (from
professor).
• Students are expected to “preview” and/or read all
reading assignments prior to class. Must learn to read
scientific literature!
• The reading material and directed reading questions will be
discussed in class with participation expected of every
student.
• Active learning exercises will be provided at the end of
certain lectures in the form of problem to reinforce the
learning of information and concepts discussed in class.
Students are encouraged to work on the problems and see
Dr Lee during office hrs if they have problems with the
learning exercises.
10. Reading science literature, including textbooks:
Before you start reading, “preview” first!!!
What is preview?
It is the act of finding the FRAMEWORK of a given learning
event (lecture notes or a textbook reading assignment)
before engaging in that learning event (attending lecture
or reading textbook).
This should not be achieved linearly (reading from
beginning to end in one pass) and it should be time
sensitive (about 15 minutes long).
11. This is constructivist learning: by building the framework
first, you will augment attention, retention, connectivity
and engagement.
For significant learning, we need to revisit ideas, ponder
them, try them out, play with them and use them. This
cannot happen just by reading or memorizing.
If you reflect on anything you have learned, you soon
realize that it is the product of repeated exposure
and thought. Moments of insight can be traced back to
longer periods of preparation.
12. Preview is not about the details.
Therefore, for this course, the quizzes
will only cover material already
discussed in class.
However, everyone will be required to
hand in previews for the next three
lectures
13. Biochemistry and Immunology are subjects that constantly
builds upon prior knowledge. Without an understanding of
previous ideas, new material are harder to understand and
making connections become more difficult.
The more connections you make to prior knowledge, the more
connections you make to your own life, and the more
connections you make to things you have learned in other
classes, the better you will learn, enjoy, and remember the
material.
This is the key not only to getting a higher grade, but to
becoming a better pharmacist and more well rounded human
being.
14. Effective Study Habits
• Professional school! Need to spend significant
time on class preparation and studying
(approximately 10 hrs/week). Quiet space, (50-
10 rule for 3 hrs).
• Maturity and discipline (limit distractions
including: cell
phone, facebook, texting, tweeting, etc)
• Employment: (<15 hrs per week).
• Delayed gratification!
15. Student Assessment Techniques:
4 midterm exams (17% each) and 1 comprehensive final (22%):
total of 90% of grade.
Quizzes and preview hand-ins: 10% of grade.
Students are expected to self-assess using the problem sets
handed out at the end of classes.
Final Course Grade Scale
93 - 100 = A
87 - 92 = B+
80 - 86 = B
75 - 79 = C+
70 - 74 = C
60 - 69 = D
< 59 =F
16. Classroom etiquette:
Students will be expected to use:
• A respectful tone of voice and appropriate
content during verbal communication.
•Appropriate behavior in the class. Everyone has a
right to be heard and should be able to
express constructive comments without
ridicule.
• No eating in the classroom.
17. Notre Dame of Maryland University
distinctives:
Challenge women and men:
• To strive for intellectual and professional
excellence.
• To build inclusive communities.
• To engage in service to others.
• To promote social responsibility.
“The capacity to care is the thing that gives life its deepest
meaning and significance”
Pablo Casals
20. Innate immunity (not intrinsically affected by prior
contact with the infectious agent)
• Anatomy & antimicrobial peptides
• Complement
• Cells of the immune system
• TLR receptors & NFkB
• Cytokines
• Inflammation
Adaptive immunity (modified by previous exposure to
Infectious agent)
• Antibodies and Immunoglobulin Genes
• Generation of B cell diversity
• Antigen recognition by T lymphocytes
• MHC-I&II
• Development of B and T lymphocytes
• T cell mediated immunity
• Immunity mediated by B cells and antibodies
21. Clinical immunology
• The body’s defenses against infection
• Failures of the body’s defenses
• HIV and AIDS
• Hypersensitivity
• Disruption of healthy tissue by the immune response
• Cancer-immunological component
• Immunological techniques
• Vaccines/vaccine development
• Transplantation of tissues/organs
• Gut flora/mind-immune function
22. Immunology (PHRD-309)
First lecture: Innate immunity
-anatomy and antimicrobial peptides
Insong James Lee, Ph.D.
Office: Doyle Building, room 148
Office hours: Tuesdays and Thursdays, 3:00 PM
to 4:00 PM, Fridays, 12:00 to 2:00 PM
Office tel: 410-532-5042
E-mail: ilee@ndm.edu
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
School of Pharmacy
College of Notre Dame of Maryland
Baltimore, MD
23. First lecture: Innate immunity
-anatomy and antimicrobial peptides
Learning objectives:
• Differentiate between innate and acquired
immunity.
• Be able to describe the four major class of
infectious agents.
• Demonstrate the anatomical and biochemical
(antimicrobial peptides) aspects of innate
immunity.
Corresponding pgs of Peter Parham’s, The immune
system, Chapt 1, Pgs 1-26 and Chapt 2 43-44.
24. The importance of our immune system
David Vetter
SCIDs:
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency.
Characterized by a severe defect in
both the T- & B-lymphocyte systems.
25. World wide deaths from infectious disease
in the year 2000
Estimate by the World Health Organization
http://www.who.int/topics/infectious_diseases/en/
26. Human Immunodeficiency Staphylococcus aureus
Virus (HIV) Influenza virus (colonizes skin-causes acne)
Streptococcus pyogenes Salmonella enteritidis Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(tonsillitis and scarlet fever) (food poisoning) (tuberculosis)
33. The immune system can be thought of
as being comprised of two parts:
Innate immunity: the body’s immediate immune
response to foreign invaders that is not dependent on
prior exposure to the same invader.
Adaptive immunity: the response of antigen-
specific B and T lymphocytes to antigen, including the
development of immunological memory (which takes
time to build).
42. Mucus
The viscoelastic, polymer-like properties of mucus are
derived from the major gel-forming glycoprotein components
called mucins.
Mucins consist of a peptide backbone containing alternating
glycosylated and nonglycosylated domains, with O-linked
glycosylated regions comprising 70–80% of the polymer.
N-Acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose, and
galactose are the 4 primary mucin oligosaccharides
44. Guaifenesin: (3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol)
Similar medicines derived from the guaiac tree were in use as
a generic remedy by Native Americans when explorers reached
North America in the 1500s.
Guaifenesin may act as an irritant to gastric vagal
receptors, and recruit efferent parasympathetic reflexes that
cause glandular exocytosis of a less viscous mucus mixture.
Cough may be provoked. This combination may flush
tenacious, congealed mucopurulent material from obstructed
small airways and lead to a temporary improvement in
dyspnea or the work of breathing.
C10H14O4
45. Lysozyme:
Known to facilitate the hydrolysis of a
β-1-4-glycosidic bond between N-
acetylglucosamine and N-
acetylmuramic acid in bacterial cell
walls
50. First lecture: Innate immunity
-anatomy and antimicrobial peptides
Summary:
•There is a myriad of infectious agents that can
harm human beings (pathogens).
•The innate immune response provides the first
line of defense but does not improve with
repeated exposure to infection.
• The innate immune system is partly comprised
of the secretion of mucus, antimicrobial
peptides and others.
Editor's Notes
Students have developed science reading skills to some level as undergraduates so want to refresh them and also develop their skills further.
Students have developed science reading skills to some level as undergraduates so want to refresh them and also develop their skills further.
