This document describes an electronic walking stick designed for blind people. It uses five sensors - light, infrared, temperature, water, and remote - interfaced with an 89s51 microcontroller to provide additional information to blind users as they walk. The stick detects obstacles, temperature changes, water, and can be operated remotely to help blind people navigate more safely and efficiently than a traditional white cane.

1. Microcontroller based
Electronic Walking Stick
for Blind
By-
Manav Mittal (07211503009)
Gunjan Saluja (07311503009)
Surabhi Garhwal (09311503009)

2. Introduction
Presently, blind people use a
white stick as a tool for directing
them when they move or walk.
Here, we develop a tool which
can serve as a blind stick being
more efficient and helpful than
the conventional one.

3. BASIC LOGIC
• Five different sensors
with microcontroller interface are used.
• IC 89s51 as the main microcontroller is
used.

4. Components
• Microcontroller 8951
• Sensors
• Remote
• Buzzer

5. LDR
CONTROLUNIT
BLOCK DIAGRAM

6. LDR INPUT
INFRARED SENSOR INPUT
REMOTE SENSOR
THERMISTOR
WATER SENSOR
BLIND
STICK
WITH
SENSOR
S

7. 8951 Microcontroller
• Advance version of 8051
• Two types of 8951 are available-
1. 89s51
2. 89c51

8. Sensors used-
• Temperature Sensor
• Light Sensor
• Infrared Sensor
• Water Sensor

9. Light Sensor

10. Infrared Transmitter and
Receiver
In the interruption
mode we use one infra
red led and photodiode
in pair.

11. Temperature Sensor
• Thermistor is used
• In case of high
temperature, the circuit is
activated and the buzzer
rings.

12. Water Sensor
•Impedance Moisture
sensors are used.
•For the water sensor we
use two metallic plate
under the stick ,when
water touches on this
stick then buzzer is on.

13. Remote Sensor
•TSOP 1738 sensor is
used.
• Photo Detector and
preamplifier in one
package.
• Improved shielding
against electric field
disturbance.

15. Thank You !!