this is a prototype for Solar smart street lightning systems used for energy conservation

3. GROUP MEMEBERS
HUMAIRA ANWAR
2013-AG-4646
M. IMRAN RAMEEL
2013-AG-4658
DANISH UMAIR
2013-AG-4658
AHAD HUSSAIN JAVED
2013-AG-4671
M. BILAL SARWAR
2013-AG-4645

4. CONTENTS
Present scenario
Introduction to project
 Objective
Design and implementation constraints
Methodology
LDR and its component cont…

5. Microcontroller Arduino UNO
Infrared Sensors
Working Procedure
Calculations
Conclusions
Bibliography
CONTENTS

6. Present Scenario of Street
Lightning
Simple timer control are installed for almost all circuits but
there is no regular check up to regulate the time setting

7. Street Light Energy Saving Strategy
• We can Conserve Energy by
by intelligently controlling our
street Lightning System, Our
precious Energy Saved without
any need of Man-Power all
system
is well programmed and fully
automatic.
• Lights will turn ON only when it
needs

8. PROJECT OBJECTIVE
The objective for this project is to design a smart street light
system which targets the energy saving and autonomous
operation
Build energy saving smart street light system with integrated
sensors and controllers
Design smart street light system with compatibility and
automation system

9. METHDOLOGY
LDR sense the night (less then 250 lux. )
After that when car will pass through an IR sensor
detects the motion
Transmit the signal to the control unit
(Microcontroller AURDINO UNO)
Similarly the set of consecutive street lights will
glow.

10. BLOCK DIAGRAM

11. LDR CIRCUIT
LDR circuit is the basic circuit which differentiate between
day and night and at night send the signal to the controller
unit to turn on the first light on the road

12. LM358 ASSEMBLY
LM358 is low power operational amplifier
integrated circuit. It having total 8 pins.

13. Specifications of LM358
Parameters Specifications
No. of channels 2
Total supply voltage min and max 3-32V
Operating temperature 0-70℃
Iq per channel (Typ) (mA) 0.35
Vn at 1kHz (Typ) (nV/rtHz) 40
Input Bias Current (Max) (pA) 150000
Output Current (Typ) (mA) 30

14. LDR
• LDR is light dependent resistance its resistance varies
with the light intensity used to differentiate between day
and night. As the light intensity increases the resistance
of LDR decreases and vice versa.

15. NPNTransistor (BC547)
 Named as bipolar because
they conduct both minority
and majority carriers.
 This type of transistor is the
junction of two diodes.
 This type of transistor
having three terminals
named as (emitter, base
and collector)

16. IR sensor
Infrared sensor is an electronic device having two LEDs
one is known as EMITTER and other is known as
RECEIVER.
Emitter emits the infrared radiations when an obstacle is
present these some radiations reflected back after
striking with object.
Receiver receives the reflected infrared radiations then
current passes in the form of output signal which is sent
to control unit for further process

17. IR sensor Circuit

18. LM393 Assembly
• The LM393 is a dual differential comparator; this means
that it accepts 2 inputs for comparison.
• It compares these voltage inputs and determines which is
the larger value to execute the operation.

19. Resistance andVariable Resistor
• Resistance is a measure to oppose the current or we can
say it is the difficulty in the passage of current.The main
objective of resistance is to allow the current to pass up to
a certain limit and save our components from burning.
Variable resistor is the resistance which can be change
according to our requirement. In this circuit the variable
resistor is used to change the sensor range.

20. IR TRANSMITTE-RECEIVER
PAIR
IR used as a obstacle detector
it transmit an infrared signal
this IR signal bounces from
the surface of an object and it
receives at IR receiver

21. MICROCONTROLER
This is the mind or the
control unit of the whole
circuit. Arduino is an open
source microcontroller with
input voltage 7-12V

22. MICROCONTROLER
 Arduino having 14 digital I/O pins 6
analog pins with DC current of 40 mA.
 Having 32 KB flash memory including 0.5
KB used by boot loader.

23. MICROCONTROLER
 Also having 1KB of EEPROM (Electrically
Erasable Programmable Read Only
Memory)

24. Microcontroller Coding

25. Continue…….

26. ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT’s ASSEMBLY

27. CALCULATIONS
We calculated different parameters from our prototype and calculated
the saved energy.
Current used by one light= 82mA=.082A
Voltage required for our circuit = 4.95V
One LED Power=P=VI=4.95*.082=.4059W
If the lights glow for 8 Hrs. then energy used then
TheTotal energy used for one LED for 8 hrs.
E=.4059*8= 3.247Wh
TheTotal Energy for 11 LEDs
Total Energy= 3.24*11=
35.71Wh

28. CALCULATIONS
When we use sensor system each sensor will turned on the A pair
of LEDs
• So energy used by LEDs if a single vehicle started to move
throughout the whole night.
• Energy Used with sensor system= energy used by a single light
which glow throughout the night + energy used by remaining
lights with sensor system for 8 hrs.
E= 6.494+3.247=9.741Wh
• Energy Saved= energy used without sensors-energy used with
sensors
Energy Saved= Es =35.71-9.741=25.969
• Energy Saved in Percentage= (Energy Saved/Total Energy)*100
Saved Energy= (25.969/35.71)*100=72.72%

29. ADVANTAGES
ENERGY CAN BE SAVED BY REDUCINGTHE LOSSES
REDUCE MEN POWER AND LABOR COST
MORE EFFICIENT
PROVIDE SECURITY
FAULT CAN BE DETECTED EASILY

30. CONCLUSION
• Our main aim was to reduce the energy consumption and
find a way to reduce the losses and save the energy
• More then 70% of our precious light energy can
conserved
• LED’s have long life other then conventional lights
• Only glow lights when it needs

32. BIBLOGRAPHY
• D.K.Rath,College of Engineering andTechnology, Bhubaneswar, “Arduino Based:
Smart LightControl System”, International Journal of Engineering Research and
General ScienceVolume 4, Issue 2, March-April, 2016
• A.M.Sindhu, Dept. of Computer Science, Christ University, India, “Smart Streetlight
Using IR Sensors”, IOSR Journal of Mobile Computing & Application (IOSR-JMCA) e-
ISSN: 2394-0050, P-ISSN: 2394-0042.Volume 3, Issue 2. (Mar. - Apr. 2016), PP
39-44
• Mr. Nagnath, Karmayogi Engineering College Shelve, Pandharpur Karmayogi
Engineering College Shelve, Pandharpur, “Street Light Energy Conservation System
using PIR sensor”, GRD Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for
Engineering ,Volume 1 , Issue 5 , April 2016
• S. Suganya, Street light glow on detecting vehicle movement using sensor
• S.S.Durrani, CECOS University, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan, “ANALYSIS OFTREND OF
INSTALLING SOLAR STREET LIGHTS IN PESHAWAR CANTONMENTAREAS”, First
International Conference on EmergingTrends in Engineering, Management and
Sciences” December 28-30, 2014 (ICETEMS-2014) Peshawar, Pakistan
• https://www.arduino.cc/
• LDR sensor Datasheet
• https://circuits.io/
• M.Saad, Department of Control Engineering, College of ElectronicTechnology
Baniwalid-Libya, “Automatic street light control system using microcontroller”.