Introduction to Software

1. COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Instructor : Mrs Halimaton Sa’adiah Ariffin
E-mail : halimaton@usim.edu.my
Telephone : 06-7987039, Office : MPG, Level 2. No. 1

2. 1.System Software
•Operating System
•Utility Programs
2. Application Software
•Word Processor
•Spreadsheet
•Database Management System
•Presentation Graphics
•Integrated Packages
•Software Suites
•Web-based Application

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System software
Application software
1.You interact with a program through its user interface.
2.Nowadays, with a graphical user interface (GUI)
3.You can interact with the software using text, graphics, and visual images (icons).
4.An icon is a miniature image that represents a program.
Software also called a program, is a series of instruction that tells the computer what to do and how to do it which provide means for us to interact with and use the computer.

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Two types of system software :
1.Operating system (OS)
2.Utility programs
System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices. It serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer’s hardware.
User
System Software
Hardware
System Software
Application Software
Application Software

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Operating system (OS) is the main program that controls how your computer system functions. The OS manages the computer hardware, including the processor (CPU) , memory, and storage devices as well as peripheral devices such as the monitor and printer. In most cases, the operating system is installed and resides on the computer’s hard disk. On handheld computers and many mobile devices, the OS may reside on a ROM chip. Three popular personal computer operating systems are :
1.Windows 7
2.Linux
3.Mac OS X

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Operating systems (OS) is a set of programs designed to manage the resources of computer. Primary functions include :
1.Starting the computer , transferring files from storage devices to RAM memory.
2.Managing programs that are active and on the desktop and taskbar or running in the background.
3.Managing memory (RAM) to optimize its use.
4.Coordinate tasks between input output devices
5.Provide a user interfaces

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Utility program is a type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks, usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs. Utility programs included with most operating systems provide the following functions :
1.File manager
2.Image viewer
3.Personal firewall
4.Uninstaller
5.Disk Scanner
6.Disk defragmenter
7.Diagnostic Utility
8.Backup Utility
9.Screen saver

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Disk Cleanup is a Windows utility that cleans unnecessary files from your hard drive :
• files that accumulated in the Recycle Bin
• temporary files
 files created by Windows to store data temporarily when a program is running
• temporary Internet files
 Web pages stored in your hard drive for quick viewing If these files not deleted periodically, these unnecessary files can deter efficient operating performance.

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Disk Defragmenter is a utility that reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so the operating system accesses data more quickly and program runs faster. Fragmentation (files stored in scattered sectors) slows down disk access and thus the performance of the entire computer. You should check several time a year to determine whether your drive needs to be defragmented. Defragmenting the disk, or reorganizing it so the files are stored in contiguous sector.

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Application software
1.To make business activities more efficient.
2.To assist with graphics and multimedia projects.
3.To support home, personal, and educational tasks.
4.To facilitate communications.
Application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive and / assist them with personal tasks.
Application software has a variety of uses :

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ICT Skill (TCL 0822)
APPLICATION SOFTWARE Productivity Media Home/Entertainment Business
• Word processing
• Spreadsheet
• Image editing
• Audio editing
• Gaming
• Education
• Home business
• Large business
• Specialized business
SPECIALIZED APPLICATION
BASIC APPLICATION Web-based
• E-mail
• MapQuest
• Games
• Web browser
• Blogging
• Video conferencing
• Presentation
• Database
• Video editing
• Media management
• Reference
• Drawing

12. Productivity Software Word processing Spreadsheet Presentation Database
Basic application is called general-purpose or productivity application. Productivity software includes programs that enable you to perform various tasks generally required in home, school and business.

13. Productivity Software Word processing Microsoft word Corel WordPerfect Develop documents : letters , memos, reports, fax, cover sheets, mailing labels, newsletters and Web pages.
Word Processing allows users to create and manipulate documents containing mostly text and sometimes graphics. Word processing software has many features to make documents look professional and visually appealing. A major advantage of using word processing software
• easily can insert, delete, and move pieces of text
• make revisions and corrections
• has formatting options to
 change fonts, fonts styles, and sizes, add colors to text, adjust margins,
 add borders to portions of text or entire pages,
 insert bulleted and numbered lists and organized text into columns.
• can insert pictures from your own files or from a gallery of images called clip art.

14. Creating Report

15. Productivity Software Spreadsheet Microsoft Excel Lotus 1-2-3 Corel Quattro Pro Organize numerical data: keep track on daily expenses, create simple budget, planning the best payment strategy
Spreadsheet software enables you to do calculations and numerical analyses easily. It allows users to organize data in rows and columns to perform the calculations on data. A major use of spreadsheet :
• to track your expenses
• to create a simple budget Spreadsheet features : Worksheet is the basic element in a spreadsheet program, which is a grid consisting of columns and rows. Workbook is the spreadsheet program itself. Calculations on functions and formulas. Charting which depicts the data in graphical form.

17. Creating Sales Forecast

18. Creating Chart

19. Productivity Software Database Microsoft Access Corel Paradox Lotus Approach Complex electronic filing : database for online business, employee database, student database
Database is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval and use of that data. Database software is application software that allows user manage larger and more complicated groups of data that contain more than one table or to group, sort and retrieve data and to generate reports. Database Software features :
• consists of collection of tables, organized in a rows and columns
• The tables of data can relate with one another (relationship)
• Can run queries to retrieve data
• can take the results of a query and present it as report
• can build form format to ease client’s data entry and review.

20. Form

21. Creating database

22. Creating Query

23. Productivity Software
Presentation
Microsoft PowerPoint
Corel Presentations
Lotus Freelance Graphics
Create visual aids : presentation slides, dynamic slideshow
Presentations graphics is application software that allows user to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group. Presentation Graphics Software features :
• provides variety of predefined presentation formats that define complementary colors for backgrounds, text and graphical accents on the slides.
• includes a clip gallery that provides images, pictures, video clips, and audio clips to enhance multimedia presentations.
• incorporates features such as voice input, research, ink input, and converting an existing slide show into a format for the World Wide Web.

26. Productivity Software Integrated Packages Microsoft Works Apple Works
Integrated packages / integrated software application is a single software program that incorporates the most commonly used tools of many productivity software programs into one-integrated stand-alone program. So called as ‘software lite’ because they don’t include many of the complex features of the individual productivity software applications. Features :
• provide templates for frequently developed documents such as resumes and invoices.
• less expensive than their full featured counterparts.
• contain a number of templates and wizards.
• popular with many home users and classifieds as personal or home software.

29. Productivity Software Software Suite Microsoft Office Corel Lotus
Software suite is a group of software programs that have been bundled as a package. It combines application software such as word processing, spreadsheet, database, and other programs in a single, easy to use package. It has different categories of applications, including productivity, graphics, and virus protection. The programs in a software suite use a similar interface and share some common features. Features :
• much cheaper than buying each program individually
• the application work well together because the software suite come from the same developer.
• share common features , toolbars, and menus.

30. Microsoft office button
Quick access toolbar
Tab
Ribbon
Similar Features

31. Microsoft office button
Quick access toolbar
Tab
Ribbon

32. Software suite
1.Group of software that have been bundled together .
2.It share common features .
3.Used for larger business company and professional use. ADVANTAGES
1.It can be updated individually
2.It has option to install all of the programs at same time or only program that you want to use.
3.Consistent interface
4.Full featured version DISADVANTAGES
1.Costly than integrated packages.
2.Comes from same manufacturer.
3.Waste because may be purchasing unneeded software.
4.Consume much space in hard disk.
Integrated Packages
1.Software that combines several applications in a single program.
2.It has a common launching pad
3.Used for personal or smaller business. ADVANTAGES
1.Low cost than software suite.
2.Only need to install one program and to easier t learn.
3.Smaller in size. DISADVANTAGES
1.It can not be updated individually
2.Limited function because it is in Basic featured application.
3.Not suited for large companies or professional use.

33. Productivity Software Web-based Application Go!Animate Flipsnack Glogster
Web-based application is a program hosted on a Web site and does not require installation on your computer. Application Service Provider (ASP) allows access to Web- based application on special sites. Advantages :
• saving the hassle of software installation on computer.
•Store your information , so that you can retrieve it anytime.
• allows you to get a Web presence for small business quickly and cheaply. Go!Animate features :
• User can select template, characters features and add their own scripts to the animation .
• Create a rich animation video.
• Acts as a storytelling platform to promote literary devices

34. Watch this video : http://youtu.be/5t_UV07YBrQ

36. COPY AND PASTE OBJECT LINKING & EMBEDDING (OLE)
Data sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digitally stored information such as multimedia (audio, image, video, text, animation) or documents. It may be implemented through a variety of ways :

37. Copy-and-Paste refers to the popular, simple method of reproducing data from a source to a destination. Copying often takes place in graphical user interface systems through use of the key- combinations CTR+C or by using a toolbar button. Once data has been copied into the memory area referred as the clipboard, we may paste the contents of the clipboard into a destination using the key combinations CTR+V or other methods dependent on the system. COPY AND PASTE

38. OBJECT LINKING & EMBEDDING
Object linking and embedding is a way to use information from one application in another application. Both linking and embedding insert information from one document into another document. Also, both linked and embedded OLE objects can be edited from within the destination application. The main differences between linked objects and embedded objects are where you store them and how you update them, if need be, after you place them in the target file

39. OBJECT LINKING OBJECT EMBEDDING
An embedded object is created in an application in a separate source file too, but then it is inserted into the target file, becoming part of that file. If you make a change to the original source file, the change will NOT show up in the target file.
A linked object is created and stored in a separate source file, and then it is linked to the target file. Because the two files are linked, when you make changes to one file, the changes appear in both the source and target files. When you link your document to some external data object, your document records a pointer to the source of that data. If the source changes, your document will change accordingly.

40. Discussion Questions
•What is a graphical user interface?
•What are the advantages of using a web- based application?
•What kind of documents can I create with a word processing program?
•What is the difference between a spreadsheet and a worksheet?
•What is a relational database?

41. Discussion Questions
•What are the major differences between a spreadsheet and a database?
•Discuss the features you can use to enhance a presentation.
•Why are integrated packages popular? Why not use a software suite? Discuss.
•Describe the two methods for sharing data between applications.