The document discusses how to identify the theme of a story. It states that the theme is not a summary or plot, but rather the lesson learned or what is revealed about life. To find the theme, one should consider if the main character changed and what they learned, the main conflict and how it was resolved, and if the title has significant meaning. Common themes are also listed such as courage, freedom, love, and good vs. evil. Examples of stories with identifiable themes are provided.