commutation in business

1. Introduction to
communication

2. Out line
1. Why is Communication Important?
2. Why study Business Communication?
3. what is communication
4. Theories of communication
5. Definitions of Communication
6. why is communication imperfect

3. Why is Communication Important
Without communication, we all might as well
have been doomed. How we convey what we
feel, and what it is we need, cannot be done
without communication, be it in action or
verbally. Let's venture into this section on
the importance of communication..

4. Why study Business Communication ?
• Communication is neither transmission of message nor message itself. It
is the mutual exchange of understanding, originating with the receiver.
• Communication needs to be effective in business.
• Communication is essence of management. The basic functions of
management(Planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling)
cannot be performed well without effective communication
• Business communication involves constant flow of information. Feedback
is integral part of business communication. Organizations these days are
very large.
• It involves number of people. There are various levels of hierarchy in an
organization. Greater the number of levels, the more difficult is the job of
managing the organization.
• Communication here plays a very important role in process of directing
and controlling the people in the organization. Immediate feedback can be
obtained and misunderstandings if any can be avoided.

5. what is communication
• Communication (from Latin "communes", meaning to
share) is the activity of conveying information through the
exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by
speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behavior.
• Communication is defined by de Valenzuela as “any act by
which one person gives to or receives from another person
information about that person's needs, desires, perceptions,
knowledge, or affective states
• Communication may be intentional or unintentional, may
involve conventional or unconventional signals, may take
linguistic or nonlinguistic forms, and may occur through
spoken or other modes.

6. Theories of communication
Electronic Theory
• One very influential theory is called the mathematical or electronic theory of
communication.
• This idea emphasized the technical problems of transmitting a message from a
sender to a receiver
• It is based on, and uses the language of, electronics
• The message begins with an information source, the mind of the sender (writer
or speaker), who encodes message into words and sentences
• The message is transmitted as a signal (marks on paper or sound waves) through
a channel, where it may be distorted by noise (such as smudged typing or
acoustical problems). As a last step, the receiver (listener or reader) decodes the
message
Message
Communicator-----------------------------------------------------------------------Audience
As "sender“ as "receiver”

7. • The electronic theory is helpful because it introduces the ideas of
senders and receivers and of possible interference. It emphasizes
one important aspect of communication: accuracy.
• Its usefulness is limited , people are not machines.
• a accurate electronic communication system can be design but
not a human one.
• ignores money other important dimensions of the situation in
which we communicate

8. Social Environment Theory
• Social environment theory of the social and behavioral scientists.
• We must consider the situation, the social context in which we will
work.
• When we work and communicate together, we all participate in a
social situation.
• Within that situation, each agrees to assume certain roles - such as
"compromiser," "initiator," "or "encourager" - based on our part in
the activity.
• We each have a certain status prescribed officially, such as our job
title.
• We need to understand the rules, or the "culture," of the
environment in order to communicate: both the official rules - such
as company policies and practices - and those unwritten rules
regarding to whom, how, and when, and for how long it is
appropriate for us to communicate within a certain organization.

9. Message
Communicator
As "sender"
Audience
As "receiver"
Within a certain environment
Social environment is helpful because it adds the important dimension of
the specific social situation

10. Definitions of Communication
1. Communication is transfer of information from one person to another,
whether or not it elicits confidence. But the information transferred must be
understandable to the receiver .
2.“Communication is the intercourse by words, letters or messages”-
3. We can now proceed to define communication from what we have seen
above. To define means to give the precise and exact meaning of a word. The
exact meaning of the word communicate is ‘to share’ or ‘to participate’. The
dictionaries say that communication is the transmission of a message or
information by speaking or writing. Another dictionary declares that
communication is giving or exchanging information, signals, messages by talk or
gestures or writing. Yet another definition says that communication is social
intercourse. Communication is all this and much more. A good definition should
not only give the precise meaning but also throw light on the scope of the word
/ expression

11. 4.Communication is giving, receiving or exchanging
ideas, information, signals or messages through
appropriate media, enabling individuals or groups to
persuade, to seek information, to give information or
to express emotions.
5. This broad definition includes body-language, skills
of speaking and writing. It outlines the objectives of
communication. It emphasizes listening as an
important aspect of communication.

12. why is communication
imperfect
• We have seen that communication is an extremely complex
process.
• Even if you work hard to understand a subject and to write or speak
effectively about it , you can not be sure that your meaning has
been received exactly.
• In fact ,sine no two people think alike, no message but the most
simplistic is ever perceived precisely as it exist in the
communicators mind.
• Block communication ,is often called noise. Which may block
communication ,is often called noise
• We already saw that this is the term used in the electronic model of
communication for static, loss of power , or other conditions that
distort the signal as it travels form one point to another .

13. Even though we rarely communicate absolutely perfectly ,learning about the various barriers to
communication can make us aware of and help us avoid certain pitfalls . Specifically , we should
beware of possible psychological ,semantic, and physical barriers .
Psychological barriers refers to an individuals state of mind. For example if an individual is suffering
from personal issues such as health or martial problems this is most likely to affect them.
Psychological barriers
• Psychological barriers are closely linked to emotional barriers, emotional barriers play an important
role in the communication of a message.
• An example of this maybe when receiving a message you cannot properly interpret the message
because you are emotionally blocked at the moment in time. Reasons why you may be emotionally
blocked are due to internal issues such as fear, worry, suspicion and mistrust.
Emotional Barriers to Communication
• Communication is a two-way street. Whether you're talking about communicating with friends, family,
workmates or mere acquaintances, communicating is about sharing information and listening.
Unfortunately, everyone faces various emotional barriers that make one or both ends of the equation
difficult. By identifying some of these barriers, you can begin to work to overcome them and start
communicating more effectively

14. Perceptual Barriers to Communication
• Communication is the sending, receiving and exchange of ideas
and information, expressed verbally and nonverbally, according to
the Merriam-Webster's Dictionary.
• Communication can be broken when the senders intended
message is unclear or the receiver perceives it differently than the
sender intended. Barriers or roadblocks to effective
communication may be physical, behavioral/emotional, linguistic
and cultural.
• Perceptual barriers can lead to confusion, misunderstanding,
false information and false beliefs, resulting in poor
communication.
selectivity barriers in communication
• The audience is not able to absorb all the information coming from a
variety of sources; so the audience pick up information on selectively.
The selectivity is affected by timing, context, and the degree of
uniqueness of information

15. Semantic Barriers
• Communication is the process of transmitting a message from a sender to
a receiver. Oftentimes there are instances when we can't communicate
clearly what we want from one person to another.
• This is due to some barriers that we enocounter.An example of this is,
semantic barriers. Semantic means science of words. Semantic
distractions occur when a word is used differently than you prefer . A
single word conveys lots of different meanings.
• Each word is understood in reference to the context of the sentence as
well as place and situation it is used at. Semantic Distortion can be
deliberate or accidental. When it is deliberate, it is intended so but the
one that is accidental hinders the progress of communication.
• It renders ambiguity to the message and every different individual may
come to his own conclusion in the end. For example, the word chairman
instead of chairperson, may cause you to focus on the word and not the
message.
• How then can an organization overcome this type of barrier to effectively
communicate information

16. Thank you