The document provides a comprehensive overview of communication, defining it as the sharing of information between a sender and a receiver. It discusses the communication cycle, effective communication essentials, and the impact of noise on communication, categorizing it into channel noise and semantic noise. Additionally, it explores different types of communication, including general, technical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, extra-personal, and mass communication.

1.  Introduction
 Definition
 Communication Cycle
 Type of Communication

2. Definition
 The word “communication” has been derived from LATIN word
“Communicare”.
 “Communicare” means to share.
 The sharing of information ,knowledge ,understanding ,and thoughts
to other is called communication.

3.  There are two parties required for Communication.
 First party calls as “Sender” and second calls as “Receiver”.
 Absence of these two parties communication can not take place.
 It is termed effective only when the receiver receive the message
intended by the sender in the same perspective.
otherwise, it is miscommunication.

4. Communication Cycle

5.  Sender first encode the message and send it.
 Message goes through in well defined channel.
 Message reaches to the receiver, they decodes the message
and give pay attention on its ,if receiver understand the
message , then they give the feedback to the sender.
 Feedback is nothing but it is reply the suitable answer to
the sender.
 For every moment it is not necessary that receiver will
understand the message.
 This is happened due to presence of some noise and fault
in channel.

6. Effective Communication
 Essential for effective communication
 A common communication Environment
 Co-operation between the sender and the receiver
 Selection of an appropriate channel
 Correct encoding and decoding of the message
 Receipt of the desired response and feedback

7. Noise
 If response and desired answer do not get back to the sender from the
receiver , then communication has not been done.
 This is because of presence of noise.
 “Noise” is defined as any unplanned interference in the communication
environment ,which causes hindrance in the transmission of the message.
 Noise distorts interpretation or decoding part of the communication process.

8.  There are two types of “Noise”.
o Channel Noise
o Semantic Noise
Channel Noise
 Channel noise is any interference in the mechanism of the
medium used to send a message.
 Channel noise is developed externally.
Example:- Noise in telephone lines , too high volume from
loudspeaker etc.

9. Semantic Noise
 This type of error produced in the message itself.
 It is developed internally .
 It is generated due to faulty grammar , misspellings
and incorrect punctuation .
Example:- Sender interpret “Condescend” in positive
manner but receiver interpret in negative
manner.

10. Type of Communication
 General Communication
 Technical Communication
 Extra personal Communication
 Intra personal Communication
 Interpersonal Communication
 Mass Communication

11. General Communication
 It contains a general message.
 Informal in style and approach.
 No set pattern of communication.
 Mostly oral
 Not always for a specific audience.
 Doesn’t involve the use of technical vocabulary or graphics, etc.

12. Technical Communication
 It contains a technical message.
 Mostly formal
 Follows a set pattern
 Both oral and written
 Always for a specific audience
 Frequently involves jargon, graphics, etc.

13. Extra personal Communication
 Communication between human beings and non-human entities
is called “Extra personal Communication”.
 This form of communication requires perfect co-ordination and
understanding between the sender and receiver .
Example:- Communication between you and your pet dog.

14. Intrapersonal Communication
 This takes place within the individual.
 Self-motivation , self-determination ,etc are take place in intrapersonal level.
Example:- When you begin to “Feel hot” , the information is sent to
the brain and you may decide to “turn on the cooler” ,
responding to instructions sent from the brain to the hand.
-> In this case ,the relevant organ is the sender, the electrochemical
impulse is the message , and the brain is the receiver.

15. Interpersonal Communication
 Communication at this level refers to sharing of information among
people.
 Interpersonal communication differs from other forms of
communication.
 In that there are few participants involved.
 The interactants are in close physical Proxemity to each other .
 There are many sansory channel used , and feedback is immediate.
 It can be formal or informal.

16. Mass Communication
 This type of communication require a mediator to transmit information.
 Mass media such as journals, books, newspapers, and television which
mediate such communication.
 This kind of message are for large audience.
 Oral communication through mass media requires some equipment,
such as microphone, amplifiers, etc.
 For written form needs print or visual media.