4. THE BEGINNING
OF MODERN AGE
1453
End of hundred years war
Fall of Constantinople
1492
End of Reconquista
Discovery of America
1516
Luther against the
Catholic Church
1519
Death of Leonardo
Hernan Cortés conquests
México
5. 16th Century: Changing times.
• ECONOMY: Growth and change. Towards
capitalism and mundialization.
• SOCIETY: The rise of a new bourgeosie.
• POLITICS: The rise of the monarchies and the
modern state.
• CULTURE: New horizons (discoveries), new
styles (Renaissance), new religions (Luther)
8. ECONOMY: GROWTH AND
EXPANSION
CAUSES OF
GROWTH
Production +
Trade +
Social
stability
MONEY
INCOME
Population +
Death rate lower
Healthier people
Less diseases T
Richer cities
And merchant T
Less toubles
Less wars.. F / T
America
Far east T
More noble
Metals (silver) T
CAUSES
EVIDENCES
9. ECONOMY: GROWTH AND
EXPANSION
WHAT HAPPENS
IF…
More gold and
silver are
avaliable.
Inflation (higher
price)
(people cant buy
So many things)
More demand
(people want to buy
more goods)
More income
For kings
+ production
(traders will offer more
goods and jobs)
- Production(traders
will produce less,
+ unemployement)
More armies
conquest..
CHAIN OF CONSEQUENCES
Social unrest
(possible)
The gap between rich
And poor is wider
Migrations.
12. INFLATION AND MONEY
3 dresses for 9 ducades
Too much money in the market creates inflation
Price: 3 ducades
13. Economy growth
The agriculture improvement
More lands
To cultivate
New
Techniques
(irrigation,
Channels…)
More
production
Demographic
growth
Greater
demand
14. The growth of economy
More currency
(silver and gold
From America)
Financial
improvements
(bankers lend
money, loans)
New markets
And trade
routes
Greater
demand
More
production
ECONOMIC
GROWTH
The discovery of rich mines of silver in Central
Europe and South America brought more money
to spend in the economy.
15. RISE OF NOBLE METALS
• New silver mines are discovered at this
time (central Europe, America). As a
consequence a bigger amount of money is
avalaible in the market. This motivates
more production and a stimulus for the
economy. But in the long run, too much
money generates a rise in the prices
(inflation) and a crisis (people can’t buy
so many goods as before).
16. • WHAT CAN IT MEAN IF WE FIND
SPANISH SILVER COINS, MADE IN
MEXICO, IN THE TOMBS OF THE
CHINESE EMPERORS?
20. LA NOBLEZA
Perderán todo su
poder político, y
empezarán a trabajar
para los reyes.
A cambio, los reyes
incrementarán su
poder económico y su
prestigio.
21. LA IGLESIA
Seguirá siendo un
estado privilegiado,
pero sus
condiciones
cambiarán
dramáticamente
después de la
reforma religiosa en
los países
protestantes.
22. LOS CAMPESINOS
Desaparecerán las obligaciones feudaes en
Europa occidental (ya no serán siervos) y el
campesinado más rico acumulará más poder.
Sin embargo sus condiciones seguirán siendo
bastante penosas.
24. VS
FEUDAL
MONARCHY
Middle Age
Kings Control only their
own fiefs.
Nobles and Parliaments
challenge his power.
Civil wars.
Irregular income:
Scarce resources.
AUTHORITARIAN
MONARCHY
16th century
Real control over the
Whole country
Nobles became officials
and generals at the service
of kings.
Parliaments lose power.
More income:
regular resources
25. ELEMENTS OF THE
MODERN MONARCHY
The army.
More income allows the
kings
To keep a state army, not
longer
Depending on the private
armies
Of the nobles.
The weapons are now more
Expensive, and the armies,
bigger.
27. HIGHER TAXATION
Kings had now a
Regular income
From new taxes
(trade, for instance)
Cervantes was a tax collector
He standed accused of corruption,
And condemned to jail.
20% of the money coming
From America, was for the king
55. AZTECAS AND MAYAS
They discovered writing,
Astronomy and maths
and created a wide
empire in Central
America.
56. INCAS.
They created another
empire in South America
Across all the Andes.
They had an emperor with
Absolute power, and
All people had to work
To the emperor some days
per year.
