This is my work to make sure it is easy to understand the basic of Mechanical Engineer Drawing.It is a made for all and a quick bite to the very basics of engineering drawing. This data will also help the students to score more in their subjects. This will also help on design sector interviews.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing standards and concepts. It discusses drawing sheets, scales, lettering, and line types. Drawing standards are sets of rules that govern technical drawings to ensure consistency. Common international standards include ISO, ANSI, JIS, BS, and AS. Key elements covered include appropriate sheet sizes, title blocks, scale designation, text styles, stroke sequences, word spacing, and basic line types. Engineering drawings use defined graphics and text to precisely depict an object's shape, size, and specifications.
This document discusses different dimensioning systems used in engineering drawings including aligned, unidirectional, chain, parallel, and combined systems. It describes the key aspects of each system such as placement of dimensions, leaders, arrowheads, and extension lines. Dimensioning techniques for various geometric features like holes, arcs, and circles are also covered along with examples of front and side views showing the aligned and unidirectional systems.
Engineering drawings are a graphical means of communicating technical details and specifications without language barriers. They allow engineers to visualize and understand complex objects, structures, machines and their components. Drawings use standardized conventions, symbols and techniques to represent views, dimensions, materials, scales and other technical information precisely. They serve as roadmaps for manufacturing complex products. Manual drafting skills are still important for learning fundamental principles, even as computer-aided design has streamlined the process.
This document discusses different types of lines used in dimensioning including visible, hidden, and center lines. It describes dimensioning elements such as dimension lines, extension lines, arrow heads, and leader lines. The document outlines different types of dimensioning including location, size, and mating dimensions. It provides examples of dimensioning methods like aligned and unidirectional and arrangements including chain, parallel, and combined dimensions. Finally, the document discusses rules for proper dimensioning including placement of dimensions, avoiding unnecessary dimensions, and dimensioning various shapes and features.
The document discusses dimensioning techniques including:
1) Dimensioning components like extension lines, dimension lines, and dimension numbers and their proper usage.
2) Dimensioning common features like lengths, angles, arcs, holes, and their associated dimensioning methods.
3) Recommended practices for placement of dimensions and problem solving steps for dimensioning objects.
Orthographic projections provide 2D views of an object that together accurately represent it. Common views are the front, top, and side. Objects are imagined inside a glass box and each face is projected onto a plane. Dimensions are drawn with thin continuous lines and indicate sizes. Drawings include title blocks with title, author, date, scale, and other information.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing standards and conventions. It discusses the elements that make up a drawing including drawing sheets, scales, lettering, line types and more. Standards help ensure drawings clearly convey design intent to others. Lettering must have good legibility and uniformity. Common line types include visible, hidden, center and extension lines. Dimensioning and notes provide key numeric details.
Engineering drawing is a systematic process of communicating design ideas through documentation. It involves conceiving ideas and representing objects through systematic lines on paper. Orthographic projection is a method of projection where projectors from points on an object are parallel and perpendicular to projection planes. There are two main methods: first-angle projection places the object in the first quadrant with the sequence being observer-object-plane, while third-angle projection places the object in the third quadrant with the sequence being observer-plane-object. Points are projected onto planes by extending perpendicular projectors, and their projections are shown in the respective views above or below the reference line.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing standards and concepts. It discusses drawing sheets, scales, lettering, and line types. Drawing standards are sets of rules that govern technical drawings to ensure consistency. Common international standards include ISO, ANSI, JIS, BS, and AS. Key elements covered include appropriate sheet sizes, title blocks, scale designation, text styles, stroke sequences, word spacing, and basic line types. Engineering drawings use defined graphics and text to precisely depict an object's shape, size, and specifications.
This document discusses different dimensioning systems used in engineering drawings including aligned, unidirectional, chain, parallel, and combined systems. It describes the key aspects of each system such as placement of dimensions, leaders, arrowheads, and extension lines. Dimensioning techniques for various geometric features like holes, arcs, and circles are also covered along with examples of front and side views showing the aligned and unidirectional systems.
Engineering drawings are a graphical means of communicating technical details and specifications without language barriers. They allow engineers to visualize and understand complex objects, structures, machines and their components. Drawings use standardized conventions, symbols and techniques to represent views, dimensions, materials, scales and other technical information precisely. They serve as roadmaps for manufacturing complex products. Manual drafting skills are still important for learning fundamental principles, even as computer-aided design has streamlined the process.
This document discusses different types of lines used in dimensioning including visible, hidden, and center lines. It describes dimensioning elements such as dimension lines, extension lines, arrow heads, and leader lines. The document outlines different types of dimensioning including location, size, and mating dimensions. It provides examples of dimensioning methods like aligned and unidirectional and arrangements including chain, parallel, and combined dimensions. Finally, the document discusses rules for proper dimensioning including placement of dimensions, avoiding unnecessary dimensions, and dimensioning various shapes and features.
The document discusses dimensioning techniques including:
1) Dimensioning components like extension lines, dimension lines, and dimension numbers and their proper usage.
2) Dimensioning common features like lengths, angles, arcs, holes, and their associated dimensioning methods.
3) Recommended practices for placement of dimensions and problem solving steps for dimensioning objects.
Orthographic projections provide 2D views of an object that together accurately represent it. Common views are the front, top, and side. Objects are imagined inside a glass box and each face is projected onto a plane. Dimensions are drawn with thin continuous lines and indicate sizes. Drawings include title blocks with title, author, date, scale, and other information.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing standards and conventions. It discusses the elements that make up a drawing including drawing sheets, scales, lettering, line types and more. Standards help ensure drawings clearly convey design intent to others. Lettering must have good legibility and uniformity. Common line types include visible, hidden, center and extension lines. Dimensioning and notes provide key numeric details.
Engineering drawing is a systematic process of communicating design ideas through documentation. It involves conceiving ideas and representing objects through systematic lines on paper. Orthographic projection is a method of projection where projectors from points on an object are parallel and perpendicular to projection planes. There are two main methods: first-angle projection places the object in the first quadrant with the sequence being observer-object-plane, while third-angle projection places the object in the third quadrant with the sequence being observer-plane-object. Points are projected onto planes by extending perpendicular projectors, and their projections are shown in the respective views above or below the reference line.
CIVIL Engineering Drawing by haseeb muhammadhaseeb mohd
The document discusses the layout of a drawing sheet, including borders, filing margins, grid reference systems, and title boxes. It also covers starting a new drawing, including cleaning materials, fixing the drawing sheet, and completing administrative details in the title box. Guidelines are provided for keeping drawings clean while working.
This document discusses different types of section views including full sections, half sections, broken-out sections, removed sections, and offset sections. It addresses the proper placement of cutting planes and section lines, as well as common mistakes to avoid when creating section views. The purpose of section views is to reveal interior or hidden areas of an object by removing part of the material.
The document discusses sectional views in engineering drawings. Sectional views reveal the internal features of an object by imagining a cutting plane passes through it. There are different types of section views such as full section, half section, and broken-out section views. Section lines are used to indicate the cut surfaces and come in standard patterns for different materials. Dimensioning rules are similar to normal views but use one-sided dimension lines for half sections. Aligned sections rotate features about an axis so internal geometry is clearer.
INTRODUCTION OF ENGINEERING DRAWING
Application of Drawing in Industries - Importance of graphics in engineering applications - Use of drafting instruments - Specifications - Size, layout and folding of drawing sheets - Lettering and dimensioning.
PLANE CURVES AND FREE HAND SKETCHING
Curves used in engineering practices, Visualization concepts and Free Hand sketching - Layout of views.
QUADRANTS AND PROJECTION OF SOLIDS
Various types of Quadrants with their Projections and applications, Projection of simple solids like prisms, pyramids, cylinder, cone
Download link: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318852873_Engineering_Drawing_-_I
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22512.56328
An engineering drawing is a type of technical drawing, used to fully and clearly define requirements for engineered items, and is usually created in accordance with standardized conventions for layout, nomenclature, interpretation, appearance size, etc.
Its purpose is to accurately and unambiguously capture all the geometric features of a product or a component. The end goal of an engineering drawing is to convey all the required information that will allow a manufacturer to produce that component.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing topics including:
- Drawing instruments such as pencils, rulers, set squares, protractors, and compasses.
- Types of lines, lettering, dimensioning, and scales used in drawings.
- Plane geometry, conic sections, projections, sections of solids, and development of surfaces.
- Standards for drawings including title blocks with information like scales, dates, and part numbers.
- Methods of dimensioning including types of dimensions, arrangement of dimensions, and principles.
Introduction to Engineering drawing and GraphicsNUST Stuff
This chapter provides an overview of engineering drawings and their components. It discusses drawing standards, the graphics and word languages used to describe objects, and traditional drawing tools. It also covers topics like line types, lettering, scales, and layout of a drawing sheet. Engineering drawings combine graphics and text to precisely depict the size, shape, and specifications of objects in a standardized way to facilitate understanding between technical teams.
1) The document provides an introduction to engineering graphics and drawing instruments. It discusses the basic concepts of engineering drawing including projection types and scales. 2) It then describes various drawing tools such as T-squares, compasses, protractors, set squares, and their uses. 3) The document also explains guidelines for sheet layout including title blocks, borders, margins and scale usage in engineering drawings.
The document discusses key concepts in engineering drawing including:
1. Engineering drawings use graphic language with lines and shapes to precisely depict sizes, dimensions, and technical features in a way that is more effective than words alone.
2. Drawings must go through a design process including problem identification, idea exploration, visualization, refinement, and documentation to communicate solutions without ambiguity.
3. Standards for drawing scales, lettering, line types, and sheet formats help ensure drawings clearly convey the same meaning to all readers.
Orthographic projection is a technique where the object is projected onto planes perpendicular to the lines of sight to create 2D views from the front, side, and top. It shows the object as it would look from those directions. The views are positioned according to first or third angle projection rules. Dimensions and other details are included to fully specify the geometry and tolerances of the object being designed. Standard drawing sheet sizes, scales, line types, dimensioning methods, and title block contents are used to create technical drawings based on orthographic projections.
This document outlines an engineering drawing course, including:
- The course covers topics such as basic concepts of engineering drawing, instruments and their uses, orthographic drawings, isometric views, sectional views, and auxiliary views.
- It lists reference textbooks for the course and provides a class schedule covering topics week by week.
- Notes specify requirements for attendance, necessary instruments for classes, and exams that will be used to calculate final grades.
- Additional sections cover graphics language, traditional drawing tools, projection methods, drawing standards, and line conventions. Diagrams and examples are provided to illustrate key concepts.
This document discusses orthographic projection and multiview projection techniques. It explains that an object can be represented through multiple views that each show two dimensions of its three principal dimensions. These views are obtained by either revolving the object or moving the observer around the object. The document also covers topics like line conventions for hidden, visible and center lines in multiview drawings.
This document discusses various sectioning conventions used in engineering drawings. It defines different types of sections such as full sections, half sections, and broken-out sections. It describes how to represent features like ribs, spokes, holes and lugs when they are cut by the sectioning plane. Guidelines are provided for cross-hatching cut surfaces, showing hidden details, and aligning non-symmetrical elements in section views. The document also covers conventions for thin materials, breaks, and other techniques to clarify interior features in sectional views.
Engineering drawings are technical drawings used to define requirements for engineered items. They contain various views, dimensions, and details. There are different types of engineering drawings for different fields like machine drawings, structural drawings, and electrical drawings. Engineering drawings are based on geometric drawings and are important for communicating design ideas, analyzing designs, stimulating further design, and supporting manufacturing. They contain various elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and symbols to convey important information about an engineering design.
Intersection OF SOLIDES
THIS SLIDE CONTAINS WHOLE SYLLABUS OF ENGINEERING DRAWING/GRAPHICS. IT IS THE MOST SIMPLE AND INTERACTIVE WAY TO LEARN ENGINEERING DRAWING.SYLLABUS IS RELATED TO rajiv gandhi proudyogiki vishwavidyalaya / rajiv gandhi TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY ,BHOPAL.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawings, including their purpose and typical components. It discusses drawing sizes, basic line types like object lines and hidden lines, dimensioning systems, orthographic projections, and examples of civil and architectural drawings like floor plans and topographic maps. The key information conveyed through engineering drawings includes layouts, wiring, equipment details and assembly instructions.
Orthographic projections are a collection of 2D drawings that together accurately represent an object. The six principal views or orthographic views are the front, top, side, and three quarter views. Guidelines for choosing views include selecting the most descriptive front view and using the longest dimension as width or depth. Orthographic projections place an object within an imaginary glass box and freeze views from each side, which are then unfolded. Dimensioning and tolerancing provide manufacturing specifications. Various line types, such as visible, hidden, and center lines, have precedence and are used to fully convey a drawing's geometry and features.
This document provides information on dimensioning components and practices for technical drawings. It defines dimensioning as specifying part sizes, locations, and other information using figures, symbols, and notes. Key components of dimensioning include extension lines, dimension lines, leader lines, and notes. Recommended practices include leaving gaps between lines, placing dimensions outside views, avoiding hidden lines, and grouping dimensions. The document also covers dimensioning various shapes such as holes, cylinders, fillets, and rounded ends according to manufacturing methods.
CIVIL Engineering Drawing by haseeb muhammadhaseeb mohd
The document discusses the layout of a drawing sheet, including borders, filing margins, grid reference systems, and title boxes. It also covers starting a new drawing, including cleaning materials, fixing the drawing sheet, and completing administrative details in the title box. Guidelines are provided for keeping drawings clean while working.
This document discusses different types of section views including full sections, half sections, broken-out sections, removed sections, and offset sections. It addresses the proper placement of cutting planes and section lines, as well as common mistakes to avoid when creating section views. The purpose of section views is to reveal interior or hidden areas of an object by removing part of the material.
The document discusses sectional views in engineering drawings. Sectional views reveal the internal features of an object by imagining a cutting plane passes through it. There are different types of section views such as full section, half section, and broken-out section views. Section lines are used to indicate the cut surfaces and come in standard patterns for different materials. Dimensioning rules are similar to normal views but use one-sided dimension lines for half sections. Aligned sections rotate features about an axis so internal geometry is clearer.
INTRODUCTION OF ENGINEERING DRAWING
Application of Drawing in Industries - Importance of graphics in engineering applications - Use of drafting instruments - Specifications - Size, layout and folding of drawing sheets - Lettering and dimensioning.
PLANE CURVES AND FREE HAND SKETCHING
Curves used in engineering practices, Visualization concepts and Free Hand sketching - Layout of views.
QUADRANTS AND PROJECTION OF SOLIDS
Various types of Quadrants with their Projections and applications, Projection of simple solids like prisms, pyramids, cylinder, cone
Download link: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318852873_Engineering_Drawing_-_I
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22512.56328
An engineering drawing is a type of technical drawing, used to fully and clearly define requirements for engineered items, and is usually created in accordance with standardized conventions for layout, nomenclature, interpretation, appearance size, etc.
Its purpose is to accurately and unambiguously capture all the geometric features of a product or a component. The end goal of an engineering drawing is to convey all the required information that will allow a manufacturer to produce that component.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing topics including:
- Drawing instruments such as pencils, rulers, set squares, protractors, and compasses.
- Types of lines, lettering, dimensioning, and scales used in drawings.
- Plane geometry, conic sections, projections, sections of solids, and development of surfaces.
- Standards for drawings including title blocks with information like scales, dates, and part numbers.
- Methods of dimensioning including types of dimensions, arrangement of dimensions, and principles.
Introduction to Engineering drawing and GraphicsNUST Stuff
This chapter provides an overview of engineering drawings and their components. It discusses drawing standards, the graphics and word languages used to describe objects, and traditional drawing tools. It also covers topics like line types, lettering, scales, and layout of a drawing sheet. Engineering drawings combine graphics and text to precisely depict the size, shape, and specifications of objects in a standardized way to facilitate understanding between technical teams.
1) The document provides an introduction to engineering graphics and drawing instruments. It discusses the basic concepts of engineering drawing including projection types and scales. 2) It then describes various drawing tools such as T-squares, compasses, protractors, set squares, and their uses. 3) The document also explains guidelines for sheet layout including title blocks, borders, margins and scale usage in engineering drawings.
The document discusses key concepts in engineering drawing including:
1. Engineering drawings use graphic language with lines and shapes to precisely depict sizes, dimensions, and technical features in a way that is more effective than words alone.
2. Drawings must go through a design process including problem identification, idea exploration, visualization, refinement, and documentation to communicate solutions without ambiguity.
3. Standards for drawing scales, lettering, line types, and sheet formats help ensure drawings clearly convey the same meaning to all readers.
Orthographic projection is a technique where the object is projected onto planes perpendicular to the lines of sight to create 2D views from the front, side, and top. It shows the object as it would look from those directions. The views are positioned according to first or third angle projection rules. Dimensions and other details are included to fully specify the geometry and tolerances of the object being designed. Standard drawing sheet sizes, scales, line types, dimensioning methods, and title block contents are used to create technical drawings based on orthographic projections.
This document outlines an engineering drawing course, including:
- The course covers topics such as basic concepts of engineering drawing, instruments and their uses, orthographic drawings, isometric views, sectional views, and auxiliary views.
- It lists reference textbooks for the course and provides a class schedule covering topics week by week.
- Notes specify requirements for attendance, necessary instruments for classes, and exams that will be used to calculate final grades.
- Additional sections cover graphics language, traditional drawing tools, projection methods, drawing standards, and line conventions. Diagrams and examples are provided to illustrate key concepts.
This document discusses orthographic projection and multiview projection techniques. It explains that an object can be represented through multiple views that each show two dimensions of its three principal dimensions. These views are obtained by either revolving the object or moving the observer around the object. The document also covers topics like line conventions for hidden, visible and center lines in multiview drawings.
This document discusses various sectioning conventions used in engineering drawings. It defines different types of sections such as full sections, half sections, and broken-out sections. It describes how to represent features like ribs, spokes, holes and lugs when they are cut by the sectioning plane. Guidelines are provided for cross-hatching cut surfaces, showing hidden details, and aligning non-symmetrical elements in section views. The document also covers conventions for thin materials, breaks, and other techniques to clarify interior features in sectional views.
Engineering drawings are technical drawings used to define requirements for engineered items. They contain various views, dimensions, and details. There are different types of engineering drawings for different fields like machine drawings, structural drawings, and electrical drawings. Engineering drawings are based on geometric drawings and are important for communicating design ideas, analyzing designs, stimulating further design, and supporting manufacturing. They contain various elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and symbols to convey important information about an engineering design.
Intersection OF SOLIDES
THIS SLIDE CONTAINS WHOLE SYLLABUS OF ENGINEERING DRAWING/GRAPHICS. IT IS THE MOST SIMPLE AND INTERACTIVE WAY TO LEARN ENGINEERING DRAWING.SYLLABUS IS RELATED TO rajiv gandhi proudyogiki vishwavidyalaya / rajiv gandhi TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY ,BHOPAL.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawings, including their purpose and typical components. It discusses drawing sizes, basic line types like object lines and hidden lines, dimensioning systems, orthographic projections, and examples of civil and architectural drawings like floor plans and topographic maps. The key information conveyed through engineering drawings includes layouts, wiring, equipment details and assembly instructions.
Orthographic projections are a collection of 2D drawings that together accurately represent an object. The six principal views or orthographic views are the front, top, side, and three quarter views. Guidelines for choosing views include selecting the most descriptive front view and using the longest dimension as width or depth. Orthographic projections place an object within an imaginary glass box and freeze views from each side, which are then unfolded. Dimensioning and tolerancing provide manufacturing specifications. Various line types, such as visible, hidden, and center lines, have precedence and are used to fully convey a drawing's geometry and features.
This document provides information on dimensioning components and practices for technical drawings. It defines dimensioning as specifying part sizes, locations, and other information using figures, symbols, and notes. Key components of dimensioning include extension lines, dimension lines, leader lines, and notes. Recommended practices include leaving gaps between lines, placing dimensions outside views, avoiding hidden lines, and grouping dimensions. The document also covers dimensioning various shapes such as holes, cylinders, fillets, and rounded ends according to manufacturing methods.
The document discusses color theory and different aspects of color including:
- The color wheel which shows the primary, secondary, and tertiary colors. Primary colors are red, yellow, and blue.
- Color values which are the lights and darks of colors created by mixing colors with black or white. Tints are lightened colors mixed with white, and shades are darkened colors mixed with black.
- Warm colors are found on the right side of the color wheel like reds, oranges, and yellows. Cool colors are on the left side like greens, blues, and purples.
- Different color schemes including monochromatic using one color, complementary using opposite colors, analogous using adjacent colors, and
The document provides instructions for drawing 8 isometric views of different shaped blocks. For each block, 3 side views are shown in Figures 1 through 8, and students are to draw a full size isometric view of the block as indicated by arrows. The grid size for each drawing is 10 mm x 10 mm, and hidden details do not need to be shown.
The document discusses site analysis for building design. Site analysis is the process of studying the existing environment and how it will influence a structure's design and layout. Key factors in site analysis include topography, vegetation, soil, climate, sunlight, and regulatory considerations. Contour lines are used to represent the topography and slope of the land, which greatly impacts building design. A thorough site analysis must be completed before beginning the design process.
Engineering drawing is a graphical means of communication used to describe the details of objects without language barriers. It uses diagrams, sketches and pictures to effectively convey technical details and specifications, especially for complex objects like aircraft, machinery and structures. Engineering drawing follows standardized rules, conventions and techniques to ensure clarity and accuracy in representation. It is an essential tool across all branches of engineering for both design and manufacturing purposes, as it is impossible to verbally or physically describe every detail of complex engineered products and structures.
Engineering drawing is a graphical means of communication used to describe the technical details of objects without language barriers. It uses standardized techniques for depicting the size, shape, and specifications of objects and is the universal language for engineers. Drawings allow all necessary details to be illustrated and communicated between engineers. Producing accurate engineering drawings is essential for the construction and manufacturing of complex mechanical and structural designs. Proper use of lines, lettering, dimensioning, and other drafting conventions ensure clarity and reproducibility of design information.
1. Engineering drawing is a technique to create graphical representations containing dimensions, specifications and notes to transform abstract concepts into real world objects. It is used in industries like shipping, manufacturing and construction.
2. There are two main types of projection in engineering drawing: parallel projection and perspective projection.
3. Key tools used in engineering drawing include a T-square, compass, French curves, drafter, protractor, set square, pencils, triangles and scales. Accuracy, speed, legibility and neatness are important objectives.
The document provides an overview of an engineering drawing lecture that covers geometric constructions. It discusses the basic geometric primitives of points, lines, and curves. It explains how to construct lines, arcs, and curves that are tangent to other lines and curves. It also describes how to divide a line into equal parts, construct regular polygons of a given side length, inscribe a circle inside a polygon or inscribe a polygon inside a circle. The lecture aims to teach students how to construct basic geometric shapes that serve as building blocks for more complex shapes.
The document provides information about engineering graphics and technical drawing. It discusses:
1) What engineering graphics is, examples of different types of engineering drawings, and why manual drawing is important.
2) The basic instruments used for drawing like drawing boards, pencils, set squares, protractors, as well as how to letter and dimension drawings.
3) Different types of projections used in drawings including orthographic, isometric, and perspective projections.
4) Concepts of sections, developments, and intersections that are important applications of projections in engineering.
This document provides a syllabus for the course GE2221 - Engineering Graphics. It covers key topics like introduction to engineering graphics, drawing standards, drawing instruments, lettering, line types, dimensioning, projection methods, and introduction to different units. The course aims to teach students how to communicate technical information through visualization, graphics theory, standards, conventions, tools and applications of technical drawings. Students will learn projection of points, lines, plane surfaces, solids and their sections, development of surfaces, isometric and perspective projections.
Here is a 1:4 scale constructed to measure up to 5 decimeters:
[DIAGRAM]
A line 12.5 cm long is divided into 5 equal divisions, with each division representing 1 decimeter. The first division is further divided into 10 equal sub-divisions, with each sub-division representing 1 centimeter. Numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 are marked to the right of the divisions to indicate decimeters. "cm" is marked to the left of 0 to label the centimeter sub-divisions. "1:4" is written below to indicate the representative fraction.
Here is a 1:4 scale constructed to measure up to 5 decimeters:
[DIAGRAM]
A line 12.5 cm long is divided into 5 equal divisions, with each division representing 1 decimeter. The first division is further divided into 10 equal sub-divisions, with each sub-division representing 1 centimeter. Numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 are marked to the right of the divisions to indicate decimeters. "cm" is marked to the left of 0 to label the centimeter sub-divisions. "1:4" is written below to indicate the representative fraction.
Slide using and communicating technical informationReece Hancock
The document provides information on engineering drawings and technical documentation standards. It discusses the different types of drawings and views used, including orthographic projections, section views, assembly drawings, and pictorial drawings. It also covers important drawing conventions like dimensioning, tolerancing, fits and limits according to British standards like BS 8888. Key information to include on title blocks is also outlined.
1 SRI RANGA ITI ED 1ST&2ND CHAPTER.ppsxravikumarHC
The document provides an introduction to engineering drawing, including definitions and the purpose of engineering drawings. It discusses that engineering drawings are a universal language for engineers, conveying technical information graphically. It also lists the types of engineering drawings as orthographic, isometric, and freehand drawings. The document then describes various drawing instruments and aids used for engineering drawings, such as drawing boards, set squares, protractors, templates, and pencils. It provides details on the use and features of each tool.
The document discusses engineering graphics and drawing, including the importance of drawing as a universal language for engineers. It describes various drawing instruments used to prepare accurate drawings, such as the drawing board, T-square, set squares, protractor, compass, and types of pencils. The document also outlines different types of lines used in engineering drawings, such as outlines, hidden lines, center lines, and cutting plane lines.
Architectural Drafting Techniques and Materials.pptxBaslielPhilemon
Graphic language is more effective than word language for technical drawings as it can describe the size, shape, and features of an object concisely and allow others to visualize it. The document discusses drafting standards, materials, and instruments. It explains that drawings are made up of graphics and words, with graphics mainly describing shapes and words providing details on size, location, and specifications. A variety of drawing materials like paper, pencils, tapes and instruments like boards, scales and templates are introduced for making accurate technical drawings.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing standards and techniques. It discusses orthographic projection methods including multiview and axonometric drawings. Key topics covered include line types, lettering standards, scale conventions, and traditional drawing tools. Proper techniques for graphics language, word placement, letter spacing and stroke sequence are explained to ensure effective technical communication through engineering drawings.
This document provides an overview of architectural drafting standards and symbols used in interior design programs. It discusses drafting media such as tracing paper and vellum, common sheet sizes, and the importance of line weights including guidelines, bold lines, medium lines, and light lines. It also covers drafting symbols such as line types, material symbols, and architectural graphic symbols to ensure a common graphic language is used in design drawings.
This document provides an overview of architectural drafting standards and guidelines for interior design students. It discusses the different types of drafting including technical sketches, mechanical drafting, and computer-aided drafting. It also outlines drafting media such as tracing paper and vellum, common drafting sheet sizes, and the importance of using different line weights in construction documents. The goal is to ensure students understand common graphic communication standards used in interior design.
This document provides an overview of architectural drafting standards and guidelines for interior design students. It discusses the different types of drafting including technical sketches, mechanical drafting, and computer-aided drafting. It also outlines drafting media such as tracing paper and vellum, common drafting sheet sizes, and the importance of using different line weights in construction documents. The goal is to ensure students understand common graphic communication standards used in interior design.
This document discusses guidelines for dimensioning engineering drawings. It describes the different types of lines used such as visible lines, hidden lines, center lines, and dimension and extension lines. It explains why dimensioning is important for manufacturing interchangeable parts. The key components of dimensioning are described, including extension lines, dimension lines, leader lines, and dimension figures. Guidelines are provided for placement of dimensions, such as not crossing lines and placing dimensions outside the view. Dimensioning various shapes such as arcs, holes, cylinders, and rounded ends are also covered.
Similar to Basics of engineering drawing by Rishabh Natholia (20)
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Coordinate and oversee all technical activities relating to architectural and construction projects,
including directing the design team, reviewing drafts and computer models, and approving design
changes.
Organize and typically develop, and review building plans, ensuring that a project meets all safety and
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Prepare feasibility studies, construction contracts, and tender documents with specifications and
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Consulting with clients, work on formulating equipment and labor cost estimates, ensuring a project
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Monitoring the progress of a project to assess whether or not it is in compliance with building plans
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International Upcycling Research Network advisory board meeting 4Kyungeun Sung
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4. INTRODUCTION
An Engineering Drawing is a type of technical drawing,
used to fully and clearly define requirements for
engineered items, and is usually created in accordance
with standardized conventions for layout, nomenclature
interpretation, appearance size etc.
4
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6. DRAWING STANDARD
Standard are the set of rules that govern how technical drawing are
represented.
Drawing Standard are used so that drawing convey the same meaning to
everyone who reads them.
Different countries use different standards according to there ease.
In India we follow IS (Indian Standard) which is some what like JIS system
IS: 1071 I-1983 Sizes of Drawing Sheet
IS: 9609 (Part 2)1985 Lettering on Technical Drawing
IS: 10713-1983 Scales on Drawing
6
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10. DRAWING SHEET
10
• Sheet Size
• Margin
• Edge Line
• Border and Frame
• Orientation Mark
• Grid References
• Title Block
• Folding Sheet
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11. 11
Example of Drawing Sheet
Margin
Untrimmed Size
Trimmed Size
Margin Line
Orientation Mark
Title Block
Grid Reference
Frame
Border
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12. SHEET SIZE
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This section specifies sizes of blank and pre-printed drawing sheets for use
with all technical drawings in any field of engineering. There are various
standards for paper size such as A series, B series, C series.
• Series A (ISO 216) is taken as standard all over the world
• A0 size defined to have area of 1 square meter.
• The length divided by the width is 1.4142.
• Each subsequent size A(n) is defined as A(n-1) cut in half parallel to its
shorter sides.
The area of B series sheets is the geometric mean of successive A series
sheets. The international standard for envelopes is the C series of ISO 269.
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13. Series A Paper Size (ISO 216)
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14. In printing, bleed is printing that goes beyond the edge of the sheet before trimming.
Gives the printer a small amount of space to account for movement of the paper.
RA stands for "raw format A" and is conceptually defined as being 105% of the A series size.
SRA stands for "supplementary raw format A" and is conceptually defined as being 115% of
the A series size
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Untrimmed Paper
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This section covers methods of folding of drawing prints.
All large prints of sizes higher than A4 are folded to A4 sizes.
The title blocks of all the folded prints appear in topmost position.
The bottom right corner shall be outermost visible section and shall have a
width not less than 190 mm.
FOLDING OF DRAWING PRINTS
TYPES OF FOLD
• Folding of prinits for Filing or Binding
• Folding of prints for storing in Filing Cabinet
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17. Folding of prinits for Filing or Binding
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18. Folding of prints for storing in Filing Cabinet
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Drawing Instruments or tools are used to prepare neat and accurate drawings.
To a greater extent, the ac-curacy of the Drawings depends on curacy of the
Drawings depends on the quality of instruments used to prepare them.
The following is the list of Drawing Instruments and other materials required
Drawing Board Drafter (Drafting machine)
• Set Squares
• Protractor
• Drawing Instrument Box
• Drawing Sheet
• Drawing Pencils
• Drawing Pins/Clips
DRAWING TOOLS
23. Drawing Board
Drawing board is made from strips of well seasoned soft wood generally 25
mm thick. It is cleated at the back by two battens to prevent warping.
One of the shorter edges of the rectangular board is pro One of the shorter
edges of the rectangular board is pro-vided with perfectly straight ebony
edge which is used as working edge on which the T edge on which the T-
square is moved while making Drawings square is moved while making
Drawing
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24. PENCIL
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• The difference is seen in the type of lead is in the pencil.
• The hardness written as H, Black the mark the lead makes written as B.
• The pencil No. 2(HB) pencil stands in middle.
• The hardest lead in a pencil is a 9H pencil, the blackest lead is a 9B pencil.
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TRY TO NAME THESE
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27. SCALES
Ratio of the linear dimension of an element of an object as represented in the
original drawing to the real linear dimension of the same element of the
object itself.
• Full Size - A scale with the ratio 1: 1.
• Enlargement Scale - A scale where the ratio is larger than 1 :1. It is said to
be larger as its ratio increases.
• Reduction Scale - A scale where ratio is smaller than 1: 1. It is said to be
smaller as its ratio decreases.
SCALE 1 : 1 for full size
SCALE X : 1 for En-largement scale
SCALE 1 : X for Reduction scales
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28. In all cases, the selected scale shall be large enough to permit easy and
clear interpretation of the information depicted.
Details that are too small for complete dimensioning in the main
representation shall be shown adjacent to the main representation in a
separate detail view (or section) which is drawn to a large scale.
The scale to be chosen for a drawing will depend upon the complexity of
the object to be depicted and the purpose of the representation.
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Scales for Use on Technical Drawings
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30. LINES
This section specifies the types of lines, their thickness and application for
use in technical drawings.
Lines on an engineering drawing signify more than just the geometry of the
object and it is important that the appropriate line type is used.
o Line Thickness
o Line Style
o Precedence of line
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PROPERTIES OF LINE
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37. LETTERING
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• Lettering used in engineering drawing is referred to as a Single Stroke,
Commercial Gothic.
• The height h of the capital letter is taken as the base of dimensioning
• The lettering may be inclined 15’ to the right, or may be vertical
Lettering in Engineering Drawing
To communicate non graphic information
Thus must be written with-
1. Legibility
• Shape
• Space between words and letters
2. Uniformity
• Size
• Line Thickness
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WORD SPACING
General conclusion are:
• Space between the letters depends on the countour of the letter at
an adjacent side
• Good Spacing creates approximately equal background are between
letters.
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46. DIMENSIONING
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Dimension as a numerical value expressed in appropriate units of
measurement and indicated graphically on technical drawings with lines,
symbols and notes.
Units of Measurement: The most commonly used unit for length is the
millimeter. In civil engineering and architectural drawing, inch or foot is often
used as a unit of length. Angles are shown in degrees.
Symbols are incorporated to indicate specific geometry wherever necessary.
Providing information on a drawing about
o Distances (size or functional dimensions)
o Sizes and positions (location or datum dimensions) of holes, grooves and
other features.
o Details relating to manufacture etc.
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47. FUNCTIONAL DIMENSIONS (FDS)
These are dimensions, which directly dictate the functioning of the component.
That is a FD is a dimension defined on the basis of the function of the product
and the method of locating it in any assembly of which it may form part of, e.g.
the diameter of a shaft, the length of a bolt, etc.
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NON FUNCTIONAL DIMENSIONS (NFDS)
AUXILLARY DIMENSIONS (FDS)
These are dimensions, which do not directly affect the functioning of the
component but have to be specified to enable production of that component, e.g.
the size of a bolt head.
These are dimensions which should not necessarily appear on the drawing but
are sometimes included to avoid calculations or when they would provide
additional/useful information. ADs are usually written in brackets.
CATOGRIES OF DIMENSIONING
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49. LEADER LINES AND NOTES
• Leader (or pointer) line – Thin continuous line connecting a note or
dimension figure with the feature to which it applies. One end of the
leader terminates in an arrowhead or dot.
• The arrowhead touches the outline while the dot is placed within the
object or on the outline
• The other end of a leader is terminated in a horizontal line underlining the
note
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50. RULES FOR LEADER LINE
• A leader line is never drawn horizontal, vertical or curved
• It is drawn at an angle not less than 30o to the line that it touches
• When pointing to a circle or arc, it is drawn radially
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51. ARROWHEADS AND DIMENSION LINE POSITIONING
A dimension line is placed at least 6-8 mm away from an outline and from
each other
An extension line extends ~3mm beyond a dimension line
Arrowhead – Placed at each end of a dimension line, its pointed end
touches an outline, extension line or a centerline. It is also placed at the
end of a leader line
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53. TYPES OF DIMENSIONING
Aligned
• Dimension are aligned with the entity
being measured.
• They are placed perpendicular to the
dimension line such that they may be
read from the bottom or right-hand side
of the drawing sheet.
• Dimensions are placed at the middle
and on top of the dimension lines.
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Unidirectional
• Dimensions are placed in such a way
that they can be read from the bottom
edge of the drawing sheet.
• Dimensions are inserted by breaking
the dimension lines at the middle.
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55. PARALLEL (PROGRESSIVE) DIMENSIONING
All the dimensions are shown from a common reference line. Obviously,
all these dimensions share a common extension line. This method is
adopted when dimensions have to be established from a particular datum
surface
Smaller dimensions should always be placed nearer the view. The next
smaller dimension should be placed next and so on.
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56. CHAIN (CONTINUOUS) DIMENSIONING
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All the dimensions are aligned in such a way that an arrowhead of one
dimension touches tip-to-tip the arrowhead of the adjacent dimension. The
overall dimension is placed outside the other smaller dimensions
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57. COMBINED DIMENSIONING
When both the methods, i.e., chain dimensioning and parallel dimensioning
are used on the same drawing, the method of dimensioning is called
combined dimensioning
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58. CYLINDRICAL DIMENSIONS
Cylindrical features should be dimensioned by giving their diameters.
They should be dimensioned in the views in which they appear as rectangles
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CYLINDER – OUTER DIMENSION IS ALSO
CIRCULAR. CAN BE HOLLOW OR SOLID
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62. NOTE that all “rules” on dimensioning are just guidelines. Use common
sense depending on circumstances (i.e. there are no strict rules/regulations
on dimensioning)
In metric system, all linear dimensions are considered to be in millimeters
Show full size dimensions regardless of the scale used in the drawing
Dimension any feature only once (i.e. no repetitions are allowed)
Dimension obviously identical features only once
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General Hints on Dimensioning
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63. For any query or error feel free to mail me :
natholiarishabh@gmail.com
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