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1. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
History of Architecture-II (AP-313)
Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
LECTURE 3
Nipesh P Narayanan
ImageSource:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/William_Morris_design_for_Trellis_wallpaper_1862.jpg[Online]

2. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
RAPHAEL Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (1483 –1520)
Deposition of Christ, 1507
ImageSourcehttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Raffaello%2C_pala_baglioni%2C_deposizione.jpg
[ONLINE]

3. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
POST RAPHAEL MANNERISM
Parmigianino's Madonna with the
Long Neck (1534-40)
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Parmigianino_003b.jpg[ONLINE]

4. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
PRE-RAPHAELITE BROTHERHOOD
Christ In the House of His Parents, by John Everett Millais, 1850
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Millais-christ-in-the-house-of-his-parents.jpg
[ONLINE]

5. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
INDUSTRIALIZATION
Effects
– Money
– Alienation
ImageSource:http://ia.media-
imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMjMwMDA5NzEwOF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwMzgwNDg3OA@@._V1_SY317_CR5,0,214,317_.jpg
[ONLINE]

6. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
RESPONSE TO INDUSTRIALIZATION
William Morris (1834 –1896)
C R Ashbee (1863 –1942)
W R Lethaby (1857 - 1931)
Trained as Architects and worked towards unity in the arts.
“to re-establish a harmony between architect, designer and craftsman and
to bring handcraftsmanship to the production of well-designer, affordable,
everyday objects.”
ImageSource:http://media.screened.com/uploads/0/235/636117-modern_times_gears.png[ONLINE]

7. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
RESPONSE TO INDUSTRIALIZATION
Individual expression
Vernacular
Use of local materials
“improvement of commercial design always remained as serious a
goal as the restoration of craftsmanship. Groups of leading designers
not only set up craft societies but independent commercial
companies”
ImageSource:http://media.screened.com/uploads/0/235/636117-modern_times_gears.png[ONLINE]

8. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
SOCIAL REFORM OF ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT
Change in Working condition
Belief in restorative power of craftsmanship
Simple life
Art as a way of life

9. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
PRINCIPLES OF ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT
HONESTY
Design Unity
Joy in Labour
Individualism
Regionalism

10. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
WILLIAM MORRIS (1834 –1896)
Influenced by
– Pre-Raphaelite
Brotherhood
– Writings of John
Ruskin
ImageSource:hhttp://www.literaryplaces.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Portrait-of-William-Morris.jpg[ONLINE]

11. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
WILLIAM MORRIS TRELLIS
Wallpaper designer by Morris
ImageSource:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:William_Morris_design_for_Trellis_wallpaper_1862.jpg[ONLINE]

12. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
WILLIAM MORRIS RED HOUSE
Architect - Philip Webb
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/The_Red_House%2C_Bexleyheath.JPG[ONLINE]

13. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
WILLIAM MORRIS RED HOUSE
Architect - Philip Webb
ImageSource:http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_w4ifTToAw5Q/TD8vQOlxSMI/AAAAAAAACh0/LVo4bxKHSfU/s1600/red+house.jpg
[ONLINE]

14. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
WILLIAM MORRIS RED HOUSE
Architect - Philip Webb
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Red_House_window_detail.JPG[ONLINE]

15. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
C R ASHBEE (1863 –1942)
Influenced by
– Socialism of William
Morris (Established
Guild and School of
Handicraft in 1888, in
the slums
of Whitechapel)
– Works of John Ruskin
ImageSource:http://www.utopia-britannica.org.uk/Assets/Ashbee.jpg[ONLINE]

16. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
C R ASHBEE GUILD AND SCHOOL OF HANDICRAFT
"seek not only to set a higher standard of craftsmanship, but at
the same time, and in so doing, to protect the status of the
craftsman. To this end it endeavours to steer a mean between
the independence of the artist— which is individualistic and
often parasitical— and the trade-shop, where the workman is
bound to purely commercial and antiquated traditions, and
has, as a rule, neither stake in the business nor any interest
beyond his weekly wage"

17. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
C R ASHBEE MAHOGANY VENEERED ETAGÈRE
ImageSource:http://www.victorianweb.org/art/design/ashbee/3.jpg[ONLINE]

18. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
C R ASHBEE SILVER MOUNTED DECANTER
ImageSource:http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3113/3168776759_c1702917e5.jpg[ONLINE]

19. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
W R LETHABY (1857 - 1931)
Influenced by
– His Father, craftsman
and lay preacher
– Society for the
Protection of Ancient
Buildings
ImageSource:http://stoneletters.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/william-lethaby.jpg[ONLINE]

20. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
W R LETHABY BUILDING AT COLMORE ROW
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/122-124_Colmore_Row.jpg[ONLINE]

21. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
PHILIP WEBB (1857 - 1931)
Architect of the first Arts and
Crafts Building – The Red
House
ImageSource:http://www.achome.co.uk/biographies/biographies/webb.jpg[ONLINE]

22. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
PHILIP WEBB - STANDEN
House at West Sussex, England.
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Standen_Exterior.jpg[ONLINE]

23. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
PHILIP WEBB - STANDEN
House at West Sussex, England.
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Standen_Interior.jpg[ONLINE]

24. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
INFLUENCE ON USA- ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
“The idea that every country should have an architecture that
reflects its own particular history, geography and climate was
central to the Arts and Crafts movement”

25. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
INFLUENCE ON USA- DAVID B GAMBLE HOUSE
ImageSource:http://www.huntington.org/uploadedImages/Files/images/greenegamble.jpg[ONLINE]
House at West Sussex, England, Designed by Charles Sumner Greene and Henry Mather
Greene (1908)

26. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
INFLUENCE ON USA- DAVID B GAMBLE HOUSE
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gamble_Porch.jpg[ONLINE]
House at West Sussex, England, Designed by Charles Sumner Greene and Henry Mather
Greene

27. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
INFLUENCE ON USA- MILLARD HOUSE HOUSE
ImageSource:http://millardhouse.com/mhouse237/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/a_splash-2.jpg[ONLINE]
F L Wright (1932)

28. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
INFLUENCE ON USA- MILLARD HOUSE HOUSE
ImageSource:http://millardhouse.com/mhouse237/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/a_splash-1.jpg[ONLINE]
F L Wright (1923)

29. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
INFLUENCE ON USA- WAINWRIGHT BUILDING
ImageSource:http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/1883/flashcards/634705/jpg/wainwright-building.jpg[ONLINE]
Architect – Louis Sullivan (1890-91)

30. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
INFLUENCE ON USA- WAINWRIGHT BUILDING
ImageSource:http://larryspeck.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/78-710.jpg[ONLINE]
Architect – Louis Sullivan (1890-91)

31. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
INFLUENCE ON USA- WAINWRIGHT BUILDING
ImageSource:http://timothypflueger.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/wainwright-building-habs-cropped.jpg[ONLINE]
Architect – Louis Sullivan (1890-91)

32. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT & ART NOUVEAU
Rough Timeline
Arts and Crafts Movement – 1860s – 1910s
Art Nouveau – 1890s-1910s

33. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT & ART NOUVEAU
Principles
Imbibing all art forms
Art as a way of life

34. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
ART NOUVEAU DIFFERENT FROM ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT?

35. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
ART NOUVEAU DIFFERENT FROM ARTS AND CRAFTS MOVEMENT?
Use of New Materials
Protest against the traditional
“William Morris was the theoretician whose beliefs more than
those of anyone else initiated the Art Nouveau movement”

36. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
ALFRED DE MUSSET CONFESSIONS D’UN ENFANT DU SIÉCLE (1836)
Cabinet of Curiosities (1690) by Domenico Remps
“ The apartments of the rich are cabinets of curiosities: a
conglomeration of Classical Antiquity….something from every century
except our own, a predicament which has arisen in no other period….
So that we seem to be subsisting on the ruins of the past, as if the end
of the world were near”
ImageSource:
http://s3.amazonaws.com/data.tumblr.com/tumblr_l9oxk6yxws1qb0ukuo1_1280.jpg?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAI6WLSGT7Y3ET
7ADQ&Expires=1378978798&Signature=4A2LIMJlkWwMCWlKRpgdnsOSdBw%3D#_=_[ONLINE]

37. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
HEYGATE MACKMURDO (1851 – 1941) TITLE PAGE (1883)
“ Mackmurdo’D first graphic expression of Art Nouveau is generally accepted
as his title page for Wren’s City Churches, published by G Allen in 1883”
ImageSource:http://www.aiga.org/uploadedImages/AIGA/Content/Inspiration/Voice/ART_Patton_BackStart_300x368.jpg
[ONLINE]

38. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
HEYGATE MACKMURDO (1851 – 1941) CHAIR (1883)
ImageSource:http://hogd.pbworks.com/f/1254968919/Mackmurdo's%20chair.jpg[ONLINE]

39. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
MAISON DE L'ART NOUVEAU
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Siegfried_bing_exposition_20050227.JPG[ONLINE]
Opened on 1895, Paris

40. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
CHARLES RENNIE MACKINTOSH (1868 –1928 )
ImageSource:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wfm_glasgow_school_of_art.jpg[ONLINE]
Glasgow School of Art (1897)

41. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
CHARLES RENNIE MACKINTOSH (1868 –1928 )
ImageSource:http://brst440.commons.yale.edu/files/glasgow-school-of-art.jpg[ONLINE]
Glasgow School of Art (1897)

42. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
CHARLES RENNIE MACKINTOSH (1868 –1928 )
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Wfm_mackintosh_lighthouse.jpg[ONLINE]
The Lighthouse, Glasgow (1895)

43. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
CHARLES RENNIE MACKINTOSH (1868 –1928 )
ImageSource:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lighthouse_glasgow_spiral_staircase.jpg[ONLINE]
The Lighthouse, Glasgow (1895)

44. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
CHARLES RENNIE MACKINTOSH (1868 –1928 )
ImageSource:http://www.urbansuite.co.uk/images/D/charles-rennie-mackintosh-hill-house-chair-1274-1.jpg[ONLINE]
Mackintosh Chair

45. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
ANTONI GAUDÍ (1852 –1926 )
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Sagrada_Familia_01.jpg[ONLINE]
Sagrada Família (1883)

46. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
ANTONI GAUDÍ (1852 –1926 )
ImageSource:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sagrada_Familia_nave_roof_detail.jpg[ONLINE]
Sagrada Família (1883)

47. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
LOUIS SULLIVAN (1856 –1924 )
Wainwright building(1890)
ImageSource:http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/1883/flashcards/634705/jpg/wainwright-building.jpg[ONLINE]

48. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
LOUIS SULLIVAN (1856 –1924 )
Wainwright building(1890)
ImageSource:http://media.archinform.net/m/00002620.jpg[ONLINE]

49. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
VICTOR HORTA (1861 –1947 )
Tassel House (1893)
ImageSource:http://hanser.ceat.okstate.edu/6083/Horta/Tassel/Brussels-Hotel%20Tassel,%20ext.%20facade.jpg[ONLINE]

50. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
VICTOR HORTA (1861 –1947 )
Tassel House (1893)
ImageSource:
http://hanser.ceat.okstate.edu/6083/Horta/Tassel/Victor%20Horta;%20Brussels,%20Tassel%20House,%201893-
5,%20floor%20plans%20of%20restoration2.JPG[ONLINE]

51. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
VICTOR HORTA (1861 –1947 )
Tassel House (1893)
ImageSource:http://www.buamai.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/91418726_f96132ab6b_o.jpg[ONLINE]

52. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
ANTONI GAUDÍ (1852 –1926 )
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Casa_Mil%C3%A0_%28Barcelona%29_-
_5.jpg/800px-Casa_Mil%C3%A0_%28Barcelona%29_-_5.jpg[ONLINE]
Casa Milà (1907)

53. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
ANTONI GAUDÍ (1852 –1926 )
ImageSource:http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-
cR6a1iXhLIM/URP0goQXVtI/AAAAAAAAACI/iIA35t7Ysb8/s640/Casa_Mila_Rooftop.jpg[ONLINE]
Casa Milà (1907)

54. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
LOUIS SULLIVAN (1856 –1924 )
Merchants' National Bank (1914)
ImageSource:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LSGrinnell7.jpg[ONLINE]

55. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
LOUIS SULLIVAN (1856 –1924 )
Merchants' National Bank (1914)
ImageSource:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LSGrinnell3.jpg[ONLINE]

56. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
PETER BEHRENS (1868 –1940 )
AEG Turbine Factory (1908)
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/AEG_by_Peter_Behrens.jpg[ONLINE]

57. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
JOSEF HOFFMANN (1870 –1956 )
Kubus armchair(1910)
ImageSource:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Josef_Hoffmann_-_Kubus_Fauteuil_%281910%29.jpg
[ONLINE]

58. History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Arts and Crafts Movement + Art Nouveau
REFERENCE
Cumming, Elizabeth and Kaplan, Wendy. 1991. The Arts and Crafts Movement.
London : Thames and Hudson, 1991. ISBN 0-500-20248-6.
Watkin, David. 1996. A history of Western Architecture. London : Laurence
King, 1996. ISBN 1856690822.
Duncan, Alastair. 1999. Art Nouveau. London : Thames and Hudson, 1999.
ISBN 0-500-20273-7.