How much you know about mushroom?
What is fascinating about mushroom is that they are neither animal nor plants. They are the members of a larger kingdom called fungi.
Let's explore more about mushroom by going through the slides. Enjoy! =)
4. Are mushrooms plant or animal?
they are neither
animal nor plants.
They are the members of a
larger kingdomcalled
fungi. Others
members of fungi are yeast
and moulds.
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5. How many kingdom are there in this world?
Monera
4,000
species
Protoctista
80,000 species Plantae
270,000 speciesAnimalia
1,326,239 species
Fungi
72,000 species
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6. KINGDOM
STRUCTURAL
ORGANIZATION
METHOD OF
NUTRITION
TYPES OF
ORGANISMS
NAMED
SPECIES
TOTAL
SPECIES
(estimate)
Monera small, simple single prokaryotic cell (nucleus is
not enclosed by a membrane); some form
chains or mats
absorb food and/or
photosynthesize
bacteria, blue-green
algae (cyanobacteria), and
spirochetes
4,000 1,000,000
Protista large, single eukaryotic cell (nucleus is enclosed
by a membrane); some form chains or colonies
absorb, ingest, and/or
photosynthesize food
protozoans and algae of various
types
80,000 600,000
Fungi multicellular filamentous form with
specialized eukaryotic cells
absorb food funguses, molds, mushrooms,
yeasts, mildews, and smuts
72,000 1,500,000
Plantae multicellular form with
specialized eukaryotic cells; do not have their
own means of locomotion
photosynthesize food mosses, ferns, woody and non-
woody flowering plants
270,000 320,000
Animalia multicellular form with
specialized eukaryotic cells; have their own
means of locomotion
ingest food sponges, worms, insects, fish,
amphibians, reptiles, birds, and
mammals
1,326,239 9,812,298
More facts…
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8. Does mushrooms cells have cell wall?
My cell walls are made of
chitin. Chitin is
made of glucose and chitin is
primarily used as a structural
component, strengthening
exoskeletons, shells, and cell
walls of fungus.
8mokumoku.my
My hard
shells are
made of
chitintoo
Mine
too
11. Are mushroom more closely related to animal or plant?
Dude, I’m more closely
related to animals than to
plants.
I ‘inhale’ O2 for metabolism.
And ‘exhale’ CO2 as a waste
product
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15. Agarics /Amanita
95% of fatalities
resulting from mushroom
poisoning.
Amanitin – the
most potent toxin present
in these mushrooms
Amanita muscaria
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16. Boletus
Perfectly edible.
But avoid all
red-pored
boletes.
In Lithuania and Poland
Boletus is called
The King Of
Mushrooms
Boletus edulis
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17. Bracket fungus
They produce shelf- or
bracket-shaped fruiting
bodies called conks
. usually toughand
sturdy.
Trametes versicolor
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18. Chanterelle
Used in cooking. It is
yellow.
About 25% of its dry
weight is protein,
because it is a vegetable.
Chanterelles
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19. Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus species)
It is a common edible
mushroom.
It was first cultivated in
Germanyas a subsistence
measure during WorldWar
I
and is now grown
commercially around the
world for food.
Pleurotus ostreatus
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20. Jelly fungus (Agaricomycotina)
Cloud ear fungus is an edible jelly
fungus. It is gray-brown
in color and often used in
Asian cooking.
When dried, become hard and
shriveled;
when exposed to water, they
return to their original form.
Auricularia polytricha
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22. Polypore
hard, brittlemus
hroom with pores
underneath its cap.
may or may not have
a stem.
Some last so long that
they
have mossgrowing
from them.
Fomes fomentarius
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23. Psychedelic mushroom
Psilocybin causes nerve
cells giving more signals
Lead to effects
like hallucinationsor
visions.
Medical usage to
treat cluster headaches,
obsessive-compulsive disorder,
and certain kinds of depression
Psilocybe semilanceata
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24. Cup fungi / Sac fungi (ascomycota)
characterized by a
saclike structure
Sarcoscypha coccinea
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26. Stinkhorn
common
in tropical regions
.Their mushrooms are
foul-
smelling,
sticky spore masses,
or gleba, on the end of a
stalk.
Phallus impudicus Stinkmorchel
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27. Tooth fungi (Hydnoid fungi)
basidiocarps (fruit
bodies)
producing spores on
pendant,
tooth-like
or spine-like
projections.
Hericium americanum
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28. Question 1:
What is the name of the people who look for mushrooms to
eat?
Question 2:
The act of looking for mushrooms is simply called?
Getting smarter everyday!
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29. ▪ Answer for Question 1: mycophagists
▪ Answer for Question 2: mushrooming
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30. Experience growing mushrooms
at home or at the office.
You will be amazed how fast they could grow.
Use this coupon code : ILOVEBIOLOGY
for a limited time 10% discount off
our promotional packages.
www.mokumoku.my
Thank you
30
Editor's Notes
What is fascinating about mushroom is that they are neither animal nor plants.
They are the members of a larger kingdom called fungi. Others members of fungi are yeast and moulds.
kingdom - the highest taxonomic group into which organisms are grouped;
one of five biological categories: Monera or Protoctista or Plantae or Fungi or Animalia
The following are descriptions of the 5 kingdoms:KINGDOM MONERA (monerans) -
*1 cell *no true nucleus - prokaryote (genetic material scattered and not enclosed by a membrane) *some move (flagellum); others don't *some make their own food (autotrophic); others can't make their own food (heterotrophic) *examples - bacteria, blue-green bacteria (cyanobacteria)
KINGDOM PROTISTA (protists) -
*1 cell *have a true nucleus - eukaryote *some move (cilia, flagella, pseudopodia); others don't *some are autotrophic; others are heterotrophic *examples - amoeba, diatom, euglena, paramecium, some algae (unicellular), etc
KINGDOM FUNGI -
*multicellular *have nuclei *mainly do not move from place to place *heterotrophic (food is digested outside of fungus) *examples - mushroom, mold, puffball, shelf/bracket fungus, yeast, etc.
KINGDOM PLANTAE (plants) -
*multicellular *have nuclei *do not move *autotrophic *examples - multicellular algae, mosses, ferns, flowering plants (dandelions, roses, etc.), trees, etc
KINGDOM ANIMALIA (animals) -
*multicellular *have nuclei *do move *heterotrophic *examples - sponge, jellyfish, insect, fish, frog, bird, man
While plants have cell wall made of cellulose, mushrooms cells have cell wall that contain chitin.
Chitin are one of the main component that form the outer shells of crabs and shrimps.
Besides, your finger nails and hair are made of chitin too!
Genetically speaking, mushrooms are more closely related to animals than to plants. Just like us, mushrooms ‘inhale’ oxygen for metabolism and ‘exhale’ carbon dioxide as a waste product.
Genetically speaking, mushrooms are more closely related to animals than to plants. Just like us, mushrooms ‘inhale’ oxygen for metabolism and ‘exhale’ carbon dioxide as a waste product.
Genetically speaking, mushrooms are more closely related to animals than to plants. Just like us, mushrooms ‘inhale’ oxygen for metabolism and ‘exhale’ carbon dioxide as a waste product.
The genus Amanita contains about 600 species of basidiomycete mushrooms, including some of the most toxic known. It is found worldwide.
This genus is responsible for approximately 95% of the fatalities resulting from mushroom poisoning, with the death cap accounting for about 50% on its own. The most potent toxin present in these mushrooms is amanitin, of which at least eight versions are known.[1][2]
Boletus is a genus of mushroom. It has over 100 species. It is eaten in Europe, Asia and South America.
Bracket fungi, or shelf fungi, are among the many groups of fungi in the phylum Basidiomycota.[1]
They produce shelf- or bracket-shaped fruiting bodies called conks. These lie in a close group of horizontal rows. Brackets can range from only a single row of a few caps, to dozens of rows of caps that can weigh several hundred pounds. They are mainly found on trees (living and dead) and woody debris. Some form annual fruiting bodies while others are perennial and grow larger year after year. Bracket fungi are usually tough and sturdy. Their spores, called basidiospores, are in pores on the undersurface.
A chanterelle is a mushroom that is used in cooking. It is yellow. A chanterelle looks much like some other mushrooms. About 25% of its dry weight is protein, because it is a vegetable.
A chanterelle is a mushroom that is used in cooking. It is yellow. A chanterelle looks much like some other mushrooms. About 25% of its dry weight is protein, because it is a vegetable.
Jelly fungi are a paraphyletic group of several fungal orders from different classes of the subphylum Agaricomycotina.[1][2] The name comes from their form, or growth habit. Their fruiting body is foliose or irregularly branched. It looks like jelly. Actually, many are somewhat rubbery and gelatinous. When dried, jelly fungi become hard and shriveled; when exposed to water, they return to their original form.
Some jelly fungi can be eaten raw; poisonous jelly fungi are rare. However, many species have an unpalatable texture or taste. However, some species, Tremella fuciformis for example, are not only edible but prized for use in soup and vegetable dishes.
Coral fungi are mushrooms that are usually shaped like coral from the ocean but can also be shaped like forks, worms or clubs. They are rubbery and sometimes are brightly colored. Most coral fungi grow on the ground, but some grow on logs and stumps. They are usually found in forests but some can also be found in fields.
A polypore is a hard, brittle mushroom with pores underneath its cap. It usually grows on rotted logs and tree stumps but may also be found on living trees. It may or may not have a stem and sometimes has many caps growing from one stem. Some polypores last so long that they have moss growing from them.
Polypore is from Greek poly meaning "many" and pore - literally "many pores".
Psilocybin mushrooms, also known as Psychedelic mushrooms, contain the alkaloid psilocybin and other related tryptamine derivatives. Psilocybin changes certain things in the brain. This leads to the nerve cells giving more signals - generally translated to a different consciousness. This can lead to effects like hallucinations or visions. They can also be used for medical purposes to treat cluster headaches[1], obsessive-compulsive disorder,[2] and certain kinds of depression.
Some people who use them later have psychological problems.
Psilocybin can kill in extremely high doses. The LD50 of Psilocybin is 280 mg/kg for rats, this is about 1.5 times that of caffeine. In normal psychedelic mushrooms, psilocybin makes up about 1% of their weight. Therefore, nearly 1.7 kilograms of dried mushrooms, or 17 kilograms of fresh mushrooms, would be required for a 60 kg person to reach the 280 mg/kg LD50 rate of rats.
Psilocybin mushrooms have likely been used since prehistoric times and may have been depicted in rock art. Many cultures have used these mushrooms in religious rites. In modern Western society, they are used recreationally for their psychedelic effects.
Ascomycota is a phylum of fungi (kingdom Fungi), members are commonly known as the Sac Fungi, characterized by a saclike structure, the ascus, which contains four to eight ascospores in the sexual stage.
A puffball is the common name for a member of several groups of fungi in the division Basidiomycota. Puffballs include the genera of Calvatia, Calbovista and Lycoperdon.[1] All false puffballs are inedible, as they are tough and bitter to taste. The genus Scleroderma, which has a young purple gleba, should be avoided.[2]
The stinkhorns are a family of fungi, the Phallaceae. Belonging to the fungal order Phallales, the Phallaceae have a worldwide distribution, but are especially common in tropical regions. Their mushrooms are foul-smelling, sticky spore masses, or gleba, on the end of a stalk.
Their mushroom distinguishes the Phallaceae from other families in the Phalalles. The spore mass smells of carrion or dung, and attracts flies and other insects to help disperse the spores. Although a great diversity of body structure shape exists between the various genera, all species in the Phallaceae begin their development as oval or round structures known as "eggs". According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 21 genera and 77 species.[1]
The hydnoid fungi are a group of fungi in the Basidiomycota with basidiocarps (fruit bodies) producing spores on pendant, tooth-like or spine-like projections. They are colloquially called tooth fungi. Originally such fungi were referred to the genus Hydnum ("hydnoid" means Hydnum-like), but it is now known that not all hydnoid species are closely related.
