This research aimed to determine the effects of electronic cigarettes on users' health. Ten respondents, including students, vendors, salesmen and bystanders, were interviewed. The findings showed that electronic cigarettes pose health risks due to their chemical components, increasing users' risk of diseases like lung cancer and emphysema. It was concluded that electronic cigarettes cannot replace conventional cigarettes safely. The research recommended further studying electronic cigarettes' risks and potentially banning their sale if found to endanger public health.

1. ABSTRACT OF A RESEARCH
Prof. Aida M. Alfaro

2. Abstract of a Research
• An abstract is a summary of the research paper. It
is often found at the beginning of a research work
so that readers will immediately have an
overview of the entire research. It quickly gives
the reader the essence of the report.

3. Contents of an Abstract
• Research statement or statement of the problem
• Research setting, population or the
participants(number, age, course and gender) and
data gathering method
• Summary of the findings
• Conclusions
• Recommendations

4. Example 1:
This research aimed to determine the effects of
electronic cigarette to the health of the users. This is
important to a lot of smokers who are already addicted to
smoking. This research will provide the information if the
electronic cigarette is safer to use than the traditional way of
smoking.
To gather the needed data, different references were
used such as books, magazines, newspapers and the internet.
An interview with ten respondents which includes students,
vendors, salesmen and bystanders, was also done to ask their
experiences in using the EC (electronic cigarette).

5. All information gathered show that the electronic
cigarette poses more health risks on the part of the
users because of its chemical components. The users
are more prone to diseases such as lung cancer and
emphysema.
It is concluded that electronic cigarette can never
be a good replacement for the tobacco cigarette.
Thus, it is recommended that smokers should stop
using the EC but instead use the tobacco with
moderation.

6. Example 2:
This research sought to find information that
provides the causes and effects of compulsive hoarding
to the students, to identify the common things or
objects they hoard and what satisfaction do they get
from hoarding these things.
The data were obtained from different source
materials such as books, magazines, pamphlets and
from different websites. Other data were gathered
from the interviewees consisting of students, faculty
members, dormitory mates and relatives who are
known to be compulsive hoarders.

7. Information gathered show that said
respondents are merely collectors and not
hoarders. They simply love collecting items as
a hobby. They find enjoyment when they see
them properly arranged and on display to the
eyes delight.
Therefore, collectors should not be
mistaken to be hoarders. Also, it is not an
abnormality when there are people who
collect a miscellaneous of things.

8. Writing Summary, Conclusions and
Recommendations• The summary is the condensed version of the
main points highlighted in the research. Hence,
the verbs in the past tense are required. It
includes a synopsis of the following:
1. Objectives of the study
2. The subjects who served as respondents
3. The research instrument such as the
interview

9. Summary
• The research aimed to determine the effects of electronic cigarette to the
health of the users.
Specifically, the study sought to answer the following problems:
1. What are the general features of the electronic cigarette that
create the impression that it is safer to use it than the tobacco
cigarette?
2. What are its components that pose health risks to
smokers?
3. What is the general observation of those who used the
electronic cigarette?
4. What is the personal assessment of the users in terms of the
satisfaction they get from using the EC than using the TC?

10. The respondents of the research consisted of
three groups: six students, a vendor and a
salesman and two bystanders/shoppers.
The interview served as the main instrument
in validating the claim that electronic cigarette
poses health risks to smokers.

11. Findings/Conclusions
• From the analysis of data, the findings were as
follows:
1. The general features of the electronic
cigarette as described by the salesmen and
vendors were not a guarantee to keep the
smokers free from getting lung cancer or
emphysema.

12. 3. The general observation of the users when
they started using the electronic cigarette
includes the difficulty in breathing, lost
appetite…
4. Their general impression is that tobacco
cigarette is better than the electronic
cigarette.

13. Recommendations
From the findings and conclusions of the
research, the following recommendations are
hereby given:
– Conduct a thorough research on the potential
risks of electronic cigarette to the new users or
smokers.
– Consolidate all findings and if found really
dangerous to people’s health, ask the government
to ban the selling of electronic cigarette.