biobutanol is an advanced biofuel, it has better properties than ethanol and gasoline .it can be transported via existing pipelines and can be used in current engines. ethanol plants can be easily converted to biobutanol plants.

1. BIOBUTANOL-
AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL
GUIDED BY PRESENTED BY
Dr GIRIDHAR R. NAIR ANJANA S. NAIR
Roll No:7102

2. CONTENTS
 What is a Biofuel ??
 Bioethanol
 Biodiesel
 Introduction to biobutanol
 Strains and substrate used and corresponding yields
 Genetic engineering in biobutanol production
 Bioreactors for biobutanol production
 Bioseparation
 Biobutanol production and major challenges
 Conclusion
 Recommendations
 Reference

3. What is a BIOFUEL??
 Type of energy derived from renewable plant and animal
material
 Burns cleanly
 Commonly used biofuels:-
 Ethanol
 Biodiesel
 Biobutanol

4. BIOETHANOL
 Alcohol
 Commonly made from corn or sugarcane
 Used as an engine fuel

5. BIOETHANOL
ADVANTAGES
 Can be blended with other fossil fuels
 Reduces greenhouse gases
 Biodegradable
DISADVANTAGES
 Needs large amount of land to produce biomass
 More than 10% ethanol content is not compatible

6. BIODIESEL
 A substitute for diesel fuel
 Commonly made from soybeans, based on oil
 Used in trucks, diesel cars, etc.

7. BIODIESEL
ADVANTAGES
 Performs just like normal diesel
 Causes less air pollution and is biodegradable.
 Does not contain sulphur
 Produces 78% less carbon dioxide than diesel
DISADVANTAGES
 More expensive than diesel
 Attracts moisture

8. BIOFUELS
BIOETHANOL
BIOGAS
BIODIESELBIOBUTANOL

9. INTRODUCTION TO BIOBUTANOL
 Second generation alcoholic fuel
 Has higher
> energy density
> polarity
> combustion value
> octane rating
 Less corrosive
 Less volatile

10. INTRODUCTION TO BIOBUTANOL
 Produced by fermentation
 Cost depends on the price of feed stock
 Cheaper sources are agricultural wastes, cheese whey, etc.
 Separation by distillation

11. INTRODUCTION TO BIOBUTANOL
PRODUCTION DIFFICULTIES
 Product Inhibition
 Anaerobic fermentation
 Formation of azeotrops during separation

12. PROPERTIES OF BIOBUTANOL
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 1-Butanol,Butyl alcohol, Butyl hydroxide,
Methylopropane, propylcarbinol
IUPAC NAME Butan-1-ol
MOLECULAR FORMULA C4H10O
MOLAR MASS 74.122 g / mol
DENSITY 0.8098 g/cm3
VISCOSITY -89.5oC
BOILING POINT 117.7oC
FLASH POINT 35OC

13. ADVANTAGES OF BIOBUTANOL
 Can be blended with gasoline in higher amounts
 Can be transported via existing infrastructure
 Can be produced using same fermentation plants and
same sugar and cellulosic feedstock as ethanol
 Has a higher theoretical yield than glucose or other
glucose equivalents

14. ADVANTAGES OF BIOBUTANOL
 Enhanced tolerance to water contamination
 Better fuel economy due to higher energy density
 Oxygenated fuels can reduce HC- and CO-emissions
because of improved combustion efficiency

15. DIFFERENT STRAINS AND SUBSTRATE
USED AND CORRESPONDING YIELDS
MICROORGANISM SUBSTRATE YIELD
 C. acetobutylicum Cheese whey 15% for 0.54 h-1
dilution
Cassava bagasse 32% ,76.4 g.l-1
 C. beijerinckii Corn Stover 43%,18.04 g.l-1
of total solvent
Glucose 17.54 g.l-1 butanol

16. MICROORGANISMS SUBSTRATE YIELD
C. sporogenes
Rice straw 3.49 g.l-1 butanol,
5.32 g. l -1 total
solvent
C. pasteurianum
Glycerol 8.8 g.l-1
DIFFERENT STRAINS AND SUBSTRATE
USED AND CORRESPONDING YIELDS

17. METABOLISM OF CLOSTRIDIA STRAIN
 Acidogenesis
- substrate acids
 Solventogenesis
-substrates & acid solvents

18. GENETIC ENGINEERING IN
BIOBUTANOL PRODUCTION
Modified strains
Inserting over expressing genes
Introducing genes of C. acetobutylicum
into E. coli and yeast

19. BIOREACTORS FOR BIOBUTANOL
PRODUCTION
 Anaerobic bioreactors.
 Operations for production can be accomplished in
> batch
> fed-batch
> continuous modes
 Continuous packed bed reactors can be used.
 Batch reactor is preferred.

20. Source
Reactor
Clostridium
Biobutanol
BIOREACTORS

21. BIOSEPERATION
 Mainly by distillation
 Continuous recovery by
 Adsorption
 Gas stripping
 Liquid-liquid interaction
 Flash fermentation

22. BIOSEPERATION- FLOW CHART

23. PRODUCTION – FLOW CHART

24. BIOBUTANOL PRODUCERS
 BUTAMAXTM
 CATHAY
 COBALT TECHNOLOGIES

27. MAJOR CHALLENGES FOR
BIOBUTANOL
 Low butanol concentration
 Product inhibition
 Expensive

28. CONCLUSION
 An advanced biofuel
 Has many advantages
 Still there are problems to rectify
 Commercially produced in Europe and North America
 Asia Pacific and rest of the world is still depending on
conventional fossil fuels

29.  Energy crisis afflicted country like India can produce biobutanol
commercially
 Can be produced from banana peel, bamboo, waste paper,
vegetable skins, etc.
 Aerobic fermentation using TU- 103 , a clostridium sp.
RECOMMENDATIONS

30. REFERENCES
1. Luiz J Visioli, Heveline Enzweiler, Raquel C Kuhn, Marcio Schwaab and Marcio
A Mazutti: Recent advances on biobutanol production, 2014; 2:15, 97105-
900.
2. Durre P. Biobutanol: an attractive biofuel. Biotechnol J. 2007;2:1525-34.
3. Kumar M, Gayen K: Developments in biobutanol production: New insights.
Appl Energ 2011, 88:1999–2012.
4. Chen WH, Chen YC, Lin JG: Evaluation of biobutanol production from non-
pretreated rice straw hydrolysate under non-sterile environmental conditions.
Bioresour Technol 2013, 135:262–268.

31. THANK YOU