3. Routing is a process of selecting best paths in a
network.
Routing process directs forwarding(packet) on
the basis of routing tables which maintain the
record of the routes to various network
destinations.
Routing is performed in different kinds of
networks like telephone network, electronic
data network(such as internet).
4. 1. Reactive protocol(on demand)
- Discover routes when needed.
- Source initiated route discovery.
2. Proactive protocol
- Traditional shortest path protocols
- Based on periodic updates.
5.
6. There are two types of wireless networks-
1. Network with fixed infrastructure
2. Ad-hoc wireless networks
7. A reactive routing protocol AODV uses
traditional routing tables, one entry per
destination and sequence numbers are used to
determine whether routing information is up-
to-date and to prevent routing loops. Source
broadcasts a route request which contains
source IP address and destination IP address.
Each node forwards packets depending upon
the IP address.
8. In AODV routing protocol, there are control
messages used for discovery and breakage of
routes-
1. RREQ
2. RREP
3. RERR
4. HELLO Message
9.
10. The key distinguishing feature of DSR is
the use of source routing. That is, the sender
knows the complete hop-by-hop route to
the destination. These routes are stored in a
route cache. The data packets carry the
source route in the packet header. When a
node in the ad hoc network attempts to
send a data packet to a destination for
which it does not already know the route, it
uses a route discovery process to
dynamically determine such a route.
11. DSR protocol is divided into two mechanisms
which show the basic operation of DSR.
The two mechanisms are:
1. Route Discovery
2. Route Maintenance
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18. PROTOCOLS DROPPED RECEIVED JITTER THROUGHPUT
AODV Highest
packet drop
Most
consistency
Average
performance
Most
consistency
DSR Least packet
drop
Least
consistency
Low
performance
Average
consistency
