talk about the sugar in blood and how it is arranged in blood

1. Objectives
• Explain what is meant by the term
endocrine gland.
• Describe the cellular structure of an islet of
Langerhans from the pancreas.
• Outline the role of the pancreas as an
endocrine gland.

3. http://www-medlib.med.utah.edu/WebPath/ENDOHTML/ENDO032.html
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4. Pancreas
• Exocrine Gland: a gland that secretes
externally through a duct
• Endocrine Gland: a gland that secretes
hormones into the bloodstream.

5. Pancreas
• The pancreas has an exocrine portion
that secretes digestive enzymes that
are carried through a duct to the
duodenum. The endocrine portion
consists of the pancreatic islets,
which secrete glucagons and insulin.

6. Objectives
• Explain how the blood glucose
concentration is regulated by negative
feedback control mechanisms, with
reference to insulin and glucagon.
• Discuss the importance of homeostasis in
mammals, and explain the principles of
homeostasis in terms of receptors,
effectors and negative feedback.

12. Hormones
• Most hormones circulate in blood, coming
into contact with essentially all cells.
However, a given hormone usually affects
only a limited number of cells, which are
called target cells. A target cell responds
to a hormone because it bears receptors
for the hormone.
• The effector is usually an organ.

13. Objectives
• Explain the advantages of treating
diabetics with human insulin produced by
genetic engineering.