2. What are domesticated
animals?
Animals bred and
managed for human
use.
Over 50 species have
been domesticated
Examples:
Sheep
Cattle
Chicken
Honey bees
Silkworms
Shellfish
Pigs
3. What animal foods come from
water?
Fish & shellfish
Many countries can’t
maintain cattle so fish
are a good source of
protein.
Most commercial fish
species are suffering
from overharvesting.
Catching or removing
more organisms than
the population can
replace
4. What can be done to prevent
overharvesting?
Create no-fishing
zones (marine
preserves) so
populations can
recover.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Services puts limits
on
# of fish caught
Size of fish caught
Gender of fish
(sometimes)
5. What is aquaculture?
Raising fish or
shellfish for human
use or consumption.
China is leader in
aquaculture of
freshwater fish.
23% of all seafood
comes from
aquaculture
worldwide
6. What are some aquaculture
methods?
Oyster farm:
Oysters are submerged in
cages to keep predators
out.
Fish farm:
Several large pools
house fish at different
stages of growth. Fish
are harvested & sold at
appropriate age.
Ranch:
Fish are raised until they
are a certain size and
then released into the
wild where they will be
later harvested by
7. What are the problems with
aquaculture?
Masses of fish create
large amounts of
waste which must be
disposed of & can
cause pollution.
Uses & wastes lots of
water
Damages wetlands
when aquaculture
operations are built
there.
8. What animal foods come from
land?
Livestock- domesticated
animals that are raised
on a farm or ranch and
sold for profit
Used for:
Meat
Leather
Eggs
Wool
Manure- fertilizer or fuel
source (developing
countries)
Draft animals- Pull
plows/carts (developing
countries)
9. What are the major types of
livestock?
Ruminants
Cattle, sheep, goats
Cud-chewing animals
Regurgitate food and
rechew it a few times to
mechanically digest the
vegetation.
Have 3-4 chambered
stomachs with
specialized bacteria
that help them break
down the cellulose in
the plant matter that
they eat.
10. What are the major types of
livestock?
Cattle
Most common ruminant livestock.
Most cows in US raised in CAFO-
concentrated animal feeding
operation (aka feedlot)
Because animals are cramped
and wade in their own feces they
are given antibiotics to prevent
infections.
Scientists worry this overuse of
antibiotics may be creating
resistance in bacteria.
Not always used for meat
Hindus consider cows sacred and
use them for milk, manure, and as
draft animals
Masai tribe in Africa only drink milk
or blood of cow.
11. What are the major types of
livestock?
Poultry
Domesticated birds raised
for meat or eggs
Chickens, turkey, ducks,
geese
Population of chickens has
increased by 320% since
1961!
Poultry also raised in CAFO
type environment.
Birds are fed artificial
hormones to make them
“beef up” faster so they can
be harvested quicker.
Chicken breasts so large
their legs cannot support the
unnatural weight.
12. You should be able to…
Explain why the percentage of seafood
produced by aquaculture is increasing so
rapidly.
Explain how overharvesting affects the supply
of fish such as salmon.
Describe the importance of livestock to
cultures that consume no meat.
