Dhiraj seminar # power system automation

1. Power System Automation
Prepared by-
Dhiraj M. Bhalerao
B. E. Electrical
Roll no.- 02

2. Index
1. Introduction
2. SCADA
3. Components of SCADA
4. Process of SCADA in Power system
5. Advantages
6. Disadvantages
7. Applications
8. Conclusion

3. Introduction-
 Electrical power system-
Generation system – Generation of electricity by different sources
Transmission system -Generating station & Distribution substation are
connected by transmission system
Distribution – connects all transmission lines to load

4. What Is Power System Automation
 Electric protection
 Control
 Measurement
 Monitoring

5. SCADA
 Supervisory
 Control
 And
 Data
 Acquisition

6. Components Of SCADA
1. Instrument transformer
2. Transducer
3. Relay
4. RTU
5. Meter
6. Digital fault recorder
7. PLC
8. HMI

7. Instrument Transformer
 Instrument transformers are used to
sense power system current and voltage values.
They are physically connected to power system
apparatus and convert the actual power system
signals ,which include high voltage and
current magnitudes, down to lower signal levels
 CT
 PT

8. Transducers
 Transducer is device which sense the changes in
power system parameter like voltage, load current,
reactive power, real power and status of circuit
breaker, isolator and when converted in suitable form
,which is useful for further process
 Types-
1. Analog
2. Digital

9. Relay
 A protective relay is an IED designed to sense power system disturbances
and automatically perform control actions on the I&C system and the
power system to protect personnel and equipment.
 Relays create metering information, collect system status information, and
store historical records of power system operation.

10. Remote Terminal Unit (RTU)
 RTU is a microprocessor-controlled electronic device
that interfaces transducer & MTU by
transmitting telemetry data to a master system, and by
using messages from the master supervisory system to
control connected objects. Another term that may be
used for RTU is remote tele-control unit.
 Unit of RTU-
1) AE (analog input card),
2) DE (digital input card)

11. Meter
A meter is an IED that is used to create accurate
measurements of power system current, voltage, and
power values. Metering values such as demand and
peak are saved within the meter to create historical
information about the activity of the power system

12. Digital Fault Recorder
 A digital fault recorder (DFR), is an IED
that records information about power
system disturbances.
 It is capable of storing data in a digital
format when triggered by conditions
detected on the power system.
Harmonics, frequency, and voltage
are examples of data captured by
DFRs.

13. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
 For protection, control and metering
Logical operations are made by using switches
 PLC performs the logical operations and displayed the
operation on computer screen

14. Human Machine Interface
 Human Machine Interface commonly known as HMI are
deployed for control and visualization interface
between a human and a process, machine, application
and appliance. Increasingly, HMIs are becoming an
integral part of Factory Automation.

15. Advantages
 Efficient with less manpower
 Flexible, Simple, Reliable
 Self Checking
 Portable

16. Disadvantages-
 Lack of train personal
 Initial cost is high

17. Applications -
 Smart Grid-
A smart grid is a modernized electrical grid that uses analogue or digital
information and communications technology to gather and act on
information, such as information about the behaviours of suppliers and
consumers, in an automated fashion to improve the efficiency, reliability,
economics, and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity.

18.  Smart Meter –
A smart meter is usually an electronic device that records
consumption of electric energy in intervals of an hour or less
and communicates that information at least daily back to the
utility for monitoring and billing.

19.  Automatic Generation Control
In an electric power system, automatic generation control (AGC) is
a system for adjusting the power output of multiple generators at
different power plants, in response to changes in the load.

20. Conclusion-
 The government of India has decided to integrate all
the state power utilities. Unified load dispatch Centre
has to be build. So automation has lot more advantages
as it increases efficiency and increase standardization.

21. Any Questions

22. References
 1. J. B. Gupta, Electrical power system, SK publications, part II ,Jan 2013
 2. Gaur & Gaur, Automation in power distribution system: Present status,
 E-ISSN0976-7916, 2012
 3. Jason stamp & Michel Berg, Reference Model for Control and Automation
Systems in Electrical Power, vol., 10 oct. 2005
 4. National communication system, Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
(SCADA) systems, Tech. info. Bulletin, Vol. NCS TIB 04-1, Oct 2004
 5. Power system automation, NPTEL, Dept. of elect engg., page no. 1-16, Sept.
2015
 6. Shabnam Rukhsar, SCADA in Transmission Line, IOSR Journal of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering, e-ISSN: 2278-1676, p-ISSN: 2320-3331,Page no. 67 to
71,2014
 7. http://www.iosrjournals.org