In Considering The Process Of Change In The Relationship...

In considering the process of change in the relationship...
In considering the process of change in the relationship between Ireland and Great Britain between 1801 and 1921, how far can the 1886 Home Rule
Bill be seen as a key turning point?
In 1815 Ireland was part of the union though by 1921 it was partitioned. The years in between saw group and individual efforts in trying to change the
relationship between Ireland and Great Britain. Parnell's campaign for Home Rule is seen as a key turning point that potentially was the most important
kick starting change within the union.
1886 was undoubtedly a turning point as it gave hope for 'both a just and feasible solution to the problem of the Irish government'. In 1886 the Liberal
Party Prime Minister of the UK, William Gladstone, decided that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When O'Connell won the Country Clare election in 1828 it seemed impossible for there to be no change of the rules within parliament. The Roman
Catholic Emancipation Act was passed in 1829 due overall support in the House of Commons and it could be said that this led to positive change for
Irish Nationalism. Many opportunities were sprung open by this act, especially for the middle class, in political and professional jobs in particular.
Also, O'Connell teamed up with the Whigs and managed to pass a number of acts such as the Irish Church Act, which could also have been seen to
help. O'Connell's success also seemed to forge a link between Irish nationalism and Catholicism. All of these things seem to suggest that 1829 was a
turning point for Irish nationalism.
However O'Connell's hopes that emancipation would lead to repeal did not materialise. The Act has succeeded in its intention to keep the union intact.
The middle class gained most from it and became content. They did not support the repeal campaign, and was a reason for its failure and furthermore,
there was no support in parliament for repeal of the union. There has at least been serious consideration of change in the union in 1886.
By the end of the repeal campaign O'Connell was receiving criticism from more extreme groups such as Young Ireland. The Great Famine was a key
event in changing the relationship between Great Britain and
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The 1937 Constitution
Introduction
I propose to discuss in this paper the evolution of the 1922 Constitution followed by 1937 Constitution. I will briefly outline the political structure that
was present at the time of the enactment of both constitutions. This essay will then outline the main areas of difference between the 1922 and 1937
Constitutions and highlight the major influence that Eamon De Valera had on the creation of Bunreacht Na hEireann. I believe the main areas of
difference between the 1922 and 1937 Constitution were the religious beliefs, the powers of State and the fundamental rights.
Political background
On Easter Monday, 24th April 1916 the Easter Rising broke out. This was a Rebellion of the Irish Nationalist against the rule of Great Britain. This
rebellion marked the beginning of Ireland gaining their Independence. Another attempt to gaining Independence of Ireland took place in 1919 when the
IRA fought the British Army in the war of independence which lasted over 2 and a half years and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A difference in both the constitutions is the replacement of the Governor General by The President of Ireland. This shows the elimination of British
influence in Irish politics. Another major change was that the Prime Minister is now known as the Taoiseach and that the government of Ireland takes
on the role formerly known as the executive council of the Irish Free State. From a fundamental right prospective the 1937 Constitution is deemed to
be superior to any other source of law and regards to making laws there is very little difference between both the 1937 and 1922

Native Americans And The New Discovered Land By The...
Neil Mendez
History 15A Section 10
October 21, 2014
I.Introduction:
a.In the 1400s to the 1800s, English and European colonizers wanted to explore the world. They traveled and went west, where they discovered
America. They found valuable resources which blossomed new opportunities for people to extract them. They used indigenous people and imported
slaves to help the colonizers extract these rich resources.
b.THESIS: The extracting of the resources at the new discovered land by the indigenous people and slaves was immoral because they poorly abused
and degraded them for the gain of the colonist.
II.Body:
a.From the 1400s and 1620 the Spanish and Portuguese's treated the Native Americans and slaves inhumanly. They had no respect them and didn't see
them as people. The French respected the Native Americans as allies, however they mistreated the slaves.
i.In North America, the Anasazi tribe was on of the major culture groups. They were exceptional engineers because they made pueblos, a community
like house. The Anasazi were also very religious people. However only men were allowed to worship in Kivas, a room used for ceremonial purposes.
They also had an advanced political and economic system at their time. When comparing to the Europeans, both groups had similar hierarchy levels
and religious rules by how most were male oriented. In Central America, one of the major cultures was the Andean civilization. They had a huge
population of 20 million. They were a advanced

Jonathan Swift Poetry Analysis
In the early twentieth century Ireland two poets were well known for their radicals views of the country. Theirs names were Antoine Raftery and
Jonathan Swift. Raftery was a blind man that was able to get by from traveling and singing or telling stories about Ireland. A lot of his tales were
based on how beautiful all the nature was and how connected the people were to it. He makes this point because of the hard times in Ireland due to the
French rule. The French did not care about how poor the majority of Ireland was. Swift is another poet of the time who was more focused on
bringing forward the idea to rebel against the French. He would not come right out and say this in his work but would instead suggest different points
of action like in his poem A Modest Proposal. Their work did not have a great effect until later when a poet by the name William Butler Yeats, based his
poem Cathleen ni Houlihan, off of their inspiration. In Rafterty's poem County Mayo he talks about the land of plenty. This is the town where he
was born and can remember how it was before the French took control. Being a poor, blind, old man he would ask to stay with people and in
exchange he would tell his stories. He was almost always on the move so many people heard of his tales and he became well known. The people he
would stay with were the common people, often poor farmers who loved to hear about the natural beauty of Ireland. In his stories he would tell of the
land of plenty and how it was now

English Pope Adrian IV
first settled between 8000–6000 BC by hunter–gatherers
Gaels took over around 600–150 BC at time of Christ, the island is divided into 5 kingdoms. by 700 AD – 7 kingdoms. 7 kingdoms raided Roman
Great Britain and the mainland and during one raid, the future St. Patrick is captured. St. Patrick, patron of ireland, is known for converting the irish to
christianity. in 853, Danes invaded and settled the island. most assimilated and adopted christianity
4 provinces of Christianity formed in 1152 taking influence from Gaelic and Danish elements to unify the Church
English Pope Adrian IV disapproves of this and other reforms proposed by the Irish church
To solve the problems of divide over the Irish Church, Adrian IV convenes with Henry II ofEngland and gives the lordship of ... Show more content on
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Some assimilated with the local population, conflict still continues between the two populations. A law is created in 1367 to keep the populations
separate.
In 1495, English law is applied to Ireland and Henry VIII took supremacy over the existing Irish parliament. Under the rule of Henry VIII, the Irish
church is also separated from the Papacy like the Anglican Church. This further inflamed the Irish over English rule.
By 1558, the start of Elizabeth I's rule, Roman Catholicism is associated with the Irish struggle against England and the Irish refused English reform of
the Church.
In the 1560s, an Irish revolt is suppressed and all land is resettled with Englishmen. By 1660, the English are well settled in Ireland and English law is
standard.
During the reign of James I (1603–1625), Catholic schools are closed and children were taught in Protesant schools. The traditional groups (Irish,
Anglo–Irish, and English were focused to Catholic and Protestant alignments despite most of Ireland remaining Catholic. As a result, a large emigration
movement is

The Effectiveness of Irish Catholic and Nationalist...
The Effectiveness of Irish Catholic and Nationalist Leaders in Advancing Their Cause in the Years 1801 and On
The Act Of Union in 1800 meant there was no longer any Irish institution capable of advancing either an Irish nationalist or catholic cause. As a result
the advancement of those causes depended on influencing the British Government directly. The catholic cause initially focused on securing
emancipation for the catholic population and aimed to improve the lives and rights of Catholics throughout the period. The nationalist cause fought for
greater Irish autonomy with full independence as its greater aim. In evaluating the effectiveness of the Irish leaders Daniel O'Connell, Charles Stuart ...
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Whereas O'Connell was satisfied in 1829 it seems Parnell wanted greater reform. Parnell was able to wield more power within parliament than
O'Connell due to the weak governments of the time. In 1885 the IPP held the balance of power, which allowed Parnell to use his political skill to
earn the prospect of home rule. The fact that both the Conservative and Liberal parties had promised a Home Rule Bill shows the power Parnell held
and the possibility that existed for real, more attainable changes in Ireland. The passing of The Ashbourne Act as a statement of Conservative will
demonstrates this. It can be argued that the Home Rule Bill was an achievement in itself and opened Westminster to the possibility of home rule. I do
not believe the break–up of the Liberal party was a disaster for Irish nationalist hopes of home rule as Gladstone was able to attempt a second bill in
1892. Though it was unwise for Parnell to attempt such a bill at the time particularly as he was not involved in its inception. Alan O'Day explains how
Gladstone 'took few of his colleagues or Parnell into confidence about the details of the bill' and how it contained a great many negative provisions.
Following Parnell's infamous home rule attempt no other leader of the IPP emerged as such an

The Republic Of Ireland And The United Kingdom
The Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom
An Analysis of Governments, Politics, and Society in the Region
Conall P. MacKenzie
FP230 Short Paper
LCDR Rachael Gosnell
24SEP2015
Western Europe has grown exponentially since the colonial period, and the emergence of theRepublic of Ireland and a unified United Kingdom has
clearly shown that Europe's boarders are constantly changing. Each nation has evolved in its own ways over the course of its existence, but both
show many similarities that are highly visible in governing styles, political parties, and the societies themselves. These differences are what separate
the two states from one another. Since Ireland received independence from Great Britain in 1922, its governmental processes and political parties
have changed entirely from what they were before, thus causing a massive shift of the public view of Ireland, and the United Kingdom from the
early 20th century to present day. Now, it is readily apparent that even though they are incredibly different countries both are successful and in no
worry of becoming a failed state. However, there are dissimilarities between the governing styles as well as the types of party platforms in each
region that have aided their successes. Ireland was not always its own country. For a long period, it fell under the jurisdiction of Great Britain.
Throughout the early 20th century, Ireland looked to secede from Great Britain, leading to its eventual success in the act by

Irish Republican Army Essay
Irish independence has been fought for a long time ever since the British occupied Ireland in 1172. The King of England invaded and controlled
Ireland. The invasion led to religious and territorial conflicts. There was an effort to create a church comparable to the Church of England in the
1500s. Catholics who live in Ireland were against the idea and a conflict for independence has emerged (Arena & Arrigo, 2004). The suppression of
Irish nationalism by the British in the 20th century led to the creation of martyrs for the cause led by the Irish Republican Army (Combs, 2011).
The alleged origin of the Irish Republican Army could be traced back to the Easter Rising of 1916 (Alonso, 2001; Arena & Arrigo, 2004;
Filardo–Llamas, 2013; Hart, 1997; Page & Smith, 2000). Radical nationalists, who were part of a group called the Irish Republican Brotherhood
(IRB), took the opportunity to take up arms against the British during the war in Europe (Filardo–Llamas, 2013). The Irish Republican Brotherhood
was the precursor of the modern IRA. They were a secret society who was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The campaign had ultimately led to the creation of the Act of Ireland of 1920. This created a twenty–six county Irish Free State and six counties in
Northern Ireland (Filardo–Llamas, 2013; White, 1989). This act also allowed Northern Ireland to choose whether or not to stay with Britain or become
part of the Free State. Northern Ireland ultimately decided to stay with the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland created its own parliament in
Stormont in Belfast (Bosi, 2012; Filardo–Llamas, 2013). The Free State was mostly inhabited by Catholics while Northern Ireland was populated
mostly by Protestants (White, 1989). But the road to have a Free State did come at a price. Over 7,500 people lost their lives or were wounded
between 1917 and 1923. Many lost their homes, family and friends (Hart,

Historical Archaeology Of The 19th Century
During swift's time, there had been long, expensive wars between King James and who would later be referred to as king William in Ireland. After
the defeat of King James laws were passed that made it so that Catholics could not hold positions of power, own land or event vote. And Presbyterians
could own land but could not vote. The land that could not longer be owned by the Catholics
The defeat of James ' forces by his Protestant son–in–law, William of Orange,Ireland had become a Protestant–dominated country by the end of the
seventeenth century, with political power firmly in the hands of the island 's landowning Protestant Ascendancy, a class that experienced its great
affluence and influence during the eighteenth century.
Jr., Charles E. Orser, and Colm J. Donnelly. "Historical Archaeology in Ireland." Encyclopedia of Archaeology, edited by Deborah M. Pearsall, Elsevier
Science & Technology, 2008. Credo Reference, http://ezproxy.ardc.talonline.ca/login?url=http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/estarch
/historical_archaeology_in_ireland/0. Accessed 26 Nov 2016.
A Modest Proposal (1729) consummately maintains the reasoned voice of a promoter of social improvement who would ameliorate the poverty and
hunger in Ireland by the most economic and expedient of means: selling the babies of the poor as food at the markets. The official tone enables Swift
to quantify and demonstrate the degradation of Ireland, while the pose of a shared "humane" concern entraps the

Essay on The Easter Uprising of 1916
The Easter Uprising of 1916
The Easter Uprising of 1916 was an event that happened at the tail end of a long list of events that would forever change Ireland. The Uprising or
Rising, as some call it, took place mostly in Dublin but was felt throughout Ireland. The point was to gain independence from Great Britain who had
ruled Ireland for the past couple hundred years. At the turn of the 19th century England believed that Ireland had too much independence and made the
Act of Union. "The result was the Act of Union of 1801: the Irish parliament voted itself out of existence and England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales
were formally politically unified for the first time" (Hegarty 2). Around the time of the First World War, Ireland began... Show more content on
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The Irish were promised the Home Rule Act, but it was taken away at the start of the Ester Uprising. "This modest promise was swept away the
Easter Uprising of 1916, when a small band of rebels paralyzed the city and the Irish Republic was proclaimed from the steps of the GPO" (Hegarty).
Padhraic Pearse led about 2000 people into the Easter Revolution, only a small fraction of the people that had lived in Dublin at the time. Most of the
Irish were involved in World War I. "They had little support– many Irish volunteers had joined the war effort and the rebels were perceived to be
traitors to the great cause" (Hegarty). It would take more violence and rebellion against the British to bring attention to their cause both locally and
abroad.
The Easter Rising led to the arrests of approximately 3500 people. Although more than half were released after they were questioned; many received
unfair trials or no trial at all. When the news broke to the Irish public about the treatment of the rebels, they also found out that there were 15 fifteen
secret executions, of the leaders of the Uprising. The tables began to turn away from the War to the aid of the rebels as the truth came out. "The seven
signatories of the proclamation of independence ( Pearse, Connolly, Clarke, MacDonagh, MacDermott, Plunkett, and Ceannt) were all executed to the
outrage of the Irish

Irish Republican Army: B Specials Analysis
In response to the Irish republican Army, what is now Northern Ireland established the Ulster Special Constabulary or "B Specials". Starting in 1920,
the Ulster Special Constabulary (USC) played a significant role in the unification and eventual founding of Northern Ireland. With a combination of
various groups ranging from illegal to legal actions, the formation of Northern Ireland was shaped to have a unique and violent history until 21st
century. Constantly looked at as the "Ulster problem" by all those around, policies and actions made by the North and the USC were greatly influenced
by the attitudes surrounding this new nation. The Ulster Special Constabulary (USC) was a paramilitary group responsible for riots and killings
towards the

Manifest Destiny Case Study
On July 1st, 1867 the colonies of British North America joined together in an act of Confederation, in an effort to resist mounting pressure from both
inside and outside the region, including pressure from the USA and Great Britain, and from social and economic problems inside the colonies. The
influence exerted from the US after the Civil war, including their desire to expand their country, coupled with raids from external groups and internal
problems with trade and transportation influenced the colonies to form together as one country.
Manifest Destiny was a term that originated during the 1840's. "It expressed the belief that it was Anglo–Saxon Americans' providential mission to
expand their civilization and institutions across the breadth of North America"(History.com Staff, 2010, p. 2). Manifest Destiny and the attitude that
generated it helped to fuel western settlement, the war on mexico and the removal and displacement of Native Americans (History.com Staff, 2010).
Colonists were afraid that the US would ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The agreement was first signed in 1864. The treaty was at first popular with both countries, but fell out of favor by both countries later on Masters,
D., 2013. Canada was afraid their colonies would be swallowed by the US, and americans, particularly in the south, were afraid that a merger of
some sort would increase the power of the northern states Masters, D., 2013. The treaty was abolished by the US on March 17th, 1866. The loss of
the treaty and increased duties and tariffs increased support for Confederation. (Masters, D., 2013) Without trade to the USA, the colonies needed a
way to trade with themselves. An inter–continental railway would allow for increased trade, and it would make the colonies stronger. And
Confederation would allow the colonies to split the cost and unite together (Baird, Z.,

How Significant Were the Nationalist Leaders in Changing...
How significant were the nationalist leaders in changing the relationship between Great Britain and Ireland in the period 1815–1922?
Robert Pearce cites the work of 'outstanding nationalist leaders joining together to oppose the tyranny of England and compelling her to retreat and
abandon most of Ireland'. Whilst O'Connell campaigned for the emancipation of Catholics, uniting them and bringing about political advancement, his
significance is questionable; after 1840 he had failed to bring about repeal. In comparison Parnell finally made the image of Home Rule a realistic
possibility and Collins who ultimately brought about negotiations of the Anglo–Irish treaty; effectively leading Ireland to freedom. In assessing the
significance of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore we must consider that there are other aspects such as the Famine that were significant and contributed to the changing of the Irish–British
relationship.
On the other hand, it was nationalist leader Parnell who 'brought about the whole issue of Home Rule to the forefront of British politics' and laid the
foundations for a change in British–Irish relations. Parnell's astute ability to manipulate the Irish public allowed him to unite the various shades of Irish
nationalism together and unite them under one movement; the New Departure. This united movement posed a direct threat and 'allowed him to exert
extreme pressure on the British government'. By 1879 Parnell had become president of the Land League and had forged and maintained crucial
relations with America. The American–Irish relations were heavily responsible for funding the Land League, which was crucial to Parnell's
persuading of Gladstone to pass the Land Acts of 1881 which granted the 3Fs, fair rent, free sale and fixity of tenure. The formation of Parnell's
'disciplined, pledge bound party' ensured the issues of Ireland would be present in British politics; as no british government was singularly strong
enough to govern without the support of the Irish with the IPP increasing their number of MPs from 63 to 85. Tweedie even goes as far to suggest the
results of the general election clinched

The Role Of Colonialism During The Emergence Of Black And...
The role of colonialism in the creation of an inherent Brown and Black criminality and the ways in which the early emergence of Black and Brown as
a construct occurred by the creation of laws that incriminated them and the egregious discourse against them that resulted in racial violence. Racial
violence is a legal and extralegal production and exploitation of group differentiated vulnerability to premature death (lecture 3 1/17/17). The way that
Brown and Black people are seen as criminals today has historical roots that are attached to colonialism. Imperialism and colonialism are thus
instruments through which an empire is achieved (Bosworth pg. 14). In particular, the sense of cultural and racial superiority that accompanies
colonialism ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To suppress the "customary taking," the London Metropolitan Police penalized stealing from private property. With the help of discourse from
Patrick Colquhoun, stereotypes against the Irish exacerbated their criminalization. Medical terminology was applied to the Irish; they were
conceived as a diseased social body within, which the mass of laborers was 'contaminated' (Williams pg. 327). The Irish Riot Act passed in 1787
was placed to squander 'agrarian disturbances' which considered unlawful assembly a felony punishable by death (William pg. 340). Ideology or
discourse makes laws understandable and legal even if the laws are based on racial profiling and discrimination (1/17/17 Lecture 3). Therefore, the
neither Irish nor Brown and Black people have access to full entitlement of what laws and democracy are supposed to protect.
Property is so deeply embedded it is attached to personhood that it is based on race. The Naturalization Act of 1970 constituted that citizenship is
exclusively for White property owner of good moral qualities. Anyone out of the grid is not considered human. This is an inherent contradiction of the
constitution (1/17/17 Lecture 3). The ownership of acquired land by Anglos required the removal and containment of people inhabiting the land. The
justification of the removal of Natives was that they were not utilizing the land for profit and they were not considered human. Lands rich in copper
metal and other resources, were incentive for

The Relationship Between Constitutional And Physical Force...
This analysis will look at how historians have attempted to explain the relationship between constitutional and physical force nationalism/republicanism.
In the book Irish Peasants Violence and Political Unrest 1780 – 1914 editors Samuel Clark and James S. Donnelly Jr. suggest, in the opening
paragraph, that poverty related rebellion in Ireland became commonplace during the late 18th and early 19th century that led to the ideas of a separatist
republic. These events gave rise to, at first, a constitutional nationalist party called The Society of United Irishmen that sought parliamentary reform and
to make this change they worked through parliament before later becoming an armed revolutionary group. Focusing on this time period and going on
the writings of Clark and Donnelly it could be argued that the relationship between constitutional and physical force nationalism was, at this time, a
unified one ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Perry Curtis Jr. in his article 'Moral and Physical Force: The Language of Violence in Irish Nationalism' points out that constitutional and physical force
nationalism existed side by side in Irish politics up until the Anglo – Irish Treaty of 1921. It appears that for a substantial period in Ireland
constitutional nationalism and physical force republicanism stood on equal ground until people had an opportunity for their own parliament and then
the physical force tradition succumb to constitutional politics. Curtis also alludes to a point made earlier in this piece in how both nationalist traditions
shared similar goals despite having different approaches to the issue of British rule. Curtis argues that the relationship between constitutional and
physical force nationalism became ''bound in a close and complex'' way that had the effect of increasing both the strength of nationalism and the
difficulties for Britain in dealing with the Irish Question. This relationship in question can be said to be a bit unusual but worked out to be extremely
effective for

Ireland: The Irish Republican Army (IRA)
The complex situation escalated and became a warfare between many political actors. After the signing of the Anglo Irish treaty of 1921 the very
nationalist union of Ireland was joined and the very unionist area of Ireland remained with the six counties part of the United Kingdom.
In 1968, the Northern Ireland parliament had been dominated by unionists for over fifty years. Its attempts to solve social and political ills, such as
institutional discrimination against Catholics, were too slow for nationalists and republicans and too quick for many unionists. This gave rise to
growing tension and violence between the two communities (www.bbc.co.uk). It included an armed insurgency against the state some forms of the
Catholic or nationalist population, which mainly were the Irish Republican Army (IRA), though it also included other republican factions, with the idea
focused on creating a united independent Ireland (Dorney, 2015). The Ira were in constant battle with forces of the state. ... Show more content on
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This was manifested in inter–communal rioting, house burning and expulsion of minorities from rival areas as well as lethal violence including
shooting and bombing (Dorney, 2015). Many smaller paramilitary groups formed such as the Ulster Defense Association and the Ulster Volunteer
Force and though aims were to stop the violence against the state it only fuelled an attack to many catholic people and great tragedy struck for both
sides with many casualties in the

Problems that Need to be Overcome If Current Peace Talks...
Problems that Need to be Overcome If Current Peace Talks in Northern Ireland are to Succeed
In your answer you need to consider:
a) Two previous attempts made at peace in the last 20 years
b) The break through that have been made
c) The problems that still exist
Between 1980 and 1984 Margaret Thatcher held regular meetings with TaoiseachesCharles Haughey and then after she held meetings with Garret
Fitzgerald. The IRA violence was beginning to get out of control and both governments were getting very concerned. Margret Thatcher on other hands
was almost Killed by an IRA bomb in 1984 and things had to change. They were also concerned about the increasing support for the IRA's political ...
The unionists were also strongly opposed to the Agreement. They didn't like the involvement of the Republic's government in the affairs ofNorthern
Ireland. The day after it was signed the News Letter summed up unionist opposition when it claimed "yesterday the ghosts of Cromwell and Lundy
walked hand in hand to produce a recipe for bloodshed and conflict which has few parallels in modern history."
In essence the Agreement represented a negotiation between the British and Irish governments. In return for Dublin's formal appreciation of the
legitimacy of Northern Ireland, London agreed to confer with the Republic's government on all matters relating to the rights of Northern Ireland's
nationalist minority. The new relationships were outlined in the Agreement's 13 Articles. These referred to:
В· The Status of Northern Ireland, Article 1;
В· The Intergovernmental Conference, Articles 2–4;
В· Political Matters, Articles 5–6; Security and Related Matters, Article 7;

В· Legal Matters including the administration of justice, Article 8;
В· Cross Border Co–operation on Security, Economic, Social and Cultural Matters, Articles 9–10;
В· Arrangements for Review, Article 11;
В· Interparliamentary Relations, Article 12 and

The World During World War I
The world experienced life changing inventions and events during the time of World War I, such occurrences influenced the literature and the
authors of the time. The time the war took place, the world experienced technological advancements at an unimaginable pace. In addition to
technology, the war also changed the fashion in which society worked. Women became more independent as more jobs were offered to them in
order to aid the war cause. In addition, countries such as England experienced extreme poverty during and after the First World War occurred. This
shaped the manner in which the people thought about their lives and their governments. Furthermore, a significant amount of the men of England
were sent to fight in the war. The battlefront, along with to horrible health conditions, lead to an immense death count of men in the battle field.
Such changes in the world as well as society inspired several works of art and literature at the time. Artist and writers wrote about the war and its
effect on the people. Their works reflected the perspective of civilians and soldiers alike in order to relate to the public. Such artists include
Siegfried Sassoon, Isaac Rosenberg, and William Yeats, who wrote about the war abroad as well as in their home country, England. The works of
Siegfried Sassoon, Isaac Rosenberg, and William Yeats were affected by events, ideologies, and experiences from the period ofWorld War I. This is
seen in their poems as they often parallel events from

The Dehumanization Of The Natives In Colonial America
For centuries, the English and European colonizers wanted a piece of the new world. Many of these colonists were very curious of what was at this
new world and wanted to create opportunities for themselves by extracting resources through the labor of the indigenous people and imported slaves.
Though they needed the laborers for their resources, the indigenous people and imported slaves that worked for them were dehumanized and mistreated
for the colonist's greed. The Spanish and Portuguese treated the Natives and Slaves inhumanely, while the French treated the Natives fair and just, but
the slaves just the same as the Spanish and Portuguese. One of the major Native cultures in Central America was the Andean civilization. The Andean
civilizations... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They just did what they were told, while some revolted. They joined the Bacon's rebellion because they felt like they had a greater stake since they
had to work for life. Compared to the Native's response, the African slaves did not rebel as much as the Natives did. The Natives had many violent
wars with the Americans. The Anglo Americans treated the Native Americans with dishonor. The Anglo Americans treated the Native Americans as
if they were the first people to live in America. The Americans did not count them in their federal census for the "purposes of representation". The
Anglo Americans treated the Five Civilized Tribes with no remorse. They forcedly relocated the tribes along the Missouri River with the help of
president Thomas Jefferson. He established a US sovereignty that would push them away even though they had no word against it. The Native
Americans living on the plains were treated with no respect. The Anglo Americans took over and disrespected the land these Natives have lived on
for decades with the railroad. To get this job done, they Americans had to get rid of the Natives and to do that they must either assimilate or be
exterminated. This impacted the Natives spiritually as they believed their precious land was dying from the works of the

The Butcher Boy Irish Imperialism
Midterm Essay – Prompt 3 During the British invasion and colonization, the Irish endured decades of violence and oppression. During this time, the
Irish were stereotyped and made out to be inferior to their British counterparts in an attempt to justify their right to rule. The Irish people were depicted
as violent drunks who were more animal than human. They were often likened to pigs, portrayed as poor, dirty, and stupid. Obviously, this contributed
to the animosity between the native Irish and their Anglo–Irish neighbors. The country lacked any sort of unified national identity. Even after Ireland
received full independence, the effects of this long term injustice definitely left its mark. Once they received full autonomy, Irish society ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main character, Francie Brady, is a very troubled young man with an alcoholic father and a mentally ill mother. His family is frequently talked
down to and disrespected by their community. Nobody wants to deal with Francie, so when he begins acting out, he is sent away first to an
industrial school, then to a mental institution. Because he does not fit in with the ideal Irish community, Francie is pushed out. Furthermore, this
social rejection only intensifies Francie's mental instability. Francie dives into a world of delusion and fantasy, trying to create a world in which
he can be happy. He twists the world around him so he is not an outcast. No matter how badly his community treats him, he is accepted if only in
his mind. And as more and more people leave him behind, he is only driven deeper into his fantasy world. In this case, Francie, a mentally ill
delinquent and his family, are made into the "other." They do not fit into what their community sees as the ideal Ireland, so they are ostracized. This
isolation only adds fuel to the fire, driving Francie more and more into his delusions, ultimately leading to his murder of his neighbor who labelled
him and his family as "pigs." Francie can be seen as a symbol of darker side of Irish society. He is immature, emotionally stunted, and nostalgic for an
idealized

What in your view was the short term significance of...
What in your view, was the short term significance of Michael Collins?
Michael Collins played a major part in Ireland's History, in the years 1916–23. He had a short but political life where he had increasingly been involved
in events such as the Easter Rising, Anglo–Irish War, Treaty Negotiations and the Civil War. Although he was only active over a relatively short period
of time, his significance in such events was profound. His public image changed throughout the years, from one of the UKs most wanted men to a
reasonable politician. In 1916 during the Easter Rising his role was relatively low key, but by 1922 he ultimately gave his life in the Civil War for what
he believed in.
Michael Collins took part in the Easter Rising in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The canteen staff in Frongoch described Collins as 'highly respected' and when they took problems to him he 'always listened logically'4. This helps
us understand Michael Collins' short term significance because he learnt from the military blunders made; such as the seizure of indefensible and
very vulnerable positions like St Stephen's Green5 and filled the vacuum made by the executions of the leaders of the Rising. Likewise, Frongoch
would have been different without Collins as the internees wouldn't have been able to hold out and the Irish wouldn't have developed such a fighting
force. It's a useful source because they were employed to work in the Frongoch canteens so they are indifferent to Collins, which gives this source a
high weight of argument which can be generalised to how others must have seen him who weren't closely involved with him. Then again, as it is
written so long after, it can be doubted On the contrary, the source was wrote over half a century later, so it's questionable how far someone can
precisely remember what the canteen staff thought about Collins.
Michael Collins had many responsibilities after leaving Frongoch. He was appointed Finance Minister and is described as 'the unlikely Finance
Minister who proved himself an administrator par excellence.'6 Collins produced a Finance Ministry that was able to organise a

The Change of the Irish Question between 1800 and 1922 Essay
The Change of the Irish Question between 1800 and 1922
The Irish Question changed dramatically between the years 1800 and 1922. The Anglican Ascendancy meant that Ireland was governed indirectly from
England. The Ascendancy angered the Catholics, limited their rights and made them pay taxes to the Protestant church. This led to dissatisfaction
amongst Catholics culminating in the 1798 Rebellion. This caused the British Government to become more involved with Ireland, as they began to fear
that Revolution could occur. It revealed to them the weaknesses of the existing, divided system in Ireland and the need for the Question to be addressed.
The Act of Union represented the first phase of the Irish ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Emancipation would be the focus of the Irish Question from this point onwards.
Daniel O'Connell became the key individual at this point as he formed the Catholic Association in 1823 and he believed that Emancipation was a step
towards Home Rule. He campaigned by using peaceful methods and mass organization. This was therefore a new way of addressing the Irish Question
and gaining middle class support, which wouldn't want to support violent rebellion that might harm their property. O'Connell convinced the population
that there was a link between political equality and economic prosperity, by saying that if they got the vote they would also gain economic benefits and
the Ascendancy would end as Catholics gained positions of power. The 'Catholic Rent' of one penny a month was introduced, which was paid by the
Catholics to fund the Catholic Association. This separated the Catholics and Protestants further as it alienated Protestants. It made the Irish Catholic
Church a vital part of the movement, because priests were required to spread the message and help collect Catholic rent. The Catholic Association
organised open public meetings in which O'Connell was the speaker, who hinted that if the British Government did not adhere to the Irish demands the

The Last September Essay
h bowen Published in 1929 The Last September written by Elizabeth Bowen highlights the difficulties which faced the Irish–Anglo genre. It was one of
many novels published in the nineteenth and twentieth century, based on "Big House" life in Ireland. Bowen herself is critical of the Anglo–Irish
gentry as she believes that they are responsible for the downfall in the society. The denial of their predicament and also their refusal to except change
had caused Bowen to be censorious of them. She expresses her points of symbolism, imagery and characterization using a variety of tactful
techniques. In the analysis these factors and techniques will be discussed in greater detail. " She was to later describe her writing as 'verbal paintings'...
The author emphasizes the pressure that is now forcing Lois to marry and to produce an heir so the property can be passed on for more
generations. Lois no longer sees "Big House" lifestyle as viable and therefore further adds to the confusion in which she is facing. " Lois, as the only
alternative heir, complains that she feels trapped in a " cocoon" and longs for some other kind of existence." (Genet., J, p149, 1991) The ante–room in
which Lois visits frequently serves no particular purpose and therefore symbolizes that indeed the room compares to Lois' feelings within herself of
feeling lost and lonely. "In her life – deprived as she saw it – there was no occasion for courage, which like an unused muscle slackened and slept"
(Bowen., E, p33, 1998) Another point which suggests Lois is lost and confused is the fact that often spends time walking outside the boundaries of the
house which symbolizes her need to escape from this faГ§ade, the so–called birthright of her generation. Fantasizing how life would be with out having
the responsibility of running the Danielstown House. Throughout the novel Bowen uses the unusual technique of personifying the Danielstown house.
It is a presence that becomes frequent throughout the poem. (For in February, before those leaves had visibly budded, the death– execution, rather of
the three houses... Had occurred on the same night.)

Cotton Market Revolution
Sophia Ho
Shannon Welch
B09
In the 1800s, America rose to become a highly industrialized and complex economy. This was mainly due to the revolutionary creation of the cotton
gin because it sped up the process of how seeds were removed from the cotton fiber. This increase in cotton production ushered theUnited States into
the Market Revolution. During this era, cotton became the single most important crop in the United States, creating more jobs for laborers in the fields.
With the rise of cheap labor, the demand for land increased. The influx of workers in America and development of the cotton sector led to the expansion
of the United States westward of the northern and southern states. The land necessary for the cultivation of cotton became ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Generally, Mexicans were paid fifty percent less than Anglo Americans and forced to live in company towns where they used their low income to
pay for expensive food and supplies (Takaki 173). They were also given the manual and dangerous work such as ditch digging whereas their American
counterparts had less labor intensive jobs. This became a racial stratification for occupations. This signified a major contradiction in the Declaration of
Independence because social inequality and injustice can be seen through the lives of Mexicans. Mexican–Americans were not given equal
opportunities for employment, because jobs and wages were based on race rather than ability and work ethic. They faced discrimination in the
workforce and were downgraded to working the low–end jobs in society. They were forced to work in hazardous environments whereas Americans
worked in a safer setting. The racial discrimination and lack of equality in the workforce during the market revolution indicates an inconsistency in the
Declaration of

Rhy O Flaherty The Sniper Analysis
War is a horrific situation that affects many people. It does not only affect the soldier but also their loved ones. Some soldiers do not get the
chance to make it back to their families alive. Loss of life is inevitable. The traumatic exposure leaves life long effects. There will always be a
negative outcome from the war. War changes people. An individual who goes into war will never forget the memories and images seen in the war
zone. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is the most common diagnosis for soldiers. War is not an easy adjustment for afamily who has a loved
one going into enemy territory. This event is devastating for all people involved. The environment is risky and life threatening. Loss of life is inevitable.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Haggerty (2001) declared "he was born on August 28, 1896 in Inishmore, Ireland" (para.2). Haggerty (2001) also stated "he died on September 7,
1984 at the age of 88" (para. 15). Many stories he wrote were about brutal, naturalism, psychological analysis, poetry, and satire (Liam O' Flaherty
Biography). Many of his realistic novels have a compassionate interest in troubled people caught in the turbulence of his homeland (O' Flaherty,
Liam). Liam was a good student in school and kept his grades up (Liam O' Flaherty Biography). According to The Editors of Encyclopedia
Britannica (2015 ) "Liam was a soldier in World War I and was a leading figure of the Irish Renaissance" (para 1&2). Again, according to The
Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (2015) "He laboured in such occupations as a lumberjack, hotel porter, miner, factory worker, dishwasher, bank
clerk, and deckhand" (para.2). Mr. Liam O' Flaherty struggled with mental illness and breakdowns (Bloomsbury, 2012). The Sniper has to do with the
Irish Civil War and is written based on the time period he lived and his

Battle During The Elizabethan Era
Isaiah Zayas Mr.Marquez English 1 CP May 12, 2015 Battles During Elizabethan Era In the 1500's there was a period in time six years before
Shakespeare was born Queen Elizabeth took thrown and became queen of England. It was like the most recognized era in the English history , the era
was most recognized because of so many things that happened that were important to the English. Other reasons why it was important was of the
plays that took plays in the theaters that were composed by many people especially William Shakespeare. When Queen Elizabeth 1 became queen
there was violence that broke out against the Protestant and Catholics, but she stopped the problem by making concessions to the Catholics. There was
a couple majored problems for the British during the Elizabethan Era, the English have went into three wars the two other wars that didn 't last that
long, but there was one war that lasted about eighteen years. There are a couple of reasons why the Anglo–Spanish War started was because of the
economy and religion reasons, like Britain hated the Catholics . Spanish explorers set out to the New World and came back with the ship filled with
gold and silver that they got from the New World, America. Britain sent pirates to go rob the spanish vessels filled with gold and silver some of the
famous pirates were Francis Drake, mostly he was the one robbing the vessels.This angered the Spanish and they went to war against Britain. This war
was the longest and between

Essay On Irish Republican Army
The Irish Republican Army is any of several armed movements in Ireland in the 20th and 21st centuries dedicated to Irish republicanism, the belief
that all of Ireland should be an independent republic. It was also characterized by the belief that political violence was necessary to achieve that goal.
The first known use of the term "Irish Republican Army" occurred in the Fenian raids on Canada in the 1860s. The original Irish Republican Army
formed by 1917 from those Irish Volunteers who refused to enlist in the British Army during World War I, members of the Irish Citizen Army and
others. During the Irish War of Independence it was the army of the Irish Republic, declared by DГЎil Г‰ireann in 1919. Some Irish people dispute
the claims of more recently created organizations that insist that they are the only legitimate descendants of the original IRA, often referred to as the
"Old IRA".
The playwright and former IRA member ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They left and formed the Democratic Left. Ultimately, the Democratic Left merged into the Labour Party.
In 1969, the more traditionalist republican members split off into the Provisional IRA and Sinn FГ©in. The Provisional IRA operated mostly in Northern
Ireland, using violence against the Royal Ulster Constabulary and the British Army, and British institutions and economic targets. They also killed
members of the Irish Army and the Garda SГochГЎna, which was against one of their standing orders.
A further split occurred in 1986, when the former leader of Sinn FГ©in RuairГ Г“ BrГЎdaigh – who was replaced by Gerry Adams in 1983 – walked
out of the Sinn FГ©in Ard Fheis after delegates voted to end the policy of abstentionism to DГЎil Г‰ireann. The followers of RuairГ Г“ BrГЎdaigh,
who adhere to republican legitimism, and opposing Sinn FГ©in's decision to abandon abstentionism, set up a rival party and military wing, called
Republican Sinn FГ©in and the Continuity

The Catholic Church in Developing the Identity of The...
The Republic of Ireland cannot be adequately examined without including the large role played by the Catholic Church in political development and
policy making. The Catholic Church has validated itself as an influential institution since the Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169. The original intent of
the invasion served to spread the papacy, and with Ireland, the Church would come to achieve arguably the most Catholic country to exist in the world.
The Republic of Ireland evolved through many centuries in order to achieve a true Irish State. The Anglo–Irish War proved significant in achieving the
latter goal by ridding the southern sector of Ireland from the centuries of grueling oppressive rule and discrimination under Great Britain ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
372). The Irish Republic Army, the IRA, was formed from 73 of the 105 Irish representatives that held seats in the Westminster Parliament (Gray, 2008).
This organization in turn created an illegal Irish Parliament, the Dail Elreann, whom declared war on Britain that initiated the Anglo–Irish War. The
Irish Republic Army maintained two clear goals they were looking to achieve from the onset of the war. The provisional government desired a
complete separation from British rule in addition to creating an Irish Republic free of any other influence (Gray, 2008, p. 376). The war illustrates the
birth of "modern guerilla war[fare]" which in the end arguably produced survivors in place of winners (Gray, 2008, p. 371). Although the war ends
diplomatically in favor of the Irish provisional government, the newly established Ireland lacked unity primarily due to arguments over the treaty they
reluctantly signed. The continuous strive for religious freedom and ultimate desire for a united Irish state, while an ideological goal, proved
contradicting. Since the Northern counties of the Irish territory were primarily protestant and heavily influenced by the Church of England it proposed
a problem of true unity, since the Southern counties of Ireland were overwhelmingly traditional Catholics. Evidence exists for both religious freedom
and Irish

Review Of Liam O 'Flaherty's The Sniper'
Liam O'Flaherty wrote short stories and was a leader in the Irish literary renaissance (Biography.com Editors, n/a). After two mental breakdowns, it
became obvious that O'Flaherty was mentally ill. The mental illness was believed to have come from an injury received while enlisted in the Irish
Guards. Once the war had ended, O'Flarherty moved to the U.S. and lived in Hollywood for a brief time. While his stories have common themes of
Ireland and nature, some of his best works were written in Irish (Bloomsburry Publishing Plc, n/a). According to Michael J. Cummings (2007) Liam's
"The Sniper" is set in 1922, in Dublin, which is Ireland's largest city, after the Irish Free State had been established, and during a civil war. O'Flaherty
wrote

The Ira's Failure Of The Irish Civil War
While the War of Independence was the first time Ireland would be separated from England in over 100 years, Ireland and England have had a
parallel history for far longer than that. Since the Act for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland passed in the parliaments of both England and Ireland
in 1800, Ireland has been considered a legal part of the United Kingdom. Prior to this unification by law, Ireland had been under some sort of British
control since the feudal rule under the King of Britain started in 1177. Feudal rule was brought to a close by proclamation of Henry VIII, in which he
became King of Ireland. The Irish rebellion of 1641 brought a slight bump to this rule, but the re–conquest of Ireland by Parliamentary forces led by
Oliver ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unlike in the War of Independence the IRA did not have the backing of many Irish–Americans. Probably the major problem with finding backing
amongst their former allies was the fact that they all almost universally welcomed the signing of the Treat. Even Irish strongholds like the city of
Boston were pro–treaty, with one James Phelan telegramming the Lord Mayor of Dublin that he loved the treaty saying he expressed the "feeling(s) of
all true friends of Ireland and England the world over" . Even the Catholic church in America refused to help the IRA. Former allies in Scotland
were also of little help as most were loyal to Joseph Vize, who was a member of President Collins inner circle. With their assets in the United States
frozen by Congress, the IRA had little chance of securing enough money to buy firearms. In addition to this the lack of support of the Irish in the
United States meant that they would be unable to receive any substantial sum of money nor be able to secure weapons shipments. Additionally, unlike
in the previous war they were unable to obtain arms and explosives from sympathizers in Scotland in large part thanks to Collin's influence over this
area. The IRA repeated a mistake they made during the earliest inkling of revolution, as in the Easter Rebellion they were reliant on outside forces
acting on their

The Vikings : The Last And Most Dramatic Exodus
In 793 the monks on the island of Lindisfarne, off the northeast coast of England, are unpleasantly surprised by the arrival of violent raiders from the
sea. Their misfortune is the first clearly dated event in the saga of the Vikings– the last and most dramatic exodus in the long story of migration from
Scandinavia, the original home of the Goths and Vandals.
The name Viking is thought to derive from vikingr, a word for 'pirate ' in the early Scandinavian languages. It accurately describes the Norsemen who
for two centuries raid the coasts of Britain and of northwest France. But in many places the Scandinavians also settle – in the islands of the north
Atlantic, in the British Isles, in Normandy, in Sicily and in the very heart of Russia.
It is impossible to assign the various Viking groups at all precisely to places of origin. But broadly speaking, adventurers from the coast of Norway
raid the north of England and continue round the Scottish coast to Ireland. Vikings from the same region later settle in the Scottish islands, Iceland and
parts of Ireland.
The Vikings invading eastern Britain and northwest France, and eventually settling in both regions, come mainly from Denmark. The Swedes raid
across the Baltic and penetrate deep into Russia as traders.
The Vikings and the British Isles: 9th – 10th century
The coasts of the British isles are now dotted with monasteries, not yet rich by the standards of medieval monasticism but with sufficient

A Developed Country As The Most Socially Progressive States
Also, I would prefer to focus on a developed country as the most socially progressive states have the most influence in the global market and are
often compared with the United States. Ireland, an island of 27000 square miles and a population of 4.6 million is ranked 6th in HDI as of 2014,
proves to have a high degree of development, on par with Germany and ahead of the US (at 8th). This is reflected in Ireland's healthy social progress
and economic efficiency. The GDP per capita is ~$45,000 with only ~5% of the country's population below the poverty line compared to 15% for the
US. Ireland is also also a very peaceful country and ranked 11th for income equality with a 34.3 GINI (2013). Throughout the history of Ireland, the
country and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Widespread trade commenced in the period starting in 2500 BC to 400 AD with the population consisting of various different rival groups, called the
Celts, who shared a polytheistic, pagan religion. This religion influenced stories and mythology surrounding the ancient monuments and their use.
Shortly after the year 400, St. Patrick brought Christianity to Ireland, which remained the dominant religion while many Celtic traditions were
retained. During this period, a change in religion and the fall of the nearby Roman Empire, Ireland enjoyed prosperity, but was invaded by the
Vikings. They plundered some of the newfound riches and treasures but also established Dublin and many other important cities, such as Wexford,
Waterford, Cork, and Limerick. This control by the vikings ended around 1200 when the Normans (from modern day France) invaded and conquered
England and Ireland, establishing a lordship which began the next several hundred years of British rule. By 1600 much of this dependency was in the
form of plantations controlled by Britain, and in 1641 a rebellion was staged by the protestant colonists. Similar conflict continued into the 1700s, and
hundreds of thousands of people died during the first major famine of Ireland in 1740. A second uprising took place in 1798, shortly after which
Ireland was formally joined with

Why Was the "Irish question" So Troublesome for the...
Great Britain and Ireland had merged under the Act of Union 1801. While the British Empire was changing and liberalizing its system of imperial
rule granting greater independence to Canada, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa , Ireland was forced to remain a part of the Union and used
as a source of cheaper food supplies and labor, which could not be acceptable for the Irish. In one of his letters, then a future Prime Minister Benjamin
Disraeli referred to maintaining the boiling Ireland as the Irish Question , and the expression grounded in the language of British politicians of the 19th
and 20th centuries, when the struggle for a better life was the key of the Irish politics during the same period. Opposition to the Union in Ireland ...
On June 8, 1886 the first Home Rule Bill was defeated. The House of Commons thought it was going to hurt the economic development. Gladstone,
the Prime Minister, introduced a second bill in 1893 which was passed by the House of Commons but was vanquished by the main force against
Home Rule, the House of Lords. First Ireland – what else would receive Home Rule? For them, the bill was seen as the start of the process of
reduction of the London's power though Home Rule meant that the Irish Parliament would be restored for most issues, but the British government
would still cover many important areas. "It was not a new protest, or a call for concessions, but rather a demand for the restoration of the political
rights of an ancient nation."
Non–political movements participated and influenced the course of the Irish Home Rule Movement as deeply. Young Irishmen sought for the freedom
fashioned their dream in other activities. Anglo–Irish literary revival led by the poet William B. Yeats and the Gaelic League founded by Douglas Hyde
and Eoin MacNeill assembled with the hope of keeping the Irish language alive, re–create a separate Irish culture, considering these features the best
claim upon the world's recognition of the Irish as a separate nation . The very process of forming Irish national culture was called 'de–Anglicization'.
Even being a

A War Does Not Require Weapons
Acosta, Alejandro Rachel History 4C7/July 2015 A War does not Require Weapons In between the timeline of World War One and World War Two,
political leaders, states, and nations were fighting against each other with and without the usage of weapons. The ideology of great philosophers, and
raising leaders, such as: Herbert Spencer, Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin, Great Britain, and Russia brought civil wars and battles during the small
timeframe between world wars. Before we go into depth on the one 30–year war, we begin with the settings of this one–30 year war. In the beginning
of the 19th century, European powerhouses, France and Russia, obtained the same equal power. At the same period, Germany's industry began to grow
tremendously which brought rival, Britain. Germany's economics in industrial were growing due to the exports of heavy materials, and beneficially to
politicians running the state. The economic growth of Germany lead them to create the Triple Alliance in 1882. The reason for this secret agreement
between Germany, Austria–Hungry, and Italy was because Germany felt that its economic growth would lead to war with their rivals. In response to
the Triple Alliance 1882, the Triple Entente of 1894 was created by France, Russia, and Great Britain. Nevertheless, Germany was thinking in
advanced, and planed the Schlieffen. A plan that Germany created, if war would to break out, to attack France and then Great Britain excluding Russia.
On June 28th 1914, the Archduke

British Independence Research Paper
Imagine that your homeland, for which you feel nothing but the most overwhelming pride, has been occupied by a neighboring power for the past 750
years, and that they have continually degraded your indigenous culture, and at times committed acts which bordered on genocide. I'm willing to bet
you would not stop short of bloodshed to remove the invasive neighbor. Now imagine that after you've fought, and bled, and killed, and died to
establish an independent republic in your homeland, you send a delegation including one of your greatest leaders to the enemy's capital to negotiate for
independence, and the delegation comes back with a treaty which provides that the enemy will keep one–sixth of your territory, while the other
five–sixths must still,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In order to achieve this end, they resorted to low–intensity asymmetrical warfare, utilizing guerrilla tactics that the British Army was wholly
ill–equipped to counter. By 1921, in fact, the British had realized that it was politically impossible for them to win the war. Victory, for the British,
would have required an even more heavy–handed implementation of martial law than what they had already implemented, which undoubtedly would
have been noticed on the other side of the Atlantic. The United Kingdom needed the support of the United States for various vital strategic agendas in
Asia and the Pacific. But the Irish cause already had immense support among the American population, such that Г‰amon de Valera had already
raised $5.5 million from American supporters of the Irish cause. The American people were very unlikely to be happy if the British resorted to such
tactics, which would have derailed the possibility of American support for the United Kingdom's agendas in the Far East. Upon making this
realization, the Government of Prime Minister David Lloyd George offered a truce to some very confused Irish

What Are The Causes Of The Irish Republican Army
The Irish Republican Army (IRA) was created after the 1916 Easter Uprising in Dublin. But the conflict could be traced back even further. In 1172,
the king of England invaded Ireland and controlled it. As a result of this invasion, the religious and territorial conflicts started. In the 1500s, there was
an attempt to create a church similar to the Church of England. Catholics opposed of this idea so the conflict involved independence as well (Arena &
Arrigo, 2004).
The 1916 Easter uprising in Dublin was the spark which ignited and created the Irish Republican Army (Alonso, 2001; Arena & Arrigo, 2004; Hart,
1997; Page & Smith, 2000). In 1916, several republicans took up arms against the British. The British fought back and killed the rebel

Conflict in Ireland Essay
Conflict in Ireland
Which of these events has had the biggest impact on the history of the Conflict in Ireland?
(a) The Easter Rising, 1916.
(b) The deployment of British troops in Northern Ireland, 1969.
(c) "Bloody Sunday", 30th January 1972.
(a) The Easter Rising, 1916.
Event
On Monday April 24th 1916, a force between 1,000 and 1,500 Irishmen and women consisting of volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army seized control
of the General Post Office in Dublin which became Pearse and Connolly's (organisers of the rebellion) command post for the rebellion along with the
Four Courts, Jacob's Factory, Boland's Bakery, the South Dublin Union, St. Stephen's Green and later the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus causing Sinn Fein to win two parliamentary elections in 1917 to take two previously held nationalist seats by the end of that year. There were
now more than 200,000 Sinn Fein members and they could finally challenge the Irish Nationalists. The British parliament tried to combat this by
setting up a convention which lasted about a year before Sinn Fein stopped it. In the general election of 1918 Sinn Fein won 73 seats and the
Nationalists 7 and Ulster 23. In January 1919 Sinn Fein members assembled in Dublin as the 'DГЎil Г‰ireann' with Eamon de Valera their president
proclaiming Ireland's independence which demonstrated their commitment to the cause of freeing Ireland from British rule. They then organised a
guerrilla unit led by Michael Collins which attacked and bombed the British responsible for controlling Ireland. The guerrilla unit later formed the IRA
'freedom fighters'.
The British Government were unable to stop the IRA politically, so they called upon armed units called the 'Black and Tans' and the 'Auxiliaries' to
destroy the IRA by raiding and burning houses, killing and torturing IRA members suspects as well as innocent people. They failed to defeat the IRA

even though they heavily outnumbered them. This was because Michael Collins organised his guerrilla unit very well with a series of 'hit and run
attacks'

Michael Collins Research Paper
Michael Collins was one of the most pivotal figures in the history of Ireland despite using violence to progress his cause. He was a tremendous leader
sought Irish independence. Collins possessed characteristics of the grad at grad which were called to leadership, committed to justice, open to growth,
and intellectual.
Before he rose to fame, Ireland became part of Great Britain in 1801. The British were not very nice to the Irish and created anti–Catholic laws where
Catholics were excluded from Parliament. The British also made a mockery of the Irish by creating stereotypes in which the Irish were drunk and
violent people. When the chance came around for home rule, Ulster nationalists were not very happy because they wanted
Ireland to be ruled ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Irish nationalists then fought in Easter Rising between the British for the end of British rule in Ireland in 1916. The war lasted 6 days and the British
were victorious. Michael Collin's arose after the war and felt Ireland could do better.
Michael Collins was called to leadership in his life. He began to seek challenges and responsibilities during his career to further his growth and
understanding. When he was 19, he was sworn into the IRB. The IRB's primary goal was for Ireland to achieve independence from Great Britain.
Members of the IRB quickly grew to respect Collins and they appointed him as a financial advisor. He later ran as a member of Parliament and won.
Instead of attending parliament, he and other Irishmen from the Sinn Fein party made their own government called the First DГЎil. Michael Collins
was to be the finance minister for the First DГЎil where he collected money from many countries. He led an intelligence organization which included
agents and spies to kill British agents and informers.
To be called to become a leader, Michael Collins demonstrated amazing leadership skills. Collins was creative with how he lead. He made a
prospectus to help fund the Irish Republic which helped to fund ВЈ400,000. The British knew the

The roles of the main EU institutions (Council, Commission...
The roles of the main EU institutions (Council, Commission and Parliament) in the management of the continuing/financial crisis" I. Introduction. The
ongoing euro economic/financial crisis has exposed large gaps in the ability of both the European Union's (EU) institutions as a whole, and of the euro
zone group in particular, to take a common approach to solving the problem. In the absence of an adequate common policy approach we have seen
individual member states, including Ireland, resorting to national responses. This has led to fears that member states have acted in an anti–competitive
manner, bringing the basis of the Single Market and the stability of the euro (EUR) into question. In turn this has led to fundamental questions... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Investors searching for higher yields than those offered by US Treasury bonds sought alternatives globally (NPR–The Giant Pool of Money, 2008).
Since 2007, nations around the world experienced a series of major economic and financial problems. It resulted in the threat of total collapse of large
financial institutions, the bailout of banks by national governments, and downturns in stock markets around the world. The housing market also
suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant role in the failure of key businesses, declines
in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of US dollars, and a downturn in economic activity leading to the global recession and contributing to the
European sovereign–debt crisis. The 9th August 2007 began with the seizure in the banking system precipitated by BNP Paribas announcing that it was
ceasing activity in three hedge funds that specialised in United State (US) mortgage debt. On 15th September 2008 when the US government allowed
the investment bank Lehman Brothers to go bankrupt. Up to that point, it had been assumed that governments would always step in to bail out any
bank that got into serious trouble, the US had done so by finding a buyer for Bear Stearns while the United Kingdom (UK)

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