1. Critical thinking skills are important in ________________. A. assessing the validity of arguments B. creative problem solving C. assessing the validity of opinions D. All of the above E. None of the above 2. The "method of belief" prescribes that one put aside beliefs and begin examining an argument from a position of skepticism. True False 3. In collaborative learning, one considers the opposition's position and feedback in decision making. True False 4. Poor critical thinking skills contribute to low self-esteem. True False 5. ____________ and ____________ are barriers to critical thinking. A. Wanting to be right...defense mechanisms B. Premature analysis...clichés C. Limited experience…avoidance D. Ignorance…ingratiation E. None of the above 6. Reason is best applied when emotions are completely excluded. True False 7. __________ is the belief that knowledge can come from revelation or reason, and that there are no logical inconsistencies between them. A. Fideism B. Rationalism C. Critical rationalism D. Emotionalism 8. Empathetic people are more open to others' views. True False 9. For effective communication, it is important to understand the differences between the denotative and connotative meaning of a word or phrase. True False 10. ____________ are used to ensure the standardization of data collection and interpretation. A. Lexical definitions B. Persuasive definitions C. Operational definitions D. Denotative definitions E. None of the above 11. You are out for the evening with a group of friends. One member of the group wants to move to a different venue, but does not tell you. Instead, he is sulking, but states that, "The venue is up to the group." This is an example of ___________ communication. A. assertive B. aggressive C. passive D. passive-aggressive E. None of the above 12. Emotive language is often used to manipulate. True False 13. ____________, like "addictive disease" instead of "drug abuse", serves to sugarcoat the truth. A. Dysphemisms B. Hyperboles C. Sarcasm D. Euphemisms E. None of the above 14. _________ occurs when individuals in an organization embrace behaviors or ideas that they would not otherwise espouse. A. Diffusion B. Polarity C. Groupthink D. Isolation E. None of the above 15. Firsthand experience is always a credible source of evidence. True False 16. Which of the following websites is the most credible source of evidence? A. www.snopes.com B. www.consumers.org C. www.bea.gov D. www.productreviews.net E. All are reliable sources. 17. Cognitive and social errors can distort expectations and lead to disadvantageous behavior. True False 18. "This location has lots of foot traffic." In the sentence, the word "lots" is _________. A. a fallacy of accent B. an equivocation C. an a.

1. 1. Critical thinking skills are important in ________________.
A. assessing the validity of arguments
B. creative problem solving
C. assessing the validity of opinions
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
2. The "method of belief" prescribes that one put aside beliefs
and begin examining an argument from a position of skepticism.
True
False

2. 3. In collaborative learning, one considers the opposition's
position and feedback in decision making.
True
False
4. Poor critical thinking skills contribute to low self-esteem.
True
False
5. ____________ and ____________ are barriers to critical
thinking.
A. Wanting to be right...defense mechanisms

3. B. Premature analysis...clichés
C. Limited experience…avoidance
D. Ignorance…ingratiation
E. None of the above
6. Reason is best applied when emotions are completely
excluded.
True
False

4. 7. __________ is the belief that knowledge can come from
revelation or reason, and that there are no logical
inconsistencies between them.
A. Fideism
B. Rationalism
C. Critical rationalism
D. Emotionalism
8. Empathetic people are more open to others' views.
True
False
9. For effective communication, it is important to understand
the differences between the denotative and connotative meaning
of a word or phrase.

5. True
False
10. ____________ are used to ensure the standardization of data
collection and interpretation.
A. Lexical definitions
B. Persuasive definitions
C. Operational definitions
D. Denotative definitions
E. None of the above
11. You are out for the evening with a group of friends.
One member of the group wants to move to a different venue,
but does not tell you.

6. Instead, he is sulking, but states that, "The venue is up to the
group."
This is an example of ___________ communication.
A. assertive
B. aggressive
C. passive
D. passive-aggressive
E. None of the above
12. Emotive language is often used to manipulate.
True
False
13. ____________, like "addictive disease" instead of "drug

7. abuse", serves to sugarcoat the truth.
A. Dysphemisms
B. Hyperboles
C. Sarcasm
D. Euphemisms
E. None of the above
14. _________ occurs when individuals in an organization
embrace behaviors or ideas that they would not otherwise
espouse.
A. Diffusion
B. Polarity
C. Groupthink

8. D. Isolation
E. None of the above
15. Firsthand experience is always a credible source of
evidence.
True
False
16. Which of the following websites is the most credible source
of evidence?
A. www.snopes.com
B. www.consumers.org
C. www.bea.gov
D. www.productreviews.net

9. E. All are reliable sources.
17. Cognitive and social errors can distort expectations and lead
to disadvantageous behavior.
True
False
18. "This location has lots of foot traffic." In the sentence, the
word "lots" is _________.
A. a fallacy of accent
B. an equivocation
C. an amphiboly
D. a fallacy of division

10. E. a fallacy of composition
19. Every terrorist in the 9/11 attacks was a Muslim, so all
Muslims should require additional security checks at the airport.
This is an example of what argument fallacy?
A. ad hominem
B. amphiboly
C. fallacy of division
D. fallacy of composition
E. fallacy of accent
20. "If you don't attend church every Sunday, you'll burn in
Hell." This is an example of __________.

11. A. popular appeals
B. a straw man fallacy
C. Scare tactics
D. a red herring
E. None of the above
21. "If we legalize marijuana, people will want to legalize other
drugs as well." This is an example of ________.
A. a false dilemma
B. a slippery slope
C. a naturalistic fallacy
D. an inappropriate appeal to authority

12. E. None of the above
22. ___________ is known as the "art of persuasion".
A. Inductive argument
B. Equivocation
C. Rationalization
D. Rhetoric
E. None of the above
23. Consider these two statements:
1. The triangle has three equal sides.
2. Angle A and angle B of the triangle are each 90 degrees.
In determining the measurement of angle C, one could say that
the two statements are __________.

13. A. arguments with independent premises
B. arguments with dependent premises
C. arguments with an unstated conclusion
D. arguments with a sub conclusion
E. None of the above
24. In analyzing an argument, it is important to identify the
premises and the conclusion.
True
False
25. "Complete" arguments address all relevant premises and
conclusions.
True

14. False