1. Members of one species cannot successfully interbreed and produc.docx
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1. Members of one species cannot successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring with members of other species. This idea is known as a. reproductive success. b. punctuated evolution. c. adaptive radiation. d. the biological species concept. e. geographic isolation. 2. The origin of new species, the extinction of species, and the evolution of major new features of living things are all changes that result from a. macroevolution. b. fitness. c. speciation. d. the biological species concept. e. convergent evolution. 3. Which is a barrier that can contribute to reproductive isolation? a. timing b. behavior c. habitat d. incompatible reproductive structures e. all of the above 4. Which of the following statements is false? a. Horses and donkeys are separate species. b. Two mules can mate and produce fertile offspring. c. A horse and a donkey can mate and produce offspring. d. Two donkeys can mate and produce fertile offspring. e. Two horses can mate and produce fertile offspring. 5. The evolution of the penguin’s wing from a wing suited for flying to a “flipper-wing” used for swimming is an example of a. refinement of existing adaptations. b. reproductive isolation. c. adaptation of existing structures to new functions. d. inheritance of acquired characteristics. e. the biological species concept. 6. Which of the following have been preserved as fossils? a. dinosaur footprints b. insects preserved in amber c. petrified plant remains d. animal bones e. all of the above 7. The mass extinctions that included the dinosaurs took place during which period? a. Cambrian (543–510 million years ago) b. Devonian (409–363 million years ago) c. Carboniferous (363–290 million years ago) d. Jurassic (206–144 million years ago) e. Cretaceous (144–65 million years ago) 8. The development of the complex, camera-like eye of a mammal is an example of a. refinement of existing adaptations. b. reproductive isolation. c. adaptation of existing structures to new functions. d. inheritance of acquired characteristics. e. the biological species concept. 9. Which of the following statements is true? a. Carbon-14 dating is useful for studying the age of early dinosaur fossils. b. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years. c. Uranium-238 has a very short half-life. d. Uranium-238 is present in all organisms. e. Carbon-12 is not found in living plants. 10. Which of the following provides the best explanation for why Australia has so many organisms unique to that continent? a. punctuated equilibrium b. the biological species concept c. convergent evolution d. continental drift e. cladistics 11. Scientists think that a meteor that fell in ____________________ may have led to the extinction of the dinosaurs. a. Australia b. the Yucatán peninsula c. The Galápagos Islands d. Pangaea e. India 12. The great diversit.
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multiple choice choose right answer1. After you study a populatio.pdf
multiple choice: choose right answer
1. After you study a population of a butterfly species over several generations, you observe that
its average wing size is steadily increasing and is significantly larger in the more recent
generations. This is most likely an example of
a. genetic drift.
b. non-random mating.
c. disruptive selection.
d. directional selection.
e. genetic variation.
2. A volcano has wiped out a significant part of a spider population on a small island. This would
be considered an example of
a. natural selection.
b. disruptive selection.
c. the bottleneck effect.
d. balanced polymorphism.
e. relative fitness.
3. All but one of the following is required for a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Which one doesn’t
meet the requirements?
a. random mating
b. no mutations
c. large populations
d. no natural selection
e. gene flow Principles of Biology IIB 5
4. Heterozygote advantage is an example of
a. inbreeding.
b. balanced polymorphism.
c. genetic drift.
d. genetic variation.
e. directional selection.
5. Which of the following terms would you associate with genetic drift?
a. small populations
b. natural selection
c. disruptive selection
d. mutations
e. non-random mating
6. Autopolyploidy is an example of
a. hybrid breakdown.
b. hybrid inviability.
c. allopatric speciation.
d. sympatric speciation.
e. genetic drift.
7. A plant species with a chromosome number 2n=12 hybridizes with another species (2n=4) in
the same genus to produce a hybrid through allopolyploidy. The resulting new species has a
chromosome number of
a. 2n=4.
b. 2n=8.
c. 2n=12.
d. 2n=16.
e. 2n=32.
8. Based on chromosome numbers, banding patterns, and inversions, orangutans are most closely
related to
a. humans.
b. both humans and gorillas.
c. gorillas.
d. chimpanzees.
e. none of the above.
9. Figure 18.4 shows two species of Warbler. Their difference is based on
a. the biological species concept.
b. the ecological species concept.
c. the morphological species concept.
d. the phylogenetic species concept.
e. none of the above.
10. A species of flowering plant receives pollen from a different species. The pollen germinates,
but it is too short to reach the female ovules. This is an example of
a. ecological isolation.
b. temporal isolation.
c. mechanical isolation.
d. gametic isolation.
e. a postzygotic isolation mechanism.
11. Two organisms belonging to the same class would also be in the same
a. order.
b. genus.
c. species.
d. kingdom.
e. family.
12. Paraphyletic taxa
a. include groups with different ancestors.
b. all have one common ancestor and include all taxa derived from that common ancestor.
c. all have one common ancestor but do not include all taxa derived from that common ancestor.
d. are not based on parsimonious principles.
e. none of the above
13. Traditional phylogenetic systematists consider birds as a separate class from reptiles because
a. of sufficient morphological difference from their reptile ancestors.
b. birds are closely related to dinosaurs.
c. they .
8- Which of the following statements are FALSE about the phylum Chorda.pdf
8. Which of the following statements are FALSE about the phylum Chordata. a. All chordates
have a postanal tal at some stage in life. b. All chordates have pharyngeal slits that wit develop
into ancther structure. c. In all chordates, the notochord is replaced by the soinal column during
development. e. Both B and C are FALISE 9. Deuterostomes exhibit. a. Radial cleavage b. The
blastopore becomes an anus c. Diploblastic germ layers d. Both A and B e. A , B , and C are all
correct 10. Damage to its flagellum would prevent a choanocyte from a. circulating water
through the sponge. b. stinging and capturing prey. c. secreting spongin to form the spenge body.
d. producing the supportive spicules. 11. How could a biologist distingaish an acoelomate
flatworm from a free-living nematode? a. The acoelomate worm would be solid throughout since
it lacks a true gut: b. The acoelomate worm would havo a nervous system. c. The nematode
would have a more primitive gut and nervous system. d) Only the acoelomate is triploblastic. 12.
Linnaeus lumped all of the worm-like animals into the category Vermes (Vermis is Latin for
worm). is this a vald classification scheme? a. No, because some worms are protists: b. Yes,
because all worms are members of the same kingdom and phylum. c. Yes, because all worm-like
animals are more closely related to each other than they are to other animals due to the
evolutionary history of this body plan. d. No, because the worm-like body plan has appeared
many times through evolutionary history and is not a useful trait for classification. 13. Which of
the following terms is mismutched with its meaning or characteristics? a. Diploblastic-ectoderm
and mesoderm b. Triploblastic-ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm c. Porifera-lacks symmetry
no tissues d. Chordate-an animal with notochord 14. The most diverse of the four eukaryotic
kingdoms is the: a. Protista Kingdom. b. Bacteria Kingdom. c. Plantae Kingdom. d. Animalia
kingdom. 15. Of the folowing features, which is the most widely shared in the animal kingdom?
a. protortome development b. radial cleavare c. inolring of a cuticle or exoskieleton d. a bady
gian with.iymmetry e. a triploblastic embryo.
Heredity and evolution
This Presentation is especially for the grade 10 as it is informaive and can be used for the CBSE syllabus of india ( of course ). hope this helps you alot and if any problems please let me know from the comments section below.................peace out......... and message me at bavitharavi@hotmail.com. this is also the chpter 9 of the cbse gr 10 science book biology.
Recommended
multiple choice choose right answer1. After you study a populatio.pdf
multiple choice: choose right answer
1. After you study a population of a butterfly species over several generations, you observe that
its average wing size is steadily increasing and is significantly larger in the more recent
generations. This is most likely an example of
a. genetic drift.
b. non-random mating.
c. disruptive selection.
d. directional selection.
e. genetic variation.
2. A volcano has wiped out a significant part of a spider population on a small island. This would
be considered an example of
a. natural selection.
b. disruptive selection.
c. the bottleneck effect.
d. balanced polymorphism.
e. relative fitness.
3. All but one of the following is required for a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Which one doesn’t
meet the requirements?
a. random mating
b. no mutations
c. large populations
d. no natural selection
e. gene flow Principles of Biology IIB 5
4. Heterozygote advantage is an example of
a. inbreeding.
b. balanced polymorphism.
c. genetic drift.
d. genetic variation.
e. directional selection.
5. Which of the following terms would you associate with genetic drift?
a. small populations
b. natural selection
c. disruptive selection
d. mutations
e. non-random mating
6. Autopolyploidy is an example of
a. hybrid breakdown.
b. hybrid inviability.
c. allopatric speciation.
d. sympatric speciation.
e. genetic drift.
7. A plant species with a chromosome number 2n=12 hybridizes with another species (2n=4) in
the same genus to produce a hybrid through allopolyploidy. The resulting new species has a
chromosome number of
a. 2n=4.
b. 2n=8.
c. 2n=12.
d. 2n=16.
e. 2n=32.
8. Based on chromosome numbers, banding patterns, and inversions, orangutans are most closely
related to
a. humans.
b. both humans and gorillas.
c. gorillas.
d. chimpanzees.
e. none of the above.
9. Figure 18.4 shows two species of Warbler. Their difference is based on
a. the biological species concept.
b. the ecological species concept.
c. the morphological species concept.
d. the phylogenetic species concept.
e. none of the above.
10. A species of flowering plant receives pollen from a different species. The pollen germinates,
but it is too short to reach the female ovules. This is an example of
a. ecological isolation.
b. temporal isolation.
c. mechanical isolation.
d. gametic isolation.
e. a postzygotic isolation mechanism.
11. Two organisms belonging to the same class would also be in the same
a. order.
b. genus.
c. species.
d. kingdom.
e. family.
12. Paraphyletic taxa
a. include groups with different ancestors.
b. all have one common ancestor and include all taxa derived from that common ancestor.
c. all have one common ancestor but do not include all taxa derived from that common ancestor.
d. are not based on parsimonious principles.
e. none of the above
13. Traditional phylogenetic systematists consider birds as a separate class from reptiles because
a. of sufficient morphological difference from their reptile ancestors.
b. birds are closely related to dinosaurs.
c. they .
8- Which of the following statements are FALSE about the phylum Chorda.pdf
8. Which of the following statements are FALSE about the phylum Chordata. a. All chordates
have a postanal tal at some stage in life. b. All chordates have pharyngeal slits that wit develop
into ancther structure. c. In all chordates, the notochord is replaced by the soinal column during
development. e. Both B and C are FALISE 9. Deuterostomes exhibit. a. Radial cleavage b. The
blastopore becomes an anus c. Diploblastic germ layers d. Both A and B e. A , B , and C are all
correct 10. Damage to its flagellum would prevent a choanocyte from a. circulating water
through the sponge. b. stinging and capturing prey. c. secreting spongin to form the spenge body.
d. producing the supportive spicules. 11. How could a biologist distingaish an acoelomate
flatworm from a free-living nematode? a. The acoelomate worm would be solid throughout since
it lacks a true gut: b. The acoelomate worm would havo a nervous system. c. The nematode
would have a more primitive gut and nervous system. d) Only the acoelomate is triploblastic. 12.
Linnaeus lumped all of the worm-like animals into the category Vermes (Vermis is Latin for
worm). is this a vald classification scheme? a. No, because some worms are protists: b. Yes,
because all worms are members of the same kingdom and phylum. c. Yes, because all worm-like
animals are more closely related to each other than they are to other animals due to the
evolutionary history of this body plan. d. No, because the worm-like body plan has appeared
many times through evolutionary history and is not a useful trait for classification. 13. Which of
the following terms is mismutched with its meaning or characteristics? a. Diploblastic-ectoderm
and mesoderm b. Triploblastic-ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm c. Porifera-lacks symmetry
no tissues d. Chordate-an animal with notochord 14. The most diverse of the four eukaryotic
kingdoms is the: a. Protista Kingdom. b. Bacteria Kingdom. c. Plantae Kingdom. d. Animalia
kingdom. 15. Of the folowing features, which is the most widely shared in the animal kingdom?
a. protortome development b. radial cleavare c. inolring of a cuticle or exoskieleton d. a bady
gian with.iymmetry e. a triploblastic embryo.
Heredity and evolution
This Presentation is especially for the grade 10 as it is informaive and can be used for the CBSE syllabus of india ( of course ). hope this helps you alot and if any problems please let me know from the comments section below.................peace out......... and message me at bavitharavi@hotmail.com. this is also the chpter 9 of the cbse gr 10 science book biology.
IB Biology Option D.5: Phylogeny and systematics
Slideshow with links to animations and videos for students doing option D: Evolution in IB Biology
Multiple Choice 1. A diagram that hypothesizes a set .pdf
Multiple Choice 1. A diagram that hypothesizes a set of organisms\' evolutionary relationships
to one another is a a. comparison tree. b. phylogenetic tree. c. classification tree. d. taxonomic
tree. e. species tree 2. By definition, a monophyletic lineage is a a. clade. lb. taxon. C. genus. d.
family. e. phylogenetic tree. 3. The Class Reptilia is a group of species that share a common
ancestor, but does not include all of that ancestor\'s descendants. It is therefore considered to be
a. monophyletic. b. polyphyletic. c. paraphyletic. d. an outgroup. e. a mosaic. 4. are widely used
for because they are the most likely indicators of evolutionary relationships. b. they are the most
likely to represent reproductive isolation among groups. c. they are easy to assess in preserved,
fossilized d. they are always the exact phenotypic expression of genotypes. e. they indicate
genetic relatedness. 5. Characters that provide evidence for evolutionary relationship are a.
homologous. b. analogous. C. taxonomic. d. convergent. e. morphological. 6. Fossils of plants
found in deeper geologic layers do not show vascular tissues, while fossils in shallower geologic
layers include some specimens with and some without vascular tissues. Thus, vascular ti in
plants is considered a character. ancestral b. mosaic c. primitive d. derived e. physiologically
essential
Solution
1. B phylogenetic tree
2.A clade a group of organism have common ancestor descendant is called clade.
3.C paraphyletic, where it share common ancestor but not a clade, such as archosuria, amniota,
diapsida,chelonia,lepidosauria, crocodylin
4.e to know about genetic relatedness.
5 C taxonomic character is the evidence of phylogenetic classification
6A ancestral character
7b branches of cladogram represents group of organisms share common ancestor.
8 a the crocodiles and birds share common ancestral origin.
9.e horizontal gene transfer.
10.a lemurs.. are a clade which consists of great apes..
1- During your semester abroad you are taking part in a field study in.pdf
1. During your semester abroad you are taking part in a field study in a tropical localtion.
Although the area is in the tropics you are afforded indoor plumbing and electricity during your
stay. However, because you are at risk to specific parasitic roundworms your instructor explains
how to stay safe from infection. Which of the following statements will help you avoid
infection?
Multiple Choice
a. Mosquito repellent should be worn during the day and mosquito netting should be used while
sleeping to protect you from Wuchereria bancrofti .
b. Mosquito repellent should be worn during the day and mosquito netting should be used while
sleeping to protect you from Necator americanus .
c. Shoes (no open-toed shoes or sandals) or boots should be worn to prevent infection by
Wuchereria bancrofti .
d. Shoes (no open-toed shoes or sandals) or boots should be worn to prevent infection by
Necator americanus .
2. Most cnidarians possess two distinct body forms: the polyp, which is _________blank, and the
medusa, which is _________blank.
Multiple Choice
a. sessile; motile.
b. asymmetric; radially symmetric.
c. poisonous; nonpoisonous.
d. diplobastic; triploblastic.
3. Insects - of the subphylum Hexapoda - are remarkable for how successful they have been and
for their diversity. Which of these are key traits that help the insects, in particular, be so
widespread, diverse, and in so many ecological roles? true or false
a. Most insects have wings. True or False
b. Most insects molt their hard exoskeleton. True or False
c. Insect mouthparts are specialized in many different forms. True or False
d. Insects are parasites so they benefit from the work and nutrition of other animals. True or
False
e. The diets of insects, overall, are extremely varied, so different insects can specialize in almost
any food source. True or False
4. Your lab group is presented with an unknown mollusk. Your task is to assign it to one of the
major taxonomic classes. Which characteristic would allow you to say definitively that it belongs
to the Class Cephalopoda?
Multiple Choice
a. Mantle.
b. Gills.
c. Nephridia.
d. A closed circulatory system.
5. Jellyfish sting through specialized cells on their tentacles. Which of these has the most similar
function to the sting of a jellyfish:
Multiple Choice
a. The sting of a bee is because it injects venom to defend itself when threatened.
b. The bite of a snake because it injects venom to immobilize prey to eat.
c. The thorn of a cactus makes it too pointy to chew up.
d. The irritating oils of poison ivy or poison oak that rub onto animals that come in contact with
it.
6. Segmentation in the annelid worms has facilitated locomotion and specialization of different
parts of these animals. Evaluate the following statements about segmentation in the annelids and
determine if they are true or false.
A. Excretion is accomplished by paired protonephridia with flame cells in every segment of the
body. True or False
B. If the organs in one segment fa.
Heredity and environment (worksheet 1)
This is a daily exercise to be used while teaching the SlideShare presentation Heredity and Environment found in:
http://www.slideshare.net/MMoiraWhitehouse
1- during which phase of growth or bacteria- most susceptible to antib (1).pdf
1. during which phase of growth or bacteria, most susceptible to antibiotics?
A. lag
b.stationary
c.decline
d.log
2. which is usually not sure of Archaea?
A. they are found as rods, spheres,or spirals
b. They contain peptidoglycan as part of their cell walls.
c. They contain rigid cell walls.
d. They reproduce by binary fission.
e. They are found a single cells.
3.Endotoxin
A. consists of LPS
B. May have different effects, depending on the specific bacterial source
C. Determines bacterial shape.
D. Is toxic due to the effects of peptide side chain.
e. Determines bacterial shape,, may have different effects depending on the specific
bacteria source, AND is toxic to the affects of the peptide side chains.
4. The capsule
A. Maybe used for protection AND Maybe used to help the bacteria adhere to surfaces
B. May be involved in energy production.
C. maybe used for protection
D. Maybe involved in movement
e. May be used to help the bacteria to here to surfaces.
5. pathogen in potato salad at picnic in sun. assume 10 cells with 20 minute generation
time what is the number of cells and population add time for hours?(state formula)
A. lag
b.stationary
c.decline
d.log
2. which is usually not sure of Archaea?
A. they are found as rods, spheres,or spirals
b. They contain peptidoglycan as part of their cell walls.
c. They contain rigid cell walls.
d. They reproduce by binary fission.
e. They are found a single cells.
3.Endotoxin
A. consists of LPS
B. May have different effects, depending on the specific bacterial source
C. Determines bacterial shape.
D. Is toxic due to the effects of peptide side chain.
e. Determines bacterial shape,, may have different effects depending on the specific bacteria
source, AND is toxic to the affects of the peptide side chains.
4. The capsule
A. Maybe used for protection AND Maybe used to help the bacteria adhere to surfaces
B. May be involved in energy production.
C. maybe used for protection
D. Maybe involved in movement
e. May be used to help the bacteria to here to surfaces.
5. pathogen in potato salad at picnic in sun. assume 10 cells with 20 minute generation time what
is the number of cells and population add time for hours?(state formula).
Assignment 2 Purpose The purpose of this assignment is to help or.docx
Assignment 2 Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to help organize your thoughts for the paper and to ensure that you have done all the needed research prior to beginning the writing of the paper.
**Note: This is a hypothetical example to give you an idea of how to format your outline and include the required sections. It is not necessary to follow all parts of this outline, as it is an example. The bolded headings are required the rest of the headings and details will depend on your species and information found in reference sources.**
Assignment 2 Profile Outline: Giant Monkey Tree Frog
Required Introduction Categories: Common and scientific names, Geographic range, Specific location (country, state, city), Specific location biome.
I. Introduction
A. Common and Scientific Names
Formatting: Note the format with the Roman numerals. Each subheading under the Roman Numeral (e.g. the capital letter) is required.
1. Common names: giant monkey tree frog. Also known as: blue and yellow frog, bicolored tree frog, giant monkey frog, giant leaf frog or waxy-monkey tree frog.
2. Scientific name: Phyllomedusa bicolor
B. Geographic Range
1. Amazon Basin (Frost, 2009)
a. Brazil
This is the correct way to write a scientific name! Scientific names are italicized and the genus capitalized and species name lower case.
b. Colombia
c. Bolivia
d. Peru
C. Specific Location (Country, State, City)
1. Brazil (Frost, 2009)
2. Columbia
D. Specific Location Biome
1. Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (de Paula Lima et al, 2010)
Types of biomes: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss5/biome/
E. Background and Description
1. Not at risk of extinction. (Frost, 2009)
2. Morphology
a. Unique from similar frogs by a pupil that is vertically elliptical (Gagliardo, 2009)
b. Nocturnal (Gagliardo, 2009)
c. Males 91-103 mm, females 111-119 mm (Encyclopedia of Life)
d. Dark green back with a white or cream belly (Encyclopedia of Life)
e. Spots can be found all over the organism, especially on the flank and back legs (Encyclopedia of Life)
f. Fingers are clear brown and have green adhesive discs (Encyclopedia of Life)
The required categories (minimum) of the Outline and Profile Paper are: Introduction/ Background, life cycle, structure & function, etc.), and evolution and additional interests.
g. Dark colored iris (Encyclopedia of Life)
3. Physiology (Folger, 1995)
a. Skin Pigments
The life cycle subcategories will depend on whether your species is an animal, a plant, a fungus, or a microbe.
Tip for Assignment 4: The introduction information plus background and description can be written in several introductory paragraphs. The first introduction paragraph should introduce the species and the rest of the paper as a standard writing practice.
i. Protect against sun damage
ii. Help in camouflage to blend into trees
iii. Regulate temperatures
b. Various secretions help
Please see additional help in the Assignment Instructions if you have a question on st ...
1 Humans dogs cats and all species of plant in my garden.pdf
1. Humans, dogs, cats, and all species of plant in my garden can perform anaerobic respiration. a.
TRUE b. FALSE 2. Respiration necessarily involves... a. Air b. Carbohydrates c. An
electrochemical gradient across a membrane d. Oxygen e. All of the above f. None of the above 3.
Over the 4-billion-year history of life on Earth, plants have been mostly responsible for all of the
photosynthesis that has taken place. a. TRUE b. FALSE 4. In the Cyanobacteria lineage, a way of
using H2O as an electron donor evolved. What's the big deal about this? Why was this significant?
Select all that apply. a. It changed the water cycle forever b. It created a source of Oxygen, which
spurred the evolution of other metabolisms that could use it c. It created a source of Oxygen,
which, once it became abundant, changed the redox chemistry of the Earth forever d. Never
before had organisms been able to use light energy as a source of energy and reduced
compounds like NADPH e. This form of photosynthesis would go on to become the dominant form
of carbon fixation on the planet 5. It's unlikely that we'd find the Calvin Cycle in any deep-sea
organisms, down where there is no sunlight to absorb. a. TRUE b. FALSE6. Which of the following
terms would describe an organism that harnesses energy from the sun but does not synthesize its
own carbon-based biomolecules from inorganic sources, such as CO2 ? a. Autotroph b.
Photoautotroph c. Chemoautotroph d. Photoheterotroph e. None of the above 7. Which of the
following should return the most results in a search on Web of Science? a. behavior OR color b.
behavio$r AND colo$r c. behavio $r OR colo$r d. behav* AND colo* e. behav* OR colo* f.
behavior AND color 8. I'm writing my own paper, and I want to cite a paper by Pardis Sabeti and
16 of her colleagues. The reference will appear at the end of my paper in the Works Cited section
as: Sabeti, P. C., Reich, D. E., Higgins, J. M., Levine, H. Z., Richter, D. J., Schaffner, S. F., ... &
Ackerman, H. C. (2002). Detecting recent positive selection in the human genome from haplotype
structure. Nature, 419(6909),832. Which of the following would be an appropriate way to cite this
paper in an in-text citation? Select all that apply. a. We adapted methods used to identify partial
selective sweeps at SNPs (Sabeti et al. 2002). b. We adapted methods used to identify partial
selective sweeps at SNPs (Sabeti, Reich, Higgins, et al. 2002). c. We adapted methods used to
identify partial selective sweeps at SNPs. (Sabeti et al. 2002) d. A variation on this theme was
proposed by (Sabeti et al. 2002) who considered the increase in the number of distinct haplotypes
away from the location of a putative selective sweep. e. A variation on this theme was proposed by
Sabeti et al. (2002) who considered the increase in the number of distinct haplotypes away from
the location of a putative selective sweep.f. A variation on this theme was proposed by Sabeti et
al. (2002) who considered the increase in the.
1. Primary sources2. Secondary sources3. La Malinche4. Bacon’s.docx
1. Primary sources
2. Secondary sources
3. La Malinche
4. Bacon’s rebellion
5. Robert Carter III
6. Mesoamerica
7. Middle Passage
8. Indentured servitude
9. The Jefferson-Hemings Controversy
10. Triangular trade
11. Saint Dominique Revolt
12. Syncretism
13. Olaudah Equiano
14. Christopher Columbus
15. Columbian Moment
16. Hernan Cortes
17. Florentine Codex
18. Master Narrative of American History
19. Reconquista
20. The Paradox of Slavery
21. Indian Removal Act 1830
22. Trail of Tears
23. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
24. Niños Heroes (Heroic Children)
25. Antonio López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón
26. The Royal Africa Company
27. John Locke
28. St. Patrick’s Battalion
29. Chilam Balam
30. Popol Vuh
31. El requerimiento (The Requirement)
32. Manifest Destiny
33. Moses and Stephen F. Austin
34. Colonialism
35. Colonial Legacy
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1. Prepare an outline, an introduction, and a summary.docx
1. Prepare
an outline
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, and
a summary
on the article selected. It s
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double spaced.
2. Prepare a 4
PowerPoint slides
from the report.
NOTE
: See the attachment below to review the article.
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IB Biology Option D.5: Phylogeny and systematics
Slideshow with links to animations and videos for students doing option D: Evolution in IB Biology
Multiple Choice 1. A diagram that hypothesizes a set .pdf
Multiple Choice 1. A diagram that hypothesizes a set of organisms\' evolutionary relationships
to one another is a a. comparison tree. b. phylogenetic tree. c. classification tree. d. taxonomic
tree. e. species tree 2. By definition, a monophyletic lineage is a a. clade. lb. taxon. C. genus. d.
family. e. phylogenetic tree. 3. The Class Reptilia is a group of species that share a common
ancestor, but does not include all of that ancestor\'s descendants. It is therefore considered to be
a. monophyletic. b. polyphyletic. c. paraphyletic. d. an outgroup. e. a mosaic. 4. are widely used
for because they are the most likely indicators of evolutionary relationships. b. they are the most
likely to represent reproductive isolation among groups. c. they are easy to assess in preserved,
fossilized d. they are always the exact phenotypic expression of genotypes. e. they indicate
genetic relatedness. 5. Characters that provide evidence for evolutionary relationship are a.
homologous. b. analogous. C. taxonomic. d. convergent. e. morphological. 6. Fossils of plants
found in deeper geologic layers do not show vascular tissues, while fossils in shallower geologic
layers include some specimens with and some without vascular tissues. Thus, vascular ti in
plants is considered a character. ancestral b. mosaic c. primitive d. derived e. physiologically
essential
Solution
1. B phylogenetic tree
2.A clade a group of organism have common ancestor descendant is called clade.
3.C paraphyletic, where it share common ancestor but not a clade, such as archosuria, amniota,
diapsida,chelonia,lepidosauria, crocodylin
4.e to know about genetic relatedness.
5 C taxonomic character is the evidence of phylogenetic classification
6A ancestral character
7b branches of cladogram represents group of organisms share common ancestor.
8 a the crocodiles and birds share common ancestral origin.
9.e horizontal gene transfer.
10.a lemurs.. are a clade which consists of great apes..
1- During your semester abroad you are taking part in a field study in.pdf
1. During your semester abroad you are taking part in a field study in a tropical localtion.
Although the area is in the tropics you are afforded indoor plumbing and electricity during your
stay. However, because you are at risk to specific parasitic roundworms your instructor explains
how to stay safe from infection. Which of the following statements will help you avoid
infection?
Multiple Choice
a. Mosquito repellent should be worn during the day and mosquito netting should be used while
sleeping to protect you from Wuchereria bancrofti .
b. Mosquito repellent should be worn during the day and mosquito netting should be used while
sleeping to protect you from Necator americanus .
c. Shoes (no open-toed shoes or sandals) or boots should be worn to prevent infection by
Wuchereria bancrofti .
d. Shoes (no open-toed shoes or sandals) or boots should be worn to prevent infection by
Necator americanus .
2. Most cnidarians possess two distinct body forms: the polyp, which is _________blank, and the
medusa, which is _________blank.
Multiple Choice
a. sessile; motile.
b. asymmetric; radially symmetric.
c. poisonous; nonpoisonous.
d. diplobastic; triploblastic.
3. Insects - of the subphylum Hexapoda - are remarkable for how successful they have been and
for their diversity. Which of these are key traits that help the insects, in particular, be so
widespread, diverse, and in so many ecological roles? true or false
a. Most insects have wings. True or False
b. Most insects molt their hard exoskeleton. True or False
c. Insect mouthparts are specialized in many different forms. True or False
d. Insects are parasites so they benefit from the work and nutrition of other animals. True or
False
e. The diets of insects, overall, are extremely varied, so different insects can specialize in almost
any food source. True or False
4. Your lab group is presented with an unknown mollusk. Your task is to assign it to one of the
major taxonomic classes. Which characteristic would allow you to say definitively that it belongs
to the Class Cephalopoda?
Multiple Choice
a. Mantle.
b. Gills.
c. Nephridia.
d. A closed circulatory system.
5. Jellyfish sting through specialized cells on their tentacles. Which of these has the most similar
function to the sting of a jellyfish:
Multiple Choice
a. The sting of a bee is because it injects venom to defend itself when threatened.
b. The bite of a snake because it injects venom to immobilize prey to eat.
c. The thorn of a cactus makes it too pointy to chew up.
d. The irritating oils of poison ivy or poison oak that rub onto animals that come in contact with
it.
6. Segmentation in the annelid worms has facilitated locomotion and specialization of different
parts of these animals. Evaluate the following statements about segmentation in the annelids and
determine if they are true or false.
A. Excretion is accomplished by paired protonephridia with flame cells in every segment of the
body. True or False
B. If the organs in one segment fa.
Heredity and environment (worksheet 1)
This is a daily exercise to be used while teaching the SlideShare presentation Heredity and Environment found in:
http://www.slideshare.net/MMoiraWhitehouse
1- during which phase of growth or bacteria- most susceptible to antib (1).pdf
1. during which phase of growth or bacteria, most susceptible to antibiotics?
A. lag
b.stationary
c.decline
d.log
2. which is usually not sure of Archaea?
A. they are found as rods, spheres,or spirals
b. They contain peptidoglycan as part of their cell walls.
c. They contain rigid cell walls.
d. They reproduce by binary fission.
e. They are found a single cells.
3.Endotoxin
A. consists of LPS
B. May have different effects, depending on the specific bacterial source
C. Determines bacterial shape.
D. Is toxic due to the effects of peptide side chain.
e. Determines bacterial shape,, may have different effects depending on the specific
bacteria source, AND is toxic to the affects of the peptide side chains.
4. The capsule
A. Maybe used for protection AND Maybe used to help the bacteria adhere to surfaces
B. May be involved in energy production.
C. maybe used for protection
D. Maybe involved in movement
e. May be used to help the bacteria to here to surfaces.
5. pathogen in potato salad at picnic in sun. assume 10 cells with 20 minute generation
time what is the number of cells and population add time for hours?(state formula)
A. lag
b.stationary
c.decline
d.log
2. which is usually not sure of Archaea?
A. they are found as rods, spheres,or spirals
b. They contain peptidoglycan as part of their cell walls.
c. They contain rigid cell walls.
d. They reproduce by binary fission.
e. They are found a single cells.
3.Endotoxin
A. consists of LPS
B. May have different effects, depending on the specific bacterial source
C. Determines bacterial shape.
D. Is toxic due to the effects of peptide side chain.
e. Determines bacterial shape,, may have different effects depending on the specific bacteria
source, AND is toxic to the affects of the peptide side chains.
4. The capsule
A. Maybe used for protection AND Maybe used to help the bacteria adhere to surfaces
B. May be involved in energy production.
C. maybe used for protection
D. Maybe involved in movement
e. May be used to help the bacteria to here to surfaces.
5. pathogen in potato salad at picnic in sun. assume 10 cells with 20 minute generation time what
is the number of cells and population add time for hours?(state formula).
Assignment 2 Purpose The purpose of this assignment is to help or.docx
Assignment 2 Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to help organize your thoughts for the paper and to ensure that you have done all the needed research prior to beginning the writing of the paper.
**Note: This is a hypothetical example to give you an idea of how to format your outline and include the required sections. It is not necessary to follow all parts of this outline, as it is an example. The bolded headings are required the rest of the headings and details will depend on your species and information found in reference sources.**
Assignment 2 Profile Outline: Giant Monkey Tree Frog
Required Introduction Categories: Common and scientific names, Geographic range, Specific location (country, state, city), Specific location biome.
I. Introduction
A. Common and Scientific Names
Formatting: Note the format with the Roman numerals. Each subheading under the Roman Numeral (e.g. the capital letter) is required.
1. Common names: giant monkey tree frog. Also known as: blue and yellow frog, bicolored tree frog, giant monkey frog, giant leaf frog or waxy-monkey tree frog.
2. Scientific name: Phyllomedusa bicolor
B. Geographic Range
1. Amazon Basin (Frost, 2009)
a. Brazil
This is the correct way to write a scientific name! Scientific names are italicized and the genus capitalized and species name lower case.
b. Colombia
c. Bolivia
d. Peru
C. Specific Location (Country, State, City)
1. Brazil (Frost, 2009)
2. Columbia
D. Specific Location Biome
1. Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest (de Paula Lima et al, 2010)
Types of biomes: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss5/biome/
E. Background and Description
1. Not at risk of extinction. (Frost, 2009)
2. Morphology
a. Unique from similar frogs by a pupil that is vertically elliptical (Gagliardo, 2009)
b. Nocturnal (Gagliardo, 2009)
c. Males 91-103 mm, females 111-119 mm (Encyclopedia of Life)
d. Dark green back with a white or cream belly (Encyclopedia of Life)
e. Spots can be found all over the organism, especially on the flank and back legs (Encyclopedia of Life)
f. Fingers are clear brown and have green adhesive discs (Encyclopedia of Life)
The required categories (minimum) of the Outline and Profile Paper are: Introduction/ Background, life cycle, structure & function, etc.), and evolution and additional interests.
g. Dark colored iris (Encyclopedia of Life)
3. Physiology (Folger, 1995)
a. Skin Pigments
The life cycle subcategories will depend on whether your species is an animal, a plant, a fungus, or a microbe.
Tip for Assignment 4: The introduction information plus background and description can be written in several introductory paragraphs. The first introduction paragraph should introduce the species and the rest of the paper as a standard writing practice.
i. Protect against sun damage
ii. Help in camouflage to blend into trees
iii. Regulate temperatures
b. Various secretions help
Please see additional help in the Assignment Instructions if you have a question on st ...
1 Humans dogs cats and all species of plant in my garden.pdf
1. Humans, dogs, cats, and all species of plant in my garden can perform anaerobic respiration. a.
TRUE b. FALSE 2. Respiration necessarily involves... a. Air b. Carbohydrates c. An
electrochemical gradient across a membrane d. Oxygen e. All of the above f. None of the above 3.
Over the 4-billion-year history of life on Earth, plants have been mostly responsible for all of the
photosynthesis that has taken place. a. TRUE b. FALSE 4. In the Cyanobacteria lineage, a way of
using H2O as an electron donor evolved. What's the big deal about this? Why was this significant?
Select all that apply. a. It changed the water cycle forever b. It created a source of Oxygen, which
spurred the evolution of other metabolisms that could use it c. It created a source of Oxygen,
which, once it became abundant, changed the redox chemistry of the Earth forever d. Never
before had organisms been able to use light energy as a source of energy and reduced
compounds like NADPH e. This form of photosynthesis would go on to become the dominant form
of carbon fixation on the planet 5. It's unlikely that we'd find the Calvin Cycle in any deep-sea
organisms, down where there is no sunlight to absorb. a. TRUE b. FALSE6. Which of the following
terms would describe an organism that harnesses energy from the sun but does not synthesize its
own carbon-based biomolecules from inorganic sources, such as CO2 ? a. Autotroph b.
Photoautotroph c. Chemoautotroph d. Photoheterotroph e. None of the above 7. Which of the
following should return the most results in a search on Web of Science? a. behavior OR color b.
behavio$r AND colo$r c. behavio $r OR colo$r d. behav* AND colo* e. behav* OR colo* f.
behavior AND color 8. I'm writing my own paper, and I want to cite a paper by Pardis Sabeti and
16 of her colleagues. The reference will appear at the end of my paper in the Works Cited section
as: Sabeti, P. C., Reich, D. E., Higgins, J. M., Levine, H. Z., Richter, D. J., Schaffner, S. F., ... &
Ackerman, H. C. (2002). Detecting recent positive selection in the human genome from haplotype
structure. Nature, 419(6909),832. Which of the following would be an appropriate way to cite this
paper in an in-text citation? Select all that apply. a. We adapted methods used to identify partial
selective sweeps at SNPs (Sabeti et al. 2002). b. We adapted methods used to identify partial
selective sweeps at SNPs (Sabeti, Reich, Higgins, et al. 2002). c. We adapted methods used to
identify partial selective sweeps at SNPs. (Sabeti et al. 2002) d. A variation on this theme was
proposed by (Sabeti et al. 2002) who considered the increase in the number of distinct haplotypes
away from the location of a putative selective sweep. e. A variation on this theme was proposed by
Sabeti et al. (2002) who considered the increase in the number of distinct haplotypes away from
the location of a putative selective sweep.f. A variation on this theme was proposed by Sabeti et
al. (2002) who considered the increase in the.
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1. Prepare an outline, an introduction, and a summary.docx
1. Prepare
an outline
,
an introduction
, and
a summary
on the article selected. It s
hould be
a report of at least 4 page
double spaced.
2. Prepare a 4
PowerPoint slides
from the report.
NOTE
: See the attachment below to review the article.
.
1. Normative moral philosophy typically focuses on the determining t.docx
1. Normative moral philosophy typically focuses on the determining the right action for a person to perform in a given situation. First, how specifically is Aristotle’s virtue ethics focused slightly differently? Next, Aristotle thought that virtues are traits of character that manifest themselves through habitual activity and that are good for anyone to have. What are some of the virtuous traits to have according to Aristotle and how does acting in accordance with them over time bring about “correct” moral action? What does it mean to act in a morally correct way according to Aristotle?
Directions:
Please provide detailed and elaborate responses to the following questions. Your responses should include examples from the reading assignments. Each response should be at least one half of one page in length and utilize APA format.
1. According to virtue ethicists, how are virtues acquired?
2. What is situationist psychology?
3. List and briefly describe one of the criticisms of virtue ethics.
4. What is "The Golden Mean?"
5. Why is virtue ethics particularly well-suited to the medical profession?
PART I:
Directions:
The following problems ask you to evaluate hypothetical situations and/or concepts related to the reading in this module. While there are no "correct answers" for these problems, you must demonstrate a strong understanding of the concepts and lessons from this module's reading assignment. Please provide detailed and elaborate responses to the following problems. Your responses should include examples from the reading assignments and should utilize APA guidelines. Responses that fall short of the assigned minimum page length will not earn any points.
1.
Think of a profession you are considering as a career: engineering, or perhaps law or accounting or teaching. Could you develop a distinctive set of virtues for that profession? That is, are there some virtues that would be particularly important for members of that profession? Your response should be at least one page in length.
2. An important distinction for virtue theorists is between people who are happy and people who are flourishing. Do you know anyone (a public figure or an acquaintance) whom you would count as happy but not flourishing?
Your response should be at least one half of one page in length.
3. I have lived a dissolute life for many years: a life devoted to excessive eating, heavy drinking, laziness, deceitfulness, and pettiness. At age 45, I awaken one morning in the gutter, painfully sober after a three-day binge, and I resolve to change my ways and pursue virtue. In your opinion, how long would it make me to become a virtuous person? Could I become virtuous in an hour? A week? A month? Ever?
Your response should be at least one page in length.
4. Suppose Dan is dying from an unknown disease. He is wealthy and will give half of his money to anyone who can save his life. Joe, not know.
1. Paper should be 5-pages min. + 1 page works cited2. Should have.docx
1. Paper should be 5-pages min. + 1 page works cited
2. Should have at least 10 annotated sources (copy article onto word, highlight main point, write a few sentences about how it'll help you in writing the paper at the bottom of page)
3
. Should have an INTRO, NARRATION, ARGUMENTS, REFUTATION, CONCUSION
4. Use in-text citations and have organized mla format works cited page
SAMPLE OUTLINE
Research Paper Outline
Title: Rebellious Libya
Thesis: The United States should not get involved with Libya’s conflicts.
I.
Introduction:
A.
Start with the question, what is war? Explain briefly.
B.
Talk about the wars of the United States.
C.
What were the outcomes of some of those wars?
II.
Narration:
A.
Give some background on Libya.
B.
Explain how Col. Muammar Gaddafi became the leader of Libya
C.
Talk about why the citizens of Libya want to overthrow Gaddafi.
D.
Explain why the people feel that the United States should get involved in Libya’s conflicts.
III.
Partition:
A.
Thesis: I believe that the United States should not get involve with Libya’s conflicts.
B.
Essay Map.
1.
Cost of war.
2.
Using money in other Departments other defense.
3.
Killing innocent civilians and soldiers.
4.
Helping unknown rebels
5.
Involvement of foreign wars
IV.
Arguments:
A.
The cost of war is rising by the minute. The Obama Administration proposed a budget of $553 billion dollars for the department.
B.
Instead of spending all that money on war, we should be investing that money on health care and education.
C.
This conflict has caused the lives of many innocent civilians. NATO openly admitted to have killed innocent civilians, due to misguidance.
D.
The rebels fighting against Gaddafi are in need of military supplies. I don’t think that it is a good idea to help unknown rebels. We helped the Afghanistan rebels when they were fighting Russia. After they were victorious, they later became the “Taliban” and used those weapons to attack the US.
E.
Getting involved in foreign wars is not a good idea. The US has been involved in many foreign wars lately. These wars have been in foreign countries where Islam is the prominent religion. Libya is one of these countries. The involvement of the US in these places, builds a bad reputation worldwide and among the Muslim community.
V.
Refutation:
A.
Gaddafi’s actions against the civilians of Libya are totally wrong. Killing your own people is bad and therefore, we should help the rebels overthrow him.
B.
Gaddafi has been in power for many years. In fact, he holds the record for most years in power in a single country. This type of power can potentially lead to corruption and mistreatment of civilians.
C.
The people of Libya deserve to have democracy. They should have the right to elect their own leader.
D.
If Al Qaeda is threatening NATO and Libyan mercenaries then we should help them fight terrorism.
VI.
Conclusion:
A.
Summarize my arguments.
B.
State why we should not get involve with Libya’s conf.
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1. Name and describe the three steps of the 'looking-glass self'.
2. List and describe the three stages in George Mead's model of human development.
3. Piaget developed a four-stage process to explain how children develop reasoning skills. List each and give an example of one of the stages.
4. Briefly summarize the three elements of Freud's theory of personality and explain why sociologist have negative reactions to his analysis.
5. How does the mass media reinforce society's expectations of gender?
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This assignment has to be 4 pages long, then it needs a cover page and reference page however that can not be a part of the four pages. So it would be 6 pages if you count the cover page and reference page!
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3. Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Research the ecological and political situation of these countries and write about their peculiar circumstances.
4. Colombia and Ecuador. Research about the truths and myths about this two countries and write about your impressions on these stereotypes.
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1. Many scholars have set some standards to judge a system for taxation for its validity. How can you decide if a tax is good or bad?
You can consider these five following principles for your Discussion. What do these issues mean? How do you think they matter?
Adequacy Equity Exportability Neutrality Simplicity
What other tax revenue systems could you consider? How do you think they would be better or worse?
2. What role do taxes play in political issues?
3. What is your opinion of a flat tax as some politicians have proposed?
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3. List and (in 1-2 sentences) describe the 5 factors that led to the ourbreak of world war 2.
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1. Please explain how the Constitution provides for a system of separation of powers and checks and balances. Provide a fully developed essay of at least 500 words, and cite sources used.
2. Describe how a bill becomes a law at the national level, in a fully developed essay of at least 500 words. Support your work with cited sources, references to Lecture Notes, or URLs where you obtained your information.
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PS: please dont waste my time if you will do a messy assigment, just dont send me a msg.
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2. What is the difference between basic sociology and applied sociology?
3. List and describe the eight steps of the scientific research model.
4. Discuss the importance of ethics in social research. Define what is meant by ethics.
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1. Of the three chemical bonds discussed in class, which of them is simultaneously the weakest and most important for life on this planet as we know it?
2.Carbohydrates are very important sources of energy for life. Plants and arthropods also use carbohydrates as components of structures that are very important for their existence. Provide the names of the two most important carbohydrate based structures (one for plants and one for arthropods) and the carbohydrate components that are used to form them.
3._____________ _____________ are joined by ______________ bonds to form proteins.
4.Proteins can be used for several functions. Provide examples of structural and metabolic functions of proteins.
5.Describe the phosholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. Why is this bilayer important for the formation of cells and the sequestration of chemical reactions within the cell?
.
1. Look at your diagrams for hydrogen, lithium, and sodium. What do .docx
1. Look at your diagrams for hydrogen, lithium, and sodium. What do they all have in common? What group are these elements in on the periodic table?
2. Look at your diagrams for fluorine and chlorine. What do they have in common?
Picture is in the link. Put answers on the word document and re-submit
.
1. Name the following molecules2. Sketch the following molecules.docx
1. Name the following molecules:
2. Sketch the following molecules:
3-cyclohexenone
4-ethyl 2,2,5-trimethyl 3-hexanone
ethyl butyrate
pentanoic acid
2-chloro 4-methyl 2,5-heptadienal
3,4-dichloro 4-ethyl octanal
p-chloro phenol
3-bromo 2-chloro 4-methyl hexane
3-cyclopropyl 1,2-cyclopentanediol
methyl phenyl ether
3,5-dimethyl 2-heptene-4,5-diol
3. Give two different uses for ethanol.
4. Name two categories of organic compounds (alkanes, aldehydes…) that have very strong characteristic odours.
.
1. List the horizontal and vertical levels of systems that exist in .docx
1. List the horizontal and vertical levels of systems that exist in organizations.
2.
Describe at least five steps involved in systems integration
3.
What is the role of ERP systems in system integration?
4. Why do you think functional silos are not appropriate for today's organization? Discuss your answer from organizational and technical perspectives.
5. Pick an organization that you know of or where you are/were working and provide examples of logical and physical integration issues that were faced by the organization when they broke the functional silos and moved to integrated systems.
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1. If we consider a gallon of gas as having 100 units of energy, and 25 of those units are used to move the car, what law of thermodynamics accounts for the other 75 units of energy? (Points : 2)
the first law
the second law
2. Which of these is not a component of a molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? (Points : 3)
adenosine
phosphate
deoxyribose sugar
ribose sugar
3. Glycolysis is a sequence of ______ chemical reactions. (Points : 3)
nine
six
five
ten
4. Exergonic reactions produce products with a ___ energy level than that of the initial reactants. (Points : 3)
lower
higher
the same
5. When chemical X is reduced, which of these expressions would be an accurate representation of its reduced state? (Points : 3)
XO
XH
X
HX
6. Most enzymes are which kind of organic compound? (Points : 3)
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
none of the above
7. The area on an enzyme where the substrate attaches is called the: (Points : 3)
active site
allosteric site
anabolic site
inactive site
8. Which of the following creatures would not be an autotroph? (Points : 3)
cactus
cyanobacteria
fish
palm tree
9. The process by which most of the world's autotrophs make their food is known as: (Points : 3)
glycolysis
photosynthesis
chemosynthesis
herbivory
10. Plants are the only organisms that use ATP for the transfer and storage of energy. (Points : 2)
True
False
11. The colors of light in the visible range (from longest wavelength to shortest) are: (Points : 3)
ROYGBIV
VIBGYOR
GRBIYV
ROYROGERS
12. Chlorophyll is a green pigment because it absorbs only the green part of the visible light spectrum. (Points : 2)
True
False
13. The photosynthetic pigment that is essential for the process to occur is: (Points : 3)
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
beta carotene
xanthocyanin
14. A photosystem is: (Points : 3)
a collection of hydrogen-pumping proteins
a series of electron-accepting proteins arranged in the thylakoid membrane
a collection of photosynthetic pigments arranged in a thylakoid membrane
found only in prokaryotic organisms
15. Which of these molecules is NOT a product of the Electron Transport System? (Points : 3)
ATP
Water
Pyruvate
NAD+
16. The dark reactions require all of these chemicals to proceed except: (Points : 3)
ATP
NADPH
carbon dioxide
oxygen
17. The structural unit of photosynthesis, where the photosystems are located, are called: (Points : 3)
chlorophylls
eukaryotes
stroma
thylakoids
18. Which of the following does NOT occur during the light independent process? (Points : 3)
CO2 is used to form carbohydrates
NADPH converts to NADP
ADP converts to ATP
ATP converts to ADP
19. The production of ATP that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called: (Points : 3)
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
chemiosmosis
photosynthesis
20. The first stable chemical formed by the Calvin Cycle is: (Points :.
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2.Our stage of life, intellectual/cognitive abilities, and sociocultural position in life, affect our perspectives and resultant behaviors about a number of conditions including cancer. Consider the information provided in the
“Introduction to the Miller Family”
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.
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1. IP v6 has a couple of advantages over IP v4. The first one being the address length is 128 bits, over 32 bits in v4. Multicasting allows, “Multiple destinations in a single send operation.” (ipv6.com, 2013) This allows for one to many communications over a network. This allows only one packet to be sent, and be sent to multiple receivers. A v6 packet has a header and a payload. The header has a fixed portion, containing the source and destination addresses, hop counter, and any classifying information. The address is eight groups of 16-bit values; shown as 4 hexidecimal digits. The biggest reason for v6 is that there was a need for more IP addresses and helps route the numerous packets over each network. The three types of addresses are unicast, multicast, and anycast.
2.
One of the greatest changes in Internet usage in recent years has been the onset of high bandwidth video streaming services such as Hulu, Netflix, and Amazon streaming media. Although a notably larger number of American homes have access to higher bandwidth connections such as cable and 4G wireless speeds, the underlying infrastructure of the Internet remains largely the same as it has been for many years (Pandya, 2009). In Huston’s article, the concept known as ‘jitter’ is used to allow TCP traffic to adjust the packet delivery rate to compensate for data flow between endpoints on the greater WAN. In the case of streaming providers, it seems logical to assume that most consumers would see a higher amount of buffering than would be acceptable for such a service, especially from users of cellular networks.
Although I was not able to find anything specific about how these various streaming applications are configured to accommodate jitter, I can make some inferences. In the case of streaming content from Windows Media Player, transmission is usually based largely on UDP traffic as opposed to TCP traffic (Li, Claypool, & Kinicki, 2002). In order for the stream to appear virtually seamless, it seems to indicate that the application or the server which sends the stream to the client has some sort of traffic analysis that may even pre-buffer content to reduce traffic bottlenecks. According to Li, Claypool, and Kinicki’s research regarding the differences between Media Player and Real Player, their research seemed indicative that the RealPlayer software itself managed the MTU of streaming traffic to limit the actual TCP stream from being buffered. It seems plausible, then, that the software client used by streaming providers may have a similar system in place which has allowed them to successfully deliver high-bandwidth video without a large amount of traffic breaks.
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