one of material in non fiction subject

1. Two Treatises on
Government
Anwar Fauzi
Vera

2. Absolute Monarchy
oBefore Locke wrote Two Treatises of Government
the political life of England and France in the XVII
century was dominated by the discourse of
absolute monarchy doctrine. In the context of
British history, the birth of the absolute monarchy
doctrine was an answer to the socio-political
chaos caused by the civil war and religious wars
that occurred at that time.

3. What is Absolute Monarchy ?
o Absolute Monarchy is ruled by one person. A monarch usually a
king or a queen. Their actions are restricted neither by written law
nor by custom.
o A monarchy becomes a leader by family. it is passed down as
family inheritance.
o An absolutes monarch benefit is that their power is unlimited and
inherited, it is the supreme leader.
o The king or queen is the only one who can hold all the power and
decisions.
o The citizens do not have freedom and no rights to vote or be a part
of law making or elections or decisions.

4. What is Absolute Monarchy ?
oMeanwhile, Locke appeared as a staunch
opponent of the country's absolute monarchy.
Locke considers that absolute monarchy is
contrary to the principles of civil society that he
believes. From here lies Locke's intellectual
enmity with Sir Robert Filmer, the main proponent
of the absolutism of the XVII century European
monarchy as outlined in his Patriarcha.

5. Influence on Society
oLocke's opinion about the state had
enormous influence in various parts of the
world. The concept of government by
consent of the people and understanding of
people's trust in the government as the
basis for its legitimacy includes the basic
understandings of modern political science

6. Influence on Society
Natural state appears to be "a state of
peace, good will, mutual assistance, and
preservation"
The most important basic human rights are
the right to life and the right to defend
oneself
Human motivation to establish a state, namely guaranteeing human rights,
especially property rights, is the goal of the state. Therefore, the main obligations
of the state are to protect the life and property of the citizens. It is only for that
purpose that citizens leave their freedom in that natural state of fear. Therefore,
the state uses its power to maintain the inner and outer interests of society.

7. Influence on Society
Furthermore, Locke emphasized that the basic purpose
of forming a political power is to protect and maintain
civil liberties. In order to protect civil liberties, the state
may do whatever it takes. The state is allowed to use
violence to the extent that it is for that purpose and not
other goals such as the glory of the nation, the common
good, etc.

8. Constitution
To prevent the emergence of an absolute
state and to ensure the life of civil
society, Locke talked about the strategic
role of the constitution in limiting the
power of the state he imagined. This
constitution has a very important function
as a principal limitation on state power

9. Separation of Powers
Legislative = Legislative power is the institution that makes laws and other
fundamental legal regulations
Executive = Executive power is the power that implements laws and legal regulations
made by the legislative power
Federative = Federative power is power related to foreign relations, the power to
determine war, peace, leagues and alliances between countries, and transactions
with foreign countries.