Bp Oil Spill Globalization

Bp Oil Spill Globalization
The 20th of April 2010 will be marked as the worst day in British Petroleum PLC's history, the day
that there was an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig whilst drilling in the Gulf of
Mexico, killing 11 people and causing devastation to all the surrounding areas. The events of this
day affected the global markets and relationships between countries substantially.
¹Daniels et al. (2009) states that globalisation is "The broadening set of interdependence
relationships among people from different parts of a world that happens to be divided into nations."
and "the integration of world economies through the reduction of barriers to the movement of trade,
capital, technology, and people". And undoubtedly the disaster has affected ... Show more content on
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The oil spill has been subject to global media coverage. On the 21st of April 2010 news
broadcasting companies were broadcasting the news of this oil disaster all over the world. Every day
in almost any general newspaper there would be an article based on both the chief executive officer
(CEO) of BP and how he planned to solve the disaster or just reporting the disaster again. This is a
great example of Globalisation. Due to the improvement of technologies such as the internet/
broadband and other improvements in telecommunications the globe could now receive instant news
/coverage about almost anything almost anywhere in the world. Meaning that people are now more
aware of what is going on in the world.
²The drill that was used to drill the well in the first place is an example of trading across continents.⁶
The drilling contractor that BP used to sort after a new oil rig, Transocean are a Swiss based
company and instead of sourcing its production in either the UK, Switzerland or the US – where
most of its shareholders reside, or in the UK where the company – British Petroleum – is named
after; Transocean chose Hyundai Heavy Industries Shipyard, based in Ulsan; South Korea, as the
company to build the oil rig which is valued at $560,000,000 – a contract which will have supported
the steel industry in South Korea greatly. This shows the whole world were cooperating and working
with each other to extract the oil from the
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Bp Oil Spill Research Paper
"This is probably the largest environmental disaster we have ever faced in this country. It is certainly
the biggest oil spill and we are responding with the biggest environmental response." stated Carol
Browner, Barack Obama's advisor on energy and climate.The offshore drilling industry has made
tremendous technological strides since first freestanding structure,. for drilling was built in 1937 in
the Gulf of Mexico in 14 feet of water, and more than a mile offshore. Therefore, ten years later, the
first well from which oil is being produced located out of sight of land was drilled from a fixed
platform off the Louisiana coast. On April 20, 2010, the deepwater horizon offshore drilling rig
exploded in the gulf of Mexico. Due to the B.P Oil Spill, people who depend on oil for energy and
gas had a struggle. Why the B.P Oil spill happened, what happened during the spill, and the
aftermath/effects of the spill are very noticeable ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, in 2010, Transocean created an oil rig off the coast of Louisiana. 7 productive years later, the
rig exploded, almost in sync with the B.P team getting an award for no explosions in 7 years. The
team also skipped the pressure test, which was supposed to be the week before the explosion, on
April 13. Many scientists believe they skipped it because it was estimated 9–12 hours, with a very
expensive cost. As a result of these other projects, the employees were focusing less on the rig,
which soon exploded at 9:56 pm, April 20.
Many scientists blame the world renowned oil company, Switzerland based Transocean Ltd.
Transocean did end up paying a costly amount of 18.7 million dollars, and 75 million for damages.
Although Transocean payed money to restore the rig, they could not pay back for all of the indirect
damages towards fisheries and wildlife. Lucky for Transocean, the government dedicated a trust
fund with one tenth of 1% of the price

Sample Resume : Mechanical Fitter / Leading Hand With...
Mechanical Fitter/Leading Hand with extensive experience and skills gained working for various
leading companies over the past 8 years, with proven capabilities performing ongoing maintenance
and repairs on wide–ranging engines, generators and drilling equipment. Highly proficient in the
fitting and assembly of metal parts, tools and sub–assemblies with the capacity to examine detailed
drawings and specifications to find out job, material and equipment requirements. I possess strong
technical skills and a sound mechanical aptitude, with the ability to work at heights, in confined
spaces and challenging conditions. Physically fit, flexible in working hours and shifts undertaken, I
am self–motivated and adaptable, with the ability to work at short notice on a FIFO basis. Safety
focused, I consistently adhere to workplace OH&S regulations, instilling a positive safety culture,
promoting safe work practices and actively contributing to achieving a zero harm environment.
Qualifications 2016 – Current Bachelor of Engineering (Major in Petroleum) Curtin University 2016
Engineering Tradesperson Mechanical (Fitter & Machinist), Recognition of Prior Learning/South
West Regional College of TAFE Licences, Tickets & Certificates 2016 Drilling Operations,
Supervisor, Surface/Subsea – IADC WellTrain 2015 Work Safely at Heights RIIWHS204D, Safe
Right 2015 Confined Space Entry – SafeRight 2014 High Risk Work Licences (Classes: DG, LF,
RA, RB, SA & SB – Licence

The Drilling For Offshore Drilling
IS MAKING OIL DEALS WORTH THE SPILLS It seems today that everything comes with a
promise or a benefit. Often as humans we have to make the choice whether we want to be more
self–reliance or have a safer environment. That brings us to the subject of offshore drilling in
regards to the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Offshore drilling is the process of drilling for oil
offshore in places such oceans or sea beds through an oil rig. Sound like something non–complex.
Many would assume that offshore drilling could not have very much effect in regards to onshore.
The most politically correct way for a person to decide where they stand on this issues is to research
both sides of it. If a person only looks at one side of the spectrum when it ... Show more content on
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Not even covering the danger of accidents the process in which oil is drilled is dangers in itself to
the environment. During the process of drilling offshore, "each drill well generates tens of thousands
of gallons of waste drilling muds (materials used to lubricate drill bits and maintain pressure) and
cuttings. Drilling muds contain toxic metals such as mercury, lead, and cadmium that may
bioaccumulate and biomagnify in marine organisms, including in our seafood supply."(Natural
Resources Defense Council 2009) Having yet to cover the worst part of offshore oil drilling we have
already come across toxic metals that are released in the water during the drilling process. These
toxic metals that are released in the water are not only harmful to water creatures and wildlife but
extremely harmful to humans. Take the toxic metal lead, for example, lead in itself is very
detrimental to the health of adults. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the
intake of lead can lead to, " cardiovascular effects, increased blood pressure, the incidence of
hypertension, decreased kidney function, and reproductive problems (in both men and women).
Even low levels of lead in the blood of children can result in; behavior and learning problems, lower
IQ, hyperactivity, slowed growth, hearing problems, and anemia. "( United States Environmental
Protection Agency 2015) If you as an adult does not care enough

What Happened At The Macondo Well
Humans are a poisonous sludge, slowly poisoning ourselves and all other inhabitants. There are
many ways we do this, offshore oil drilling being one of them. Offshore oil drilling is the process of
drilling into the earth and pulling up petroleum, a natural fuel source made of decomposed
organisms. While there are many positive effects, there are too many negative ones for oil drilling to
continue. Offshore oil drilling is too dangerous to be considered safe for use in the ecosystem. Not
only is it too dangerous, oil rigs are made in an environment many would deem too hazardous for
settling any type of structure. Oil drilling kills many people each year and pollutes the marine
environment, killing the oceans natural inhabitants. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nature is unpredictable and one cannot prepare for every outcome. While nature is a big factor in
well breaches, one main factor is the oil companies' lack of restrictions. This is demonstrated in
"National Environmental Health Association Position on Offshore Oil Drilling", where the author
states: "An ABC News review of federal records shows that in spite of chronic safety violations,
MMS... In a majority of cases in which workers were killed, there was no record of fines paid. When
fines were imposed, the maximum penalty was only $25,000" (5). This quote shows how much the
oil companies are allowed to get away with. If this were to happen in any other industry, they would
have been arrested and forced to pay millions of dollars in fines, but not when it comes to oil
because of how much revenue it brings in. The amalgam of these three facts shows the dangers of
oil drilling in the extreme environments that oil is found in. In addition, offshore oil drilling causes
water pollution and disrupts the marine ecosystem. Doctor Ermal Xhelilaj states in his article, "The
Behavior and Effects of Oil Pollution into Marine Environment and Oceans" that "Shorelines are
also vulnerable to the oil pollution and a study of the US Coast Guard has revealed that exposed
rocky cliffs and seawalls, wave cut rocky platforms, fine to medium–grained sand beaches, coarse–
grained sand beaches, mixed sand and gravel beaches, gravel beaches/ riprap

Mexican Oil Spill Analysis
"After the Spill is gone: The Gulf of Mexico, Environmental Crime, and the Criminal Law [dagger]"
covers the deep water oil rig spill in the Gulf of Mexico that took place on April 20, 2010. The most
devastating spill to our environment, causing the death of eleven people and three months of oil
gushing into our waters harming our environment. There was an estimated 4.9 million barrels
(approximately 200 million gallons) of oil spilled. This law review relates to the reading in the
Effective Human Relations book, Twelfth Edition, by showing us corporate crime, ethics, morals
and whistle–blowing. Environmental and corporate business peaks my interests and is why I chose
this review. According to the University of Michigan's facility biographies, ... Show more content on
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The estimated damage was between twenty and fifty billion dollars to the area. The companies, BP,
Transocean and Halliburton strayed away from the industry standards in the drilling of the Macondo
well. During the drilling Transocean experienced "well control with violent kicks' of gas and oil"
Comments by workers made were "nightmare well" and "well from hell" Transocean reports the
blowout preventer had not been inspected since 2000, BP reports maintenance audits in 2009 that
the rig needed thirty–five hundred hours of work. The coast guard and Mineral Management
Services reports stated the rig had experienced numerous spills and fires due to the malfunction of
equipment, faulty operation by employees and weather during the nine years Macondo drilled for
BP. The reports listed that BP cut corners using single wall pipe, not circulating mud before
installing cement seals, only installing six of twenty spacers that Halliburton recommended. BP
failed to conduct necessary testing, warning signs were missed, alarms and safety systems on the rig
failed to operate. The Presidential commission commented on the spill "The most significant failure
at Macondo – and the clear root cause of the blowout – was failure of industry management." (Page

Essay On Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
The topic I want to use for case study is "Deepwater Horizon oil spill" in 2010, which is also called
"Gulf of Mexico oil spill of 2010". It is the largest marine oil spill in the history, it caused
approximately 41 miles (66 kilometers) leakage off the coast of Louisiana, and its subsequent
sinking on April 22. The Deepwater Horizon rig is owned and operated by offshore–oil–drilling
company Transocean and leased by oil company BP. After leakage accident, BP company has agreed
to pay $175 m to settle claims that it deceived shareholders by underplaying the severity of the 2010
Gulf of Mexico oil spill. About 4.9m barrels of crude oild leaked into the Gulf after the Deepwater
Horizon rig exploded, 11 people lost their lives, 17 people get injured.Because it is the worst oil
spill ever and even had casualities, it is really ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Pore pressure need to be fully controlled throughout the drilling and well completion operations to
minimize the occurrence of well kicks. Regardless to this, Macondo was a particularly challenging
well. These actions must be initiated before a kick developed into a blowout. Once the oil left the
ell, it spread throughout the water. Some diffused into the ocean's surface formed oil slicks, which is
able to spread quicker and can be pushed by winds and provide even more threats to marine animals.
The consequences are horrific, more than a third of federal waters in the gulf were closed to fishing
at the peak of the spill, because of the contamination, fish could be toxic and dead. An article from
the BP website noted that on the evening of April 20, 2010, the gas release and subsequent explosion
occurred on the Deepwater Horizon rig working on the Macondo exploration well in Gulf of
Mexico. The fire burned for 36 hours before the rig sank and the hydrocarbons leaked into the Gulf
of Mexico before the well was close and

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Deep Sea Oil Rig
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction 1
Types of Deep Sea Oil Rig Platform 2
1. Spar 2
Overview and structures 2
Construction method 2
2. Subsea system 3
3. Tension leg platform 4
Conclusion 5
Reference 6
Appendix A: Spar 7
Appendix B: Subsea System 8
Appendix C: Tension Leg Platform 9 INTRODUCTION
An offshore platform which is also known as oil rig is utilised on exploration oil and gas from under
seabed and processing. It consists of facilities for drilling, storing and process as well as extracting
product. The wells are drilled and platforms are constructed for the operation. An oil rig is
constructed to draw out oil or gas from the seafloor. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
TENSION LEG PLATFORM
Overview and structures
A tension leg platform (TLP) is a floating platform that held in position by securing tension legs to
the foundation at the seabed. The followings are the compartment or system of the tension leg
platform.
The foundation can be either steel piles, templates or a gravity foundation. Its function is to link the
seafloor with the TLP. The foundations are constructed onshore and transported to the site.
Templates are only used when needed. A template is used to set a frame on the seafloor to provide a
layout for the location of wells and foundation to be installed.
The hull provides buoyancy to the platform. It also holds the deck and its facilities. A typical hull
has four air–filled columns supported by pontoons. The floating structure requires mooring systems
or tension legs to stay in position. In TLP, the mooring system consists of tension legs which secure
the foundation to the hull. Their length depends on water depth.
Units or elements of the surface facilities are known as modules. Modules which consist of the

wellbay, power, process, quarters and drilling is fixed to the deck.
A production riser conveys products from the well to the equipments on the platform.
Construction

Spring Pole History
Spring Pole
Spring pole was the oldest type for drilling holes in the ground, the holes that spring pole can drill
for is water, brine and oil, which can also drill for 1000 feet, it was built 4000 years ago by Chinese.
Spring pole consists with a long strong spring pole, drill bit, counter–weight and rope, to start
working, it must pressing stirrups for drilling. Volatility in the pole and the force of gravity help the
drill bit to drill the vertical movement and crush rocks into small particles, and when the water is
mixed with small molecules, it turns out the mud and bailer is used for drilling to extract the mud.
Cable tool
In June 1860, the first well–powered engine that is used to produce 100 barrels a depth of 140 feet in
Virginia, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There were piles of solid heavy driven into the sea floor to support each platform, and drilling rig
derricks had to be mounted on each platform, and it was took a long time and costly. Engineers of
Aramco began to scan portable rigs used in the industry, and in 1957, they made a three legged
platform called "Texas Towers", and transferred to Saudi Arabia in 1958, it provided the means for a
cost break–through in Aramco offshore drilling. Aramco platform, without drilling rig, is an
isosceles triangle, the deck 94 feet on the sides and 104 feet in the third, and the steel tank in the
water becomes a hull and buoyant. The three equilateral pylons, or legs, are each 125 feet long and
individually interlaced with tubular steel bracing, and the gears for each leg let the leg down into the
water until the foot is firmly set upon the sea floor. The gears continue to turn and the hull climbs up
the legs and becomes a platform. AMDP–1 Started Work with Aramco Drilling Tender No. 1 (ADT–
1) in March, 1961, and this platform is the smaller and a

The Deepwater Horizon Is An Oil Drilling Rig
The Deepwater Horizon is an oil drilling rig that was built in South Korea by Hyundai Heavy
Industries in 2001. The rig was a massive mobile drill as it was measured to be "396 by 256 feet"
(Report). Additionally, it was considered to be an exploratory rig, not an actual excavator rig. The
rig was commissioned to Transocean which later leased it to British Petroleum, an oil and gas
company. The oil rig was once well known as "it set the world record for the deepest oil and gas
well ... 35,055 feet" (http://www.nola.com/news/gulf–oil–
spill/index.ssf/2010/04/deepwater_horizon_rig_had_hist.html). However, in a more recent event, it
is well known for the worst man–made environmental disaster in United States history. The disaster
would occur 50 miles from Louisiana, at the Macondo well. The well was leased to BP in 2008 and
drilling operation began in 2009. It had a crew of 146 people. The intention of drill the Macondo
well was to create a route between the gas and oil supply that was under the sea floor.
The disaster occurred on April 20, 2010, when the mobile drill unit, Deepwater Horizon was
beginning final preparations to end drilling operations in the Macondo well. The plan was to seal the
well and extract hydrocarbons at a later time and move on to a new drilling site. This, however,
would not be the case as the rig experienced an explosion on board the drill. At around "10:00 p.m.,
the rig unexpectedly began to shake and a loud surging noise was accompanied by natural gas,

Pros And Cons Of Ol
OIL AND GAS ECONOMICS
ON APRIL 10,2010 THERE WAS A HUGE OIL RIG EXPLOSION AND OIL SPILLED IN THE
GULF OF MEXICO WHICH TOOK LIVES OF 11 PEOPLE .THIS OIL SPILL SCENE
HAPPENED 40 MILES OFF THE COAST NAMED LOUISSIAN COAST SITUATED IN GULF
OF MEXICO.THE BRITISH PETROLEUM GAVE CONTRACT OF DRILLING THE WELL TO
SOME TRANS UNION AND DURING THAT DRILLING PERIOD, OIL AND NATURAL GAS
LEAKED ON THE OCEAN FLOOR.THE OIL WAS ESCAPED FROM THE HOLE BLOWOUT
OF THE DRILLING PIPE AND GAS FOLLOWED THE OIL BECAUSE OIL AND GAS ARE
FOUND IN THE SAME RESERVOIRS. PEOPLE CLAIM THIS HUGE DISASTER HAPPENED
DUE TO THE RESULT OF MISHAPS WHICH WAS BEING IGNORED FROM MANY DAYS
PRIOR TO THIS OIL RIG EXPLOSION.
THE MAIN CAUSES WHICH WERE BEING SUSPECTED OF THIS OIL RIG EXPLOSION

Should The BP Oil Spill
Have you ever been to the beach and been told you are not allowed to enter the water due to oil
consuming the shoreline? I was just in middle school when I took a family vacation to Alabama, and
shortly I realized this vacation wouldn't be near as much fun as I had planned on it being. At the
time, I had no idea why and how oil had accumulated in mass amounts on the beaches and in the
water. However, years later I learned of the United States largest environmental disaster ever to
happen, known as the BP Oil Spill. What regulations should be passed to ensure us all that an oil
spill of this magnitude won't happen again? Lives were lost as well as harm and death to many
marine animals. BP should have had considerably more regulations aboard ... Show more content on
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Until the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the worst oil spill had been the Exxon Valdez spill in 1979.
The Exxon Valdez spill also took place in the Gulf of Mexico and dumped around 190 million less
gallons of oil than the BP oil spill. The first cleanup barge did not reach the site for 14 hours and by
then, nearly 1,100 miles of shoreline had been covered in oil. This was the first oil spill that was
responsible for the eye–opening controversy over the safety of deepwater oil rigs. With that being
said, the impact of the BP oil spill is still in existence today. The economy suffered tremendously in
the Gulf areas. The oil spill on the fisheries industry could total $8.7 billion by 2020, including the
un–employment of 22,000 jobs. The spill was also a huge blow to the ecosystem on a global scale.
Endangered sea turtles that had usually migrated to the Gulf from Mexico, South America and West
Africa died in the spill. Bottlenose dolphins living in Barataria Bay, Louisiana had a 63% lower
reproductive season compared to other dolphin species following the oil spill. Finally, the deep–
water coral reefs were almost wiped out over an area three times larger than Manhattan. The results
of the oil spill are not always readily visible for us to clearly see, but that doesn't mean that they still
don't exist to this day. Additionally, it has been seven years since the oil spill and until 2015, the
future of the two BP employees in charge of the rig at the time of the spill was unknown. However,
on 3 December 2015, US federal prosecutors dropped the manslaughter charges against Donald
Vidrine and Robert Kaluza, who were the two rig supervisors on the day of Deepwater Horizon
explosion. This ended the United States pursuit of criminal charges over the BP employees. But,
"The two supervisors still have to face allegations

Deepwater Horizon Was An Offshore Drilling Rig
Deepwater Horizon was an offshore drilling rig built in 2001 in South Korea by Hyundai Heavy
Industries. In September 2009, the rig drilled the deepest oil well in history with a vertical depth of
35,050 feet.
An unplanned flow of well fluids into the wellbore can be dangerous as it could cause a blowout
which would then cause a fire. In order to prevent this, driller's pump a drilling mud into the well,
creating a barrier between the undersea oil and gas and the rig. The safety of the drilling crew relies
on a piece of equipment placed on the top of the sea floor called the blowout preventer. This is
essential for controlling the well and in an emergency situation preventing a disaster on the platform
high above on the sea surface. The blowout preventer is connected to the rig by a large diameter
pipe called a riser. If a blowout occurs the blowout preventer is designed to prevent flammable oil
and gas travelling up the drilling rig.
At 8:45pm on April 20th 2010 a blowout occurred in the well. Oil and gas entered the wellbore
undetected, eventually passing above the blowout preventer. Quickly it made its way up the riser
towards the Deepwater Horizon and the 126 people on board. Just after 9:40 pm, drilling mud forced
upwards by the rising oil and gas suddenly blew out on the rig. Crew members responded by closing
the upper annular preventer. This did not work. They then tried to close a pipe ram. This
successfully closed the annular space and sealed the well but this

BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Essay
Buildup to the BP–Oil Spill
The eventual buildup to the BP oil spill started during the Bush Administration. The Bush
Administration's oil demand and antigovernment sensibility soiled the Minerals Management
Service (MMS), the agency charged with regulating offshore drilling. Vice President Dick Cheney
had presided over the weakening of drilling regulations, including the exclusion of remote–shut–off
switches which might have prevented the disaster. Soon, MMS was nothing but a shell of its former
shell filled with corruption and political influence. In a 2008 report it was found that the agency's
regulators were taking gifts from, and having sex with the employees of, the companies they were
supposed to be monitoring. Furthermore, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The rig was built by South Korean company Hyundai Heavy Industries. The rig was drilling a
35,050 feet (10,680 m) deep exploratory well in approximately 5,100 feet (1,600 m) of water. The
well is situated in the Macondo Prospect in Mississippi Canyon Block 252 (MC252) of the Gulf of
Mexico, whilst also maintained by Halliburton, and Transocean the rig was majority owned and
operated by the British Petroleum. On April 20, 2010, high–pressure methane gas from the well
expanded into the drilling riser and rose into the drilling rig, where it ignited and exploded,
engulfing the platform. At the time, 126 crew members were on board: seven BP employees, 79 of
Transocean and employees of various other companies. Eleven workers were presumed dead, never
being found. The Deepwater Horizon sank on the morning of 22 April 2010. The efforts to contain
the leak at first were unsuccessful due to miscalculations and misinterpretations of what was
required. However, on September 19, 2010 the well was permanently sealed when a relief well was
dug into the oil deposit and cement was poured into the oil well. The environmental impact, health
consequences, economy and ultimately the death of the 11 workers were the consequent issues that
arose with the tremendous release of oil into the ocean. These consequent problems were in part due
to negligence as well as BP's failure to fulfill their corporate ethical duties.
Corporate Social Responsibilities and Business Ethics

Bip Oil Spill
The BP Gulf of Mexico oil spill tells the tragic story of what happened on the Deepwater Horizon
drilling rig back in April 2010. The rig, leased from another vendor, was digging a well on the
Macondo slope in the Gulf when it exploded and fatally killed eleven employees and injured
seventeen others (Crandall, Parnell, & Spillan, 2014). Not to mention, five million barrels of oil
spilled into the sea causing an environmental issue that lasted more than ninety days. Several
underlying factors went into play that contributed to the oil crisis. One of those factors was the
safety device on the well referred to as a blowout preventor (BOP). The purpose of this device is to
stop the flow of oil and gas in case of an emergency situation. Apparently, if the BOP does not
operate correctly, the oil and gas can mix causing a disaster for employees, the environment, and the
machinery. According to the case study by Crandall, Parnell, and Spillan (2014), someone bumped a
control switch that altered the stability of the blowout. With that, no investigation was conducted to
make sure the equipment was in a stable state. Another factor was cementing the drill case to make
the structure stable. This process involves drilling a hole into the well and inserting a case into the
shaft that has to have cement in between. There are two safety aspects of this; one keeps the shaft
sealed from hydrocarbon gasses and oil until the extraction takes place, and the other holds the
metal casing centered in the bore that uses twenty–one centralizers as an added measure to keep it
sturdy. The BP employees only had six steel ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The 126 people on board the rig were ordered to abandon ship due to the fire that had erupted. Most
people escaped by life boats and inflatables while others jumped. The fire lasted for hours because it
had a stable fuel source to keep the shaft

The Industry's Longest Track Record Records Of Providing...
Today, it continues to build on the industry 's longest track record of providing leading edge E&P
technology to develop new advancements–from reservoir to surface. Schlumberger supplies the
industry 's most comprehensive range of products and services, from exploration through production
and integrated pore–to–pipeline solutions for hydrocarbon recovery that optimize reservoir
performance. Its key Customers includes Twenty–eight customers that are currently publicly
disclosed. Schlumberger is providing services for several large multinational and foreign companies
including ExxonMobil, Chevron, Shell, BP, Petroleos Mexicanos, OGX Petroleo in Brazil, and Oil
India Limited. The geographical diversity of its publicly listed company shows the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Drilling Group which is the segment this paper focus on it market analysis consists of the principal
technologies involved in the drilling and positioning of oil and gas wells and consist of wide range
of product lines. We chose this segment because the potential of this segment, as it generated more
than $2.5 billion in operating income in 2015 that is nearly 39% of Schlumberger's total, comparing
to $1.4 billion Halliburton drilling segment (best alternative) operating income. And Schlumberger's
drilling segment has around 12% global market share6. And Schlumberger's drilling margins are the
highest compare to Halliburton and Baker Hughes. Also Schlumberger acquisitions strategy
enhanced the value proposition for drilling segment.
Marketing Mix
Schlumberger uses the marketing mix through the tactics to promote their drilling segment in the
market. The 4Ps of the marketing mix influence each other and make up the business plan for
Schlumberger to create its success. The Following are the 4Ps of drilling segment:
Product: Schlumberger drilling group consists of wide range of sub segments product lines1 that
consist of Engineering & Real–Time Analysis, Drilling Services & Systems, LWD & MWD,
Drilling Rigs, Drill Bits, Drilling Tools & Products, Drilling Fluid Solutions, Surface Logging
Services, Solids Control & Cuttings Management, Fluids Processing, Drilling Applications,
Cementing Services, Bits and Drilling Tools Fundamentals. Each

The Causes And Impacts Of British Petroleum
On April 20, 2010, British Petroleum's (BP) offshore drilling rig, the Deepwater Horizon, exploded
and caused the largest accidental marine oil spill in history, discharging five million barrels of oil
into the ocean over a period of three months. During this accident, eleven men working on the oil rig
perished and seventeen others were injured severely. This crisis caused major destruction to marine
wildlife caused economic harm on fishing and tourism industries and was a public relations
nightmare for British Petroleum (Crandall, Parnell & Spillan, 2013). This event was horrendous; I
remember the devastation that was left in the wake of this tragedy.
Beginning in the 1980's, offshore oil production showed to be a solution for the United States'
energy issues and national security. In the beginning, the wells were in shallow water, but once these
wells were dry, drilling in the deeper water began. Although there were drawbacks, such as the
difficulty to drill and operate a well at such tremendous depths and because of these depths robots
would have to troubleshoot maintenance problems instead of humans. Additionally, in deep waters,
special drilling rigs are needed. There are two types of drilling rigs, the drillship, and the semi–
submersible. The Deepwater Horizon was a semi–submersible rig that was used to excavate the well
on the Macondo slope in the Gulf of Mexico. Once the excavation was done, another rig would
arrive to extract the oil. Companies like British

How Oil Drilling Works Essay
People in the U.S. use oil every day. Powering cars, heating homes, and providing electricity are just
a few examples of how we use oil fuels in our daily life. Where would we be if we woke up
tomorrow and couldn't fly because there was no fuel, or products containing plastic were taken off
the market? "In fact, oil is a part of everyday items such as crayons, bubble gum, and deodorant
(Mooney 19). Oil is the number one source of energy in the U.S. today. However, the U.S. imports
140 billion worth of its oil supply every day from unstable regions such as Canada and Mexico
(news desk). This makes our addiction to oil an even more dangerous game. Dependence on foreign
oil, also leaves the U.S. vulnerable to fluctuations in global supply and ... Show more content on
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As history has shown, the refining and transporting of oil can sometimes end up releasing oil into
the ocean as well. Oil is drilled from the ocean floor through powerful offshore oil rigs. Natural
seeps can also occur. This is when crude oil that seeps in the ocean water from geologic formations
beneath the ocean floor. Despite these risks, the growth of the global oil businesses continue to grow
and our need, and ultimately our dependency on it, grow right along with it. Arguably, the greatest
impact of off–shore drilling on the environment is indisputable. There are 3,500 drilling rigs and
platforms, 79 of them deep–water wells, in the United States alone (CBSNews). Many of these off–
shore rigs are located in the Gulf of Mexico and directly impact these ecosystems with negative
impacts ranging from black carbon to blowouts (Oceana). However, larger impacts can be
catastrophic such as the 2010 explosion of the Deepwater Horizon oil rig that killed 11 people and
destroyed 125 miles of the 400 miles of Louisiana coastline (Bp). The accident continues to mire the
company in lawsuits and court hearings. BP settled criminal charges with the Justice Department
two years ago for $4.5 billion in penalties, but the oil company faces billions of dollars more in costs
from a federal civil trial in

Michigan's Ground Water Industry Employment
Geographic Range.
They are located in Dexter Michigan and have been servicing Washtenaw county and a large area of
Southeastern Michigan including Washtenaw, Livingston, Jackson, Lenawee, Monroe, Oakland,
Wayne, Ingham and Hillsdale Counties since 1974.
Economic Structure of the Organization.
Ann Arbor Well Drilling is a small business and the average size, according to the National Well
Drilling Association standards, which in a recent document "Michigan's Ground Water Industry
Employment" it is quoted "This portion of the industry is characterized by small firms, many of
which are multi–generation family–owned and operated. 331 firms employ an estimated 1,420
people, Annual estimated sales of $375 million" ("National Ground", 2016). Currently, due to the
recent buyout of the older brother, Ann Arbor Well drilling is looking to stay in the black and have
any net profit it can, so as to start saving to invest in a new or newer drilling rig since the current
one is getting to its end of life and requiring increasingly more repairs and there is currently no
savings for the down payment. The cost of a new portable drilling rig can range between $750,000
to $950,000 so, financing is usually sought out from local banks and the equipment manufacturers,
who charge slightly more interest than the national average, but financing equipment for a small
independent business in a seasonally diverse state like Michigan where the weather can affect if or
how much work they can complete

Drilling Rigs : Offshore Drilling
An offshore drilling rig is a machine that creates holes (usually called wells or boreholes) and/or
shafts in the ground. Drilling rigs can be huge structures that house equipment which is then used to
drill water wells, oil wells, or natural gas wells.
The term "rig" refers to the complexity of the equipment that is used to penetrate deep into the
surface of the earth's hard crust.
Offshore drilling is a mechanical process where a wellbore is drilled through the seabed. Typically
carried out in order to explore and extract petroleum which lies in rock formations beneath the
seabed. The term is used to describe drilling activities on the continental shelf, the term can also be
applied to drilling in lakes, inshore waters and inland ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Oil rigs are primarily used in the drilling of wells and various platforms are mounted directly on the
working field for the extraction of oil and/or gas. In some cases the drilling for natural oil and gas
offshore is really far away from shore/land and therefore various challenges and hurdles are
encountered in drilling offshore than onshore. When drilling at sea, the sea floor is often found to be
thousands of feet below sea level. Hence, when dealing with onshore drilling, there is a ground
which provides a solid relatively easy platform on which to drill, as compared to at sea on which an
artificial drilling platform has to be constructed (Sadeghi, 2007).
.
Moveable offshore drilling platforms/rigs
Generally, there exist two different types of offshore drilling rigs. The first is called a moveable
offshore drilling rig. This can be moved from one place to the other and the second type is called
fixed rigs (Sadeghi, 2007).
Drilling barges
These are used most commonly in inland shallow water drilling. This usually takes place in small
water bodies such as lakes, swamps, rivers. Drilling barges are essentially massive floating
platforms that need to be towed via a tugboat from one location to the other. Suitable for small water
bodies which comprise of still and shallow waters – drilling barges are unable to resist and endure
the strong and rapid water movements that are found in large water body environments such as
oceans (Sadeghi, 2007).
Jackup

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
The Deepwater Horizon was a drilling rig explosion that occurred April 20, 2010, and ended in a
fire. The rig was owned and operated by Transocean, and the drilling was done by BP in the
Macondo Prospect oil field (McGill & Schwartz, 2010). Due to drilling below sea level, the
explosion caused a fire and resulted in the sinking of the Deepwater Horizon, the death of 11 people
and injured 17 others. The dangerous hydrocarbon gas that surrounded the blowout preventor
malfunction, which caused the gas to encounter an ignition source was the cause of the explosion,
and it led to massive oil spills in the offshore of the Gulf of Mexico (Crandall et al., 2014). It was
considered to be the largest accidental oil spill in the world and an environmental ... Show more
A., & Spillan, J. E. (2014). Crisis management in the new strategy landscape (2nd Ed.). Los
Angeles: SAGE. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
Lee, L., Kofman, J. & Murray, M. (2010). Deepwater Horizon Is On fire; Officials Say Burning Oil
Rig in the Gulf of Mexico Has Sunk. ABC. Retrieved April 25, 2018, from
http://www.oilfieldwiki.com/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_explosion
McGill, K. & Schwartz, N. (2010). Oil drilling accidents prompting new safety rules. The San
Diego Union–Tribune. Retrieved April 25, 2018, from http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sdut–
oil–drilling–accidents–prompting–new–safety–rules–2010apr23–story.html
Washburn, M. & McClatchy Newspapers (2010). A huff and boom ended Deepwater Horizon's good
luck. [Updated June 16, 2015]. The McClatchy Company. Retrieved April 25, 2018, from

Countless Years of Environmental Torture in Nepal
Overfilling with mountainous regions and breathtaking scenery, Nepal has yet to recover from
countless years of environmental issues. Like a snowball rolling down a hill, problems in Nepal only
grow more significant as the years go by. Taking notice of the extreme environmental problems in
the country, world–wide organizations researched the regions of Nepal, only to find that water
pollution was an emerging, life–threatening issue. Immediately, many international organizations
partnered with the Nepalese government in hopes of improving the water status of the country by
using the "Rainwater Harvesting Jar," an efficient solution to the water problem. Nepal is a small
country located between India and China with a growing population of over thirty million people.
While the country is often famous for its beautiful landscapes and tourist attraction, Mount Everest,
it is actually suffering with severe water pollution. Clean water is eventually becoming more limited
and difficult to access, and the population of many communities is rapidly growing. "Many rural
communities live in remote areas far from water supplies while in urban areas, an increase of
population, caused in part by people moving because of the decade long internal conflict, is putting
increasing strain on limited water and sanitation facilities" ("WaterAid's Approach"). This ever–
increasing population is not only affecting the amount of water, but also the cleanliness and safety of
it. People are unaware of

Construction Of Oil Rigs And Producing Oil
Introduction: In the industry of producing oil for the world's energy sources, safety should always
remain the top priority in the creation of oil rigs and producing oil. There are multiple steps in
building these massive devices and each of the steps have to be handled with the greatest of care.
These steps are assembling and maintenance. Assembling is the part where the workers put together
the structure of the rig and ensure that it is set up correctly. "Maintenance is where the drilling
equipment failure is monitored and operational so that they do not fail when producing oil" [1]. Well
control is where employees monitor the drilling fluid pressure and blowout preventions. It can be
difficult for workers to complete their tasks if a hazard or danger occurs. The safety procedures are
focused on Assembly and Maintenance because they are key elements in the creation of oil rigs. The
construction of the rig and the maintenance of the design have to be looked over to ensure that the
structure is working properly. While there are already safety concerns that the industry is aware of,
they are sometimes overlooked by the idea that hazards do not occur very often when working on
rigs. This idea is true in terms of the hazards occurring not very often but sometimes when
something goes wrong, the hazards present themselves and the consequences can be severe. "These
safety concerns are involved with the process of placing and assembling the parts of equipment that
create the

History Of Southern California 's Shoreline And...
Introduction
On the afternoon of January 28, 1969, a terrible environmental disaster occurred when a well
blowout on the Union Oil Company platform A, causing one of the largest oil spill in the United
States. The platform was located in Summerland Oil Field pier which 6 miles east of city of Santa
Barbara. Riggers desperately tried to repair the well before oil started spreading to the shoreline.
Needless to say, the effects of the oil spill sparked outrage from the local community and the media
that inevitably caused ecological effects, safety and ethical concerns. It took oil workers a total of 11
days to cap the ruptured pipe, while an estimated 3 million gallons of poisonous black crude oil
showered the Pacific Ocean. Sadly, oceans ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
33). Oil companies and prospectors quickly started developing oil rigs on private beaches, and in
1896, the world's first offshore drilling rigs was originated in Summerland, California. Summerland
was a tourist town known for the tranquil climate, beautiful beaches, and health resorts. As oil rigs
were being constructed, drilling was often rushed and the marine water suffered ecological harm by
being the dumping grounds for waste and other harmful conditions. The local community and
environmentalist were increasingly becoming outraged when the well– manicure coastlines were
rapidly becoming disfigured by noisy, disruptive, plastering oil rigs. During this time, all offshore
activities were unregulated by the state and the only legal requirement for prospector was that they
negotiate an agreement with the owner of the ocean front property of which drilling rig would be
extended (Wilder, p.31). As technology evolved, offshore drilling moved progressively into deeper
water and farther away from oceanfront. In 1958, Richfield Oil Company developed the first drilling
man–made island in Rincon where there was a substantial amount of oil was found. With the
mounting pressure and high demand to produce more oil and gas, geologists studied the anticlinal
trends and discovered the abundance of oil productive in Rincon Island extended underneath the
Santa Barbara Channel. By the 1960's, oil prospectors began to partner with one another developing
into large oil

How Did BP Oil Spill?
Introduction BP, formerly known as British Petroleum, is the third largest oil and gas producer in the
world, producing almost 3.8 million barrels per day. BP was founded in 1908 by William Knox
D'Arcy in London, United Kingdom. The company operates worldwide in several sectors of the oil
and gas industry such as generating low carbon energy, moving oil and gas, and off and onshore oil
and gas extraction (BP, 2014). However, the offshore Deepwater Horizon oil spill that happened on
April 20th, 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico was one of the greatest oil spills that took place in history.
The disaster caused the loss of the lives of 11 workers, severely injuring 17 workers, and the
aftermath had a great impact on the environment in the Gulf of Mexico. The series of ethical issues
that took place leading to the disaster are complex, and other factors such as economic and political
issues arose after the catastrophe happened. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the ethical issues
that took place before the disaster happened, and investigate the moral obligations, social
responsibility and justice at an individual and organizational level. The ethical dilemma is broken
down into three categories, which include the company's management priority to reduce costs and
time, neglecting safety issues addressed by staff, human misjudgment and errors in neglecting
pressure reading; and finally, overlooking the technical design flaws that were not tested by BP
before installing to use. The

Fracking : Ethical And Ethical Implications
With the public's growing demand for clean energy and the need to replace the current energy
sources that we consume on a daily basis use, more and more states are starting to use hydraulic
fracturing, at an alarming rate, to excavate these resources from beneath the shale rocks. Many
experts, along with the public, believe that hydraulic fracturing has numerous environmental and
health to both human and wildlife communities. Also, many believe that hydraulic fracturing
possibly have moral and ethical implications that need to be address and fixed. With hydraulic
fracturing being a very controversial topic between scientist and the public, fracking will remain
very controversial unless changes and regulations are made and enforced to protect humans, wildlife
and the planet to ensure none are in danger and we are able to extract the resources we need. What
are these implications that have the experts and public in a need of concern and uproar about
fracking? Let us start with what kind of implications hydraulic fracking can have on the
environment if we are not careful and observant of our planet. The community is greatly affected
when a company comes in and starts fracking around homes and businesses. One way that the
community can be affected by hydrofracking is that the drilling can induce seismic activity in the
area. Seismic activity in a populated area, like a suburb neighborhood or a business district, can be
very hazardous and costly. The seismic activity can be

Why Is Offshore Drilling Harmful?
Is Offshore Drilling Harmful? Why is offshore drilling harmful for the world? There are multiple
reasons that affect us: loads animals die each day due to oil spills, the earth gets extremely polluted
due to careless discretion, consequently we will eventually run out of these precious resources and
thus be out of a valuable power source. The BP oil spill occurred a few years ago and we are still
seeing the effects of this disaster. The company tries to cover up the stain they caused, but no one
can escape the cleaners of justice. Offshore drilling is the process of mining under the sea floor and
vacuuming the oil into different depositories. It is useful for the required oil we use daily in the
United States, but more important disadvantages are taking place. There are several occurrences that
occur or can occur that can ruin an ecosystem. Animals are at risk before the drilling ... Show more
They invade other animals' home. Even before the drilling occurs, ships are sent out to the ocean to
build the oil rig. This creates an overflow of boats to a certain area. Fish have already wandered too
close to boats and end up dying by hitting the rotors. But the onslaught doesn't stop there. After the
oil rig is built, an excessive amount of oil is spilled every other day, which poisons the water next to
it. Fish breathe this in and die, causing their body to be destroyed on the inside. They just think they
can do whatever they desire. It doesn't matter if another species is already occupying the area; they
will just take it for themselves. In turn, this causes a slow destruction of that ecosystem that has
taken thousands of years to develop. But that doesn't matter to a large amount people. There aren't
enough people nowadays to care about all these challenges. People technically do not even need this
resource and are going around slaughtering animals to receive what they consume. Sounds

Case Analysis Of Saudi Araramco
Background
In such a worldwide competition in vitality industry, Saudi Aramco began losing the enthusiasm of
rig foremen in the field employments. This misfortune significantly influenced the labor scope at the
rigs in the distributed fields that prompt lack in coaching the scope amid the concentrated rig level
increment. Would that be settled if extra remunerations or reward actualized, that what the
organization is looking forward to.
Having been in the petroleum market for quite a while, Saudi Aramco has become a staple of a
continuous success. However, operating in the environment of the global economy is challenging
the organization into altering its traditional patterns of corporate management (Brockett and Rezaee
124). Particularly, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Saudi Aramco Corporation, which is planning to expand, may retain its popularity and even
attract more customers, therefore, gaining success globally, by investing in its staff members and
offering them, incentives along with professional growth options.
This project will increase the End of Service Award allocated budget by 20%, and the organization
is willing to acknowledge this increment considering the general advantages that Aramco will gain
by meeting the workforce demand Saudization targets.
Experiment weakness
Long Term Experiment
The experiment took a substantial amount of time to gather the finding. A long–term experiment is
prone to many risks that might affect the employee thus affecting the experiment as well.
Expensive to Run Compared to Short Term Experiments
A lot of resources are needed to run and accomplish the experiment. This is very expensive
compared to a short–term experiment because within the long duration of time a lot of resources and
assets are incorporated in the experiment that might not be cost effective.
May Introduce New

Deepwater Horizon Essay
Deepwater Horizon was a well–known oil drilling rig which operated within the Macondo Prospect
located in the Gulf of Mexico. This oil rig was a fifth generation ultra–deep water dynamically
positioned, semi–submersible mobile offshore drilling unit, and was built in 2001 by Hyundai
Heavy industries.5 Within the year of 2009, Deepwater Horizon drilled the deepest oil well ever
recorded–vertical depth of 35,050 feet in the field of Tiber oil.6 A year later in 2010, it was then
commissioned within the Gulf of Mexico. On April 20th, the industry of oil drilling all changed,
here is when Deepwater Horizon exploded and began to sink within the Mexican waters.6 On the
day of the explosion, Deepwater Horizon was within the process of completing its exploration,
doing so by the capping of the well it had bored approximately three miles ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These compounds vary and contain various levels of toxicity for both marine life and humans.9 The
VOCs hexane, heptane, octane, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene are commonly known to make up
approximately 15% of crude oil.10 This subset list of compounds have the ability to have a high
solubility in water.10 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent some of the most toxic
constituents which crude oil consists of, these have the ability to bio–concentrate marine
invertebrates.11 PAHs will often comprise up to 10% of the total organic compounds found within
crude oil, providing insight into the general distribution of petroleum hydrocarbons found in aquatic
environments after an oil spill occurs.11 With these compounds found within the ocean waters after
a spill, can pose great threats to marine life and wild life which live and survive within these

Ip Essay
Experimental Investigation of Gas Kick Effects on Dynamic Drilling Parameters Introduction Early
kick detection (EKD) is a vital component of well control system. The prevention or management of
kicks and/or fluid loss occurrence during drilling operations is crucial, particularly in deepwater
drilling activities due to the complexity of equipment and operations. Normally well control failure
occurrences could cost the oil and gas industry billions of dollars in a year due to non–productive
time (NPT) and/or blowout incident, and affect the safety of drilling personnel. In addition to the
complex operation involved with deepwater drilling, many deepwater wells have greater depths and
narrow pressure margins between pore pressure and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(2016) experimentally investigated kick occurrence based on the changes in mass flow rate,
pressure, density and conductivity of fluid downhole and concluded that the parameters have the
potential to improve the kick detection system with higher precision than the surface detection
system. Vajargah and van Oort (2015) developed an algorithm that automatically selects a best well
control response to influx in a drilling operation running a constant Bottomhole pressure (CBHP)
managed pressure drilling (MPD); however, the paper did not clarify how this method will be
implemented while running CBHP MPD operation in the field. Trivedi (2014) proposed an
innovative kick detection system that uses a small mud rerouting section consisting of two plates
and located just above the BHA. When there is an entrained formation fluid bubbles/droplet in the
flow, the medium between the two plates will undergo alteration and form a magnetic impulse
registering as abnormality in fluid flow, hence detecting kick. However, this technology has many
limitations, including cuttings intrusion and capacitance limitations due to plate spacing. Ahmed et
al. (2016) proposed a new advanced early kick detection method that uses seven parameters data
(classified as instantaneous drilling parameters e.g. pit gain, flow rate, ROP etc. and lagging
parameters e.g. total gas connection gas etc.) from mud logging while drilling; however, this method
was field specific (Offshore Nile Delta

Failure Regarding Corporate Social Responsibility Essay
Among the most monumental examples of failure regarding corporate social responsibility, that is to
"maximize profits within the law" (Dejardins, 2014, p.53), is the Deepwater Horizon blowout
catastrophe, occurring April 20, 2010. Historically noted as the single greatest environmental failure
in the United States, the blowout of the Macondo well claimed 11 lives, injured dozens more, leaked
4.9 million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico, disrupted ecosystems and communities globally,
and economic loss as a result of a phenomenon know as "effective compression" which occurs when
there are "extreme pressure differences inside and outside the drill pipes, causing them to buckle",
Enerknol Research (2015). Influenced by the article Deepwater Horizon 's Final Hours,
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/26/us/26spill.html?pagewanted=all, questions to explore
regarding this event are: What was the path to this tragedy? What are the causes and consequences
of this disaster? What are the lessons learned? Who is ethically responsible? These questions and
more will be examined through first hand accounts of the men and women working on Deepwater
Horizon, statements given by Transocean, BP Oil, research firms findings as well research and facts
from government and environmental organizations. A number of parties were involved to some
degree on the Macondo well blowout, however, I surmise, that as the lead and greatest benefactor
that responsibility for the great magnitude of this

The Pros And Cons Of Deepwater Drilling
During World War II, the Gulf of Mexico was the main area for offshore drilling (Crandall, Parnell,
& Spillan, 2013). Since most of these were wells were shallow waters, mostly 200 feet or less, were
drained of all oil, many organizations moved to deeper waters. However, there are problems that
come along with deep water drilling, such as not knowing how to operate and drill at that specific
depth. The United States government says that a deep water well is anything 500 feet or more
(Crandall et al, 2014). Because of their deep length, robots are sent to fix any maintenance problem
that may occur. In 2010, there were more than 600 deep water wells in the Gulf of Mexico (Crandall
et al, 2014).
The Deepwater Horizon was a semi–submersible that was used to dig the well on the Macondo
slope of the Gulf of Mexico (Crandall et al, 2014). It was built in Korea and arrived for use in the
Gulf of Mexico in 2001 (Crandall et al, 2014). After the well was dug and capped, the rig moved to
a different site to dig again. Soon after Deepwater Horizon was finished, a different rig would arrive
to drain the oil. The Macondo oil well in the Gulf of Mexico was 18,360 feet below sea level.
British Petroleum (BP) and other organizations leases these rigs through Transocean, rather than
owning or operating them (Crandall et al, 2014). For Deepwater Horizon, they leased the rig to
Transocean for $533,000 a day (Crandall et al, 2014). Unfortunately, drilling the Macondo brought
problems that

Offshore Oil Drilling
Doesn't everyone love swimming in the ocean and seeing all the pretty sea life? Some people do,
and when people are offshore drilling they can cause a lot of problems if something goes wrong.
The biggest concern by environmentalist is not a spill, but the pollution of the air and water, damage
to the ocean bottom and debris that washes ashore from day–to–day operations of oil and gas rigs.
Oil Drilling can lead to jobs being endangered, animals dying, and damaging the eco system. So
many animals are dying because of the oil in the water. Proofread to– Government wildlife experts
have found just in Alaska that the BP oil spill has threatened more than 400 species including 34,000
birds, 656 sea turtles and 12 dolphins, and this count was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Exposure to petroleum causes tissue damage in the eyes, mouth, skin and lungs of marine mammals.
Because they are at the top of the food chain, many marine mammals will be exposed to the dangers
of bioaccumulation of organic pollutants and metals. Expansion of offshore drilling activities would
further threaten imperiled species like the manatee. Sea Turtles often nest on beaches. Collisions and
noise disruptions are all potential threats to sea turtles. Hatchlings are also particularly susceptible to
oiling because they spend much of their time near the water surface, where spilled oil or tar
accumulates. (Boesch, DF and N.N. Rabalais (eds.) 2010.) Do to the oil spill U.S. wildlife experts
are preparing to collect tens of thousands of endangered sea turtle eggs and move them hundreds of
miles away in an unprecedented bid to protect them from the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.
Offshore oil drilling causes many changes to our climate change. It thickens the ocean and that
makes it even harder for sea life animals to live in, and also for people to swim in. Also, when there
is an oil spill fishermen cannot sail through it because of the possibility of the crude oil catching
fire. The U.S. needs to look for ways to decrease petroleum consumption, not for ways to increase it.
Offshore oil production involves environmental risks, most notably oil spills from oil tankers or
pipelines transporting oil from the platform to onshore facilities, and from leaks

Pros And Cons Of A Drilling Rig
On April 20, 2010 there was an explosion in a drilling rig that was operated and owned by
Transocean. The drilling rig's official name was "Deepwater Horizon Mobile Offshore Drilling
Unit" and was in the process of drilling oil in the Macondo Propect oil field, located 40 miles off the
Louisiana southeast coast. The cause was reported as a "Wellhead blowout" which cause the rig to
explode, dumping more than 200 gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico and resulting in 11
casualties.
Spills like these cause us to see the bad of oil drilling, especially in the ocean where the oil can
spread to marine life in surrounding water. There are many cons with drilling for oil, but there are
also many pros. Personally it becomes hard to weigh the pros

Offshore Oil Drilling and the Deepwater Horizon Spill of...
Oil is a very important fossil fuel that is used for various sources of energy. Oil supplies power to
industries, fuel for transportation, heat for buildings, and provides raw material for plastics, paints,
textiles, and other materials (hybrid cars). To access this fossil fuel, oil drilling is used. Land–based
oil drilling became less productive and as the global stipulation for energy increased, technology,
law, and geology impacts stepped in and pushed the exploration of oil away from shores (CITE).
With its historical background, offshore oil drilling is one of the most important aspects of today's
economy although we are faced with its risks and consequences, such as the BP Deepwater Horizon
explosion of the Gulf of Mexico. Offshore ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
New technology continued to develop including rotary rigs that replaced pile drivers. Texaco and
Shell then established "barge drilling," which was the process of towing small mobile platforms to
new locations at the end of drilling jobs (CITE). This resulted in the adaptation of land–drilling
methods in the continental shelf in the Gulf of Mexico, as the oil companies continued to grow more
confident operating offshore. During the 1952 presidential election, an argument called the
"Tidelands dispute," over who should manage offshore drilling became a concern when General
Dwight Eisenhower guaranteed to repair the leasing ability coastal states were deprived of in the
courts. This dispute was followed by the enactment of the Submerged Lands Act of 1953, which
allowed states the right to lease up to three marine miles from the coast. Eisenhower's rise to the
presidency also helped smooth the progress of the passage of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act
(OCSLA) of 1953, which provided the federal government the authority to issue leases in coastal
areas beyond state jurisdiction (CITE). Once the OCSLA was executed, leasing activity on federal
submerged lands began in 1954. At this time, oil was being produced at 133,000 barrels of oil a day,
which was only two percent of total U.S. production at that time. This

Offshore Drilling
Offshore Drilling Does anything out weigh the importance of our planet's health? You would be
surprised by the number of people who look the other way when it comes to keeping the planet
clean. Offshore drilling is just one of the major environmental issues that has existed for many years
and still continues to be a problem. The topic of offshore drilling not only touches on environmental
issues but also political, economic, and ethical issues. All of these tie into the huge debate over
offshore drilling and its impacts on the environment. But when the human race depends on oil, how
can we ignore the fact of drilling for oil off the coast of our land. Investing in greenhouse energy is
just one of several ways to help keep the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Still people make the argument that oil is just too important to stop drilling and that if anything we
should drill more. Again author Margaret Haerens talks about how "According to the nation
academy of Sciences, current cleanup methods can only remove a small fraction of the oil spilled
into the ocean, leaving the remaining oil to continue affecting ocean ecosystems over time" (126).
The long term impacts of offshore spills continue to corrupt the oceans and who knows when they
will completely be gone. The effects of the oil directly on sea life such as sea birds, fish, shellfish,
and other sea life are extremely dangers. "Studies have shown that tiny amounts of oil – as little as
one part per billion – can harm pink salmon and cause their eggs to fail" (Haerens Margaret).
Imagine swimming in the ocean when a large pool of toxic oils comes floating along right into you
when you are trying to enjoy a day at the beach. Not only is offshore drilling have one of the longest
lasting ecological impacts on society and living things on and off shore, it effects our economy as
well. But is offshore drilling hurting the economy more than it is helping? At this point in my
research is was pretty clear that it was. Author Margaret Haerens, goes to great detail concerning the
price of oil and its effects of drilling more of it by saying "Oil spills exact a serious toll on costal
economies, including our approximately 35 billion commercial

Oil Drilling Regulations : British Petroleum
Oil Drilling Regulations British Petroleum(BP) had a massive oil spill on April 20, 2010. In the BP
Oil Spill, more than 200 million gallons of oil was spilled into the Gulf of Mexico for a total of
eightyseven days, making it the biggest oil spill in United States history. The initial oil rig explosion
killed eleven people and injured seventeen others("11 Facts"). The spill killed hundreds of animal,
plant life and destroyed the environment. BP was penalized up to $40 billion in fines. Stricter
regulation on all forms of oil drilling are necessary to protect everyone and everything involved,
especially the environment. When drilling for oils, companies need to have regulations and one of
those requirements is for environmental protection. This is a requirement that conducts operations in
a way, that protects mineral resources, other natural resources. The companies need to be paying
attention to the environment and what is affecting the environment. The companies have to inspect
the land and determine what material is being drilled. (University of Colorado). The regulation
issuance of leases gives terms and conditions that the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) can grant
leases. The issuance of an oil lease must be done under oath by an applicant, agent, attorney, or an
officer or agent of the company, if the lease is made by a company. That way they are not drilling
illegally. For the onshore oil and gas order approval of operations the companies need requirements
for

Essay on Offshore Drilling
Offshore Drilling
What is it?
Drilling for oil in the ocean is one of the greatest technological breakthroughs in recent decades, and
many new techniques have been developed to profit from the abundance of oil underneath the ocean
floor. While drilling for oil has been around for hundreds of years in one form or the another, the
effective extraction of petroleum from beneath the sea floor did not surface until the last forty years.
The search for oil often turns out to be unproductive, but this practice is vital for the economic
future of many nations.
In order for any drilling to take place, an offshore drilling rig must first be installed. These offshore
platforms can be situated in water up to a several hundred meters in depth. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These production platforms come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and types, which are dependent on
the dimensions of the field, the depth of the water and how far the oil and/or gas field is from shore.
The platforms are generally made of steel and fixed to the seabed with steel "posts." These platforms
harbor all of the processing equipment for the well and can house a maximum of 80 workers. In
addition, platforms have concrete structures large enough to store oil, with gravity keeping them
situated on the seabed
Explanation of Drilling
Drilling begins once the drill bit is lowered to the ocean floor. This first step is referred to as
"spudding."
There are two types of drill bits: (1) "a roller cone or rock bit which usually has three cones armed
with steel or tungsten carbide teeth or buttons; or (2) a diamond bit, imbedded with small industrial
diamonds. The drill bit is attached to drill pipe and rotated by a turntable on the platform floor. As
the hole deepens, extra lengths of drill pipe are attached." (Offshore Drilling)
The diameter of the drill bit varies from a diameter of 36 inches, which is used when the hole in the
ocean floor is first started, to a diameter of 8.5 inches. The total length of a drill pipe is 30 feet. The
time it takes for the drill to reach the oil and gas trap could be weeks.

In order to move the drill cuttings

Bp Oil Spill Analysis
warning signs about the danger of the rig that eventually led to the deaths of 11 workers. The
government also indicted former BP Vice President David Rainey on charges of hiding key
information from Congress and lying to other law enforcement individuals about the real damage
done to the Gulf oil spill. Rainey and Kaluza were eventually acquitted of the charges while Vidrine
plead guilty and was sentenced to 10 months of probation (Stempel). There was public outcry over
the lack of severe consequences for the BP employees involved, but this was not the end of legal
issues for BP.
In December 2012, BP settled a class–action lawsuit with over 100,000 claimants largely made up
of individuals and businesses that lost money and property because of the spill. BP initially
estimated $7.8 Billion in damages for the class–action, but that number would grow due to $9.2
Billion by 2013. February 2013, the U.S. Federal Government and several state governments began
a three stage civil trial to determine the breakdown of blame between BP, Transocean Ltd. (who
owned the drilling rig), ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The immediate oil spill killed thousands of marine animals and put numerous endangered species at
risk. The effect of oil in the Gulf translated to serious economic implications in the geographic area
affected by the spill, with industries like commercial fishing and tourism adversely affected the
greatest. The National Academy of Sciences determined that commercial fishing production
decreased by 20% in the wake of the spill. Tourism and rental revenue decreased by 25% along
areas affected by the oil spill (Brennan). BP spent billions of dollars in cleanup costs to mitigate the
damage done to wildlife species to restore fisheries in the area and close to $200 million promoting
tourism in the Gulf

Bp Oil Spill Globalization

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Bp Oil Spill Globalization