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1. Sustainable Solid
Waste Management
Practices at Urban
Level
(Water and Sanitation
Service Peshawar - WSSP).

2. Existing Situation
• Population of Peshawar City: 1.97 Million (2017
census)
• Annual Growth Rate 3.96 % (Highest in Pakistan)
• Estimated generation of Solid Waste 1000 tons/day
• Collection of Solid Waste by WSSP around 800
tons/day
• Final disposal: Dumping at Bahdur Kalai at a rental
location

3. Proposed Solution for Sustainable SWM
1. Sanitary Land Fill (Estimated Cost Rs. 2.5 billion)
2. Construction and development of Compost Plant
(Estimated Cost Rs. 2 billion)
3. Waste to Energy project (Estimated Cost Rs. 7.4
billion)

4. Estimated Cost : 2.5 Billion PKR
Land Requirement : 600 Kanal
Development of Sanitary Land Fill
Allied Facilities
• Installation of Weigh Bridges
• Development of the Service road for waste unloading vehicles
till sanitary landfill cell
• Development of Buffer Zone/Green Belt across the landfill site
• Requirements
• Distance from Urban area 30 Km
• Total area of Landfill Facility 600 Kanal
• Area of Land Fill 400 Kanal
• Design Capacity 500 – 1000 tons/day

5. Acquisition of Land for Sanitary Land Fill Site, Peshawar
Locality Land
Required
Current Update
Mouza
Ghari
Faizullah
600
Kanals
 Meetings by Chief Minister on 28-03-2018 and 03-04-
2018.
 Landfill sites at Maryamzai (Badabher) and Surizai
Maira, at Urmar were abandoned.
 Deputy Commissioner Peshawar to de-notify the
section-4, imposed earlier for Peshawar Housing
Scheme, on parcel of land selected for sanitary
landfill site. The de-notification will be made to the
extent of land required for landfill site.
 The Deputy Commissioner Peshawar shall take action
under emergency clauses of the land acquisition act
and notify section-4 for acquisition of land for
sanitary landfill site at Shamshatoo on priority basis.

6. Construction and Development of Compost Plant
Estimated Cost: 2.5 billion PKR
Land Required: 100 – 120 Kanal
Design Capacity: 300 – 500 tons/day
• Around 300 - 500 tons of MSW can be processed through composting plant
• Highly Suitable due to:
• High moisture content, high Carbon Nitrogen (C/N) ratio and low
value of volatile content of solid waste
• Cheap process.
• Environment friendly
• 100% natural, no chemical addition
• Improves soil strength - therefore it is called soil conditioner / supplement
• Improves fertility of soil through pure organic matter
• Increases water holding capacity of soil
• Act as natural pesticide
• In ecosystems, it is useful for erosion control, land and stream reclamation,
wetland construction, and as landfill cover.
Link

7. Roughly 20 million tons solid waste is generated with
2.4% growth each year.
Potential of 1000 MW is available through Municipal
Solid Waste.
City wise waste and estimated generation of electricity is
as under:
 Karachi 15,000 ton per day 300 MW
 Lahore 8,000 ton per day 160 MW
 Peshawar 1,000 ton per day 30 MW
 Quetta 300-400 ton per day 10 MW
Link
Estimated Cost: 7.4 Billion PKR
Land Required: 20-25 Acre land for 20-30 MW power plant
Waste to Energy

8. Benefits of WTE projects
• Cleaner environment as a result of elimination of
municipal waste
• Recovery of recyclable material of more than 50%
• Conversion of waste into useful product like power /
energy.
• Gain of carbon credit from international agencies
• Furnace ash collection & reutilization as bricks and
roads paving materials
• Savings in foreign exchange (Imported petroleum
products).
• Jobs for local human resource both in permanent and
contractual category.

9. Solid Waste Compost Plant at Lahore, Punjab

10. Process at Compost Plant
Compost processing is done through aerobic decomposition
using Windrow technology without any addition of chemicals.
Windrow means a long heap of regular shape and cross
section, prepared with the organic material.
The composting process normally takes around 60 days to
complete.
The plant and machinery supplied by MENART of Belgium, has
a capacity to produce around 40,000 MT of compost per
annum.(Lahore Compost)

11. Process Benefits
Composting process employed not only
controls the emission of Green House Gases
(GHG) to the environment but also turns the
organic material extracted from MSW into a
useful product which eventually go back to the
soil, hence facilitates effective and efficient
management of waste.

12. Compost Making Operations
Compost making operations include:
1. Sorting of MSW
2. Shredding of compostable material and
mixing
3. Windrows management
4. Compost sieving and bagging

13. What is Compost?
Compost is a stable, humus like product resulting from
the biological decomposition of organic matter under
controlled conditions.
Controlled biological decomposition process is what
differentiates composting from the natural
decomposition of organic matter.
Organic materials are decomposed regardless of
whether or not we compost them, but regulating and
optimizing conditions ensures a faster and environment
friendly process, thus producing quality end product.
Operations Flow Chart
MSW Sorting +
Screening
Combustible
Material
Organic
Material
Organic
Piling Area
Cow Dung +
Green Waste
Compost
Shed
Composting
(Windrows)
Compost
Sieving
Bagging
Rejected
Material
Rejected
Material
Ware House

14. Manual Segregation at Conveyor Belt

15. Windrows Management

16. Windrows Parameter Monitoring

17. General Composition
1. Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio (C:N)
2. Organic matter
3. Moisture
4. Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)
5. pH
6. Electrical Conductivity (EC)
7. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

18. Windrow TurningWindrow Turner
Compost Sieving & Bagging

19. Cont…..
Roughly 20 million tons solid waste is generated with
2.4% growth each year.
Potential of 1000 MW is available through Municipal
Solid Waste.
City wise waste and estimated generation of
electricity is as under:
 Karachi 15,000 ton per day 300 MW
 Lahore 8,000 ton per day 160 MW
 Peshawar 1,000 ton per day 30 MW
 Quetta 300-400 ton per day 10 MW
Project 2: Waste To Energy
Cost : 7.4 Billion PKR (Source: NEPRA)
Solid Waste Management at Urban Level

20. Solid Waste Management at Urban Level
Peshawar generates 800-1000 ton waste per day
The garbage is dumped at temporary sites
identified by WSSP
The Peshawar City has potential of 30 MW
20-25 Acre land will be required for 30 MW
power plant

21. Private Sector :
Power & Energy Development Corporation
• The PEDC is an authorized consultant of
Hangzhou- Jinjiang Group China. It is a
Chinese company that has authorized PEDC to
contact District Local Authorities of Pakistan
for waste to energy (WTE) project proposal &
implementation.
• 500 tons/day MSW generate 10 MW

22. Modes of Project Implementation
• Public Private Partnership (PPP) for commercial
agreement between Hangzhou Jinjiang group & local
government or its associated company. Following are
the wide range of contractual options of which
anyone could be opted
 Built –OWN- Operate (BOO)  Built–Own-Operate-transfer
(BOOT)
 Built- Transfer(BT)  Built- transfer and Operate(BTO)
 Built –Operate and
transfer(BOT)
 Built-Lease-Transfer(BLT)
 Joint Venture (JV)

23. Benefits of the WTE projects
• Cleaner environment as a result of elimination of
municipal waste
• Recovery of recyclable material of more than 50%
• Conversion of waste into useful product like power /
energy.
• Gain of carbon credit from international agencies
• Furnace ash collection & reutilization as bricks and
roads paving materials
• Energy self-reliance and savings in much needed
foreign exchange.
• Jobs for local human resource both in permanent and
contractual category.

24. WASTE To Energy