1. Core Principles Of Chiropractic Care
What is chiropractic care? If you asked this question to hundreds of people, only a few dozen would
know what it really is. Most think of it as a doctor that only addresses back and neck pains and
nothing else. Chiropractic care is so much more than that; it's an alternative to modern day medicine
for many different pains and diseases. Chiropractic care has been around for much longer than most
people realize. Unlike modern medicine which has been evolving and changing for the past hundred
or so years chiropractic care has relatively remained the same for thousands of years. Chiropractic
care has been used for an extensive period of time, "Chiropractic types of treatment have been
employed since antiquity" (Barbara Wexler). The core ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus chiropractic care has various social, economic, political and aesthetic benefits.
Chiropractic care benefits people's social lives in more ways than most seem to realize. The affects
can be massive, like allowing you to go on more vacation you previously couldn't because of pain,
or in little ways, like allowing our older generation to be more active with their friends and family.
In a person's everyday life, pain can be a deterrent to doing many everyday activities. People with
back and neck problems can't participate with family, friends, or their community when being active
causes them great pain. Once fun times become a distant memory with the present filled with
caution and anticipation for pain. These people take medications and are referred to surgeries by
their doctors to try and improve their everyday life, when in reality all that medication and surgeries
are just masking the problems. What chiropractic care does is addresses the problem at the source.
Though chiropractic care may not fix a person 100%, it allows the person to do more in their lives
with less pain. People can't just focus on the amount of pain they're in, "Instead of focusing on pain,
note how much more you can do. Improvement in activities in daily living is a more valid measure
of progress than pain only" (Menke,
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2. Informative Essay On Chiropractic Treatment
What do Chiropractors treat on?
Chiropractic doctors treat all kinds of patients. Pain in the neck, back and headaches are dealt with
particularly with skilled manipulations on tendons, joints & muscles. Workout, food, nutrition and
lifestyle modification is also a part of this treatment.
How do I select a Chiropractor?
History tells that the best ways to find a chiropractor is either from one of the family member,
colleagues, friends or another health care provider.
Is referral from an MD required for a chiropractic treatment?
Unless your health plan has specific referral requirements, you will not need a referral to see a
chiropractor. To find your referral requirements, you can contact the insurance or the human
resource department. Generally it is initiated with you calling the doctor personally and scheduling
an appointment. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the best and safest drug free and non–invasive treatments is the chiropractic treatments.
Although the treatment is a very safe option, it shows minor side effects. There have been
complaints that the patients may feel a mild stiffness, aching, discomfort or soreness but this goes
away within a day.
Cervical manipulation which is often called a neck adjustment is used to treat some kinds of
headaches and neck pain thereby improving the neck movement and zeroing the muscle pain.
Chiropractors who are well qualified and experienced provide patients with safe and effective care.
They have all the expertise required to identify patients with special risk factors who can also be
referred to a medical specialist for the most appropriate care.
Are children suitable for Chiropractic treatment?
Children who are physically active are prone to blows and slip falls. These may cause neck and back
pain, soreness, discomfort or stiffness. Chiropractic treatment in case of children requires high level
of skill and to be gentle and soft.
Do hospitals offer Chiropractic
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3. Imf Structural Adjustment Programs in Africa
IMF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS IN AFRICA
INTRODUCTION
Beginning in 1980, the International monetary Fund (IMF) started to impose Structural Adjustment
Programs (SAP) on African debtor nations. SAP's have been imposed on 36 African Sub–Saharan
countries under the assumption that neo–liberal reforms lead to economic growth and an increased
standard of living.
For that reason, focus was put on macroeconomic policies with the open market based approach.
SAP's generally mandated:
–the removal of protections in the manufacturing sector;the elimination of government subsidies for
food and some other items
–trade liberalization;reductions in barriers to trade, as well as foreign investment and ownership
–increased role of the private ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Forced liberalization of the groundnut sector in 2002 led to a state of famine in rural areas. Less that
30% of the groundnut crop was collected. Farmers lost millions of dollars in income and economic
growth was cut in half.
Nearly 80% of the population lives on less than $2 a day. In 1998 Senegal spent five times as much
repaying foreign debt than as on health. The Senegales government, however, in order to obtain
required debt relief, needed to pursue further implementation of SAP's.
THE IMPACT OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT POLICIES ON THE AFRICAN CONTINET
By the 1990's , most African countries were spending each year more on debt than on health care
and education.
More than 200 million Africans have no access to health services after the privatization of health
sector and cuts in government spending.
Each day 6000 Africans die from AIDS and each day an additional 11000 were infected (in 2000).
Africa accounts for 80% of AIDS deaths worldwide, and 90% malaria–related deaths as well.
In the education arena , the statistics are just as appalling: 40% of children are out of school and
more than 140 million young Africans are illiterate.
While African countries urgently needed to increase splending on health care and education, IMF
SAP's forced a large reduction in needed spending.
With time, debt was increasing and basic needs suffered in Africa in order to repay the debt.
Under SAP's , Africa's external debt has increased
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4. Why Do Adjustments Are Painful
Adjustments Are Painful In general, joint manipulations or adjustments cause no pain. In fact, the
majority of patients enjoy immediate pain relief. Though some patients may be anxious about the
popping or cracking sound that often occurs during an adjustment, the sound is actually believed to
result from the release of gas deposits within the joint. Once You Crack, You Must Go Back During
your initial visit with a chiropractor, he or she will perform an assessment including a physical
examination and medical history to determine the cause of the dysfunction or pain. Based on these
observations, the chiropractor will work with you in crafting a personalized treatment plan.
Ultimately, the decision whether to continue care is yours alone.
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5. Structural Adjustment Program ( Saps )
Structural Adjustments
The debt crisis in the 1980s gave Washington the opportunity to "blast open" and fully subordinate
third World economies through World Bank–IMF structural adjustment programs (SAPs). Starting
in 1980, developing countries were unable to pay back loans taken from Western commercial banks
which had gone on a huge lending binge to Third World governments during the mid to late1970s
when rising oil prices had filled up their coffers with petro–dollars. The World Bank and the IMF
imposed SAPs on developing countries who needed to borrow money to service their debts. The
World Bank's SAPs, first instituted in1980, enforced privatization of industries (including
necessities such as healthcare and water), cuts in government ... Show more content on
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As the Center for Economic and Policy Research puts it, "These are enormous differences by any
standard of comparison and represent the loss to an entire generation–of hundreds of millions of
people –of any chance of improving its living standards." Increased Poverty
According to the World Bank, in 2003, over 350 million people (more than half of Africa's
population of 682 million) lived below the poverty line of U.S.$ 1 a day, a 75% increase over the
200 million figure for 1994.
Lower Incomes Low Human Development Indicators Decrease in Health Care and Increase in
disease Increased Debt Burdens Lack of Clean Drinking Water
More than half of Africa's population is without safe drinking water and two–thirds do not have
Water privatization schemes in Ghana and South Africa are further depriving poor people of access
to potable water. Decrease in education Levels HIPC
In response to public demands to address the debt crisis of poor countries and provide debt relief,
the World Bank and the IMF introduced the Highly
Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative in 1996. This has been seen as a failure due to the limited
debt relief provided and its SAP requirements. Countries must successfully complete six years of
structural adjustment before they become eligible for debt relief under HIPC. By the end of
2000,
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6. The Adjustment Bureau Theme
I have always believed that everything happens for a reason. Now, I am not saying that I believe that
there is a larger plan for everyone's life. To clarify, I believe that there is no such thing as fate.
Alternatively the events that happen throughout an individual 's life impacts their future in unknown
ways. The film The Adjustment Bureau (George Nolfi, 2011) is based on the short story "The
Adjustment Team". The story was written by Philip K. Dick in 1966. The film's described as an
action thriller. It is about a man, who after seeing part of his future goes to great lengths to test his
fate: in the hope of being with the woman he loves (The Official Site of The Adjustment Bureau).
Matt Damon plays David Norris, a man with a promising political career. He has the potential to
become the President of the United States. Emily Blunt plays Elise Sellas, a talented dancer. Elise
and David fall in love with after a chance encounter. According to the members of the Adjustment
Bureau, David and Elise are not meant to be together. Therefore, the Adjustment Bureau intervenes
to keep them on their predetermined life path. David's unwillingness to accept that he and Elise are
not meant to be together is the foundation of the movie. Thus, fate seems to be the central theme of
the film. Though, I concede that fate is an important aspect of the film. I insist that power relations
are also important to the progression of the film. Hats in The Adjustment Bureau are a symbol of a
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7. Structural Adjustment Programme and the Nigerian Economy:...
INTRODUCTION The Nigerian economy has several activities sectors which include agriculture
(crops), livestock, forestry, fishing, manufacturing, crude petroleum mining and quarrying, utilities,
building and construction, transport, communication, wholesale and retail trades, hotels and
restaurants, finance and insurance, real estate and business services, housing, producers of
government services and community, social and personal services. However, with the advent of the
crude petroleum sector and its attendant boom in the international market, all other sectors of the
Nigerian economy have experienced serious neglect by the government, thus resulting to an
unbalanced economy.
Nigeria's population as a nation is so large that no ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Broadly defined, privatisation is an umbrella term to describe a variety of policies which encourage
competition and emphasise the role of market forces in place of statutory restrictions and monopoly
powers. The first definition relates to programmes of privatisation without structural adjustment,
such as has been the case in most developed countries, e.g. U.K., France, etc. The second definition
relates to a programme of privatisation as an integral part of a Structural Adjustment Programme,
such as we have in Nigeria.
Commercialisation, on the other hand, can be defined as the re–organisation of enterprises, wholly
and partially owned by the Government, in which such commercialised enterprises shall operate as
profit–making commercial ventures without subvention from the Government.
Under World Bank structural adjustment, the government tried to eliminate inefficient state
intervention and obtain budgetary relief by abolishing agricultural commodity marketing boards and
liberalizing cash–crop exports. These measures, together with devaluation, increased the naira prices
of export crops, especially cocoa. The state also privatized many public enterprises by selling equity
to private investors, while restructuring other parastatals to improve efficiency. The federal
government encouraged private investment in the late 1980s, allowed foreign ownership in most
manufacturing, and liberalized and
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8. Holistic And Multifaceted Field: Chiropractic Care
Chiropractic is a holistic and multifaceted field which is often not fully understood. Chiropractic
care has a plethora of uses and benefits that many people are unaware of. For example, chiropractic
care has been used to treat ear infections, constipation, and asthma (Kratka, 2011). Chiropractors
use spinal adjustments to treat tissue damage which can be caused by a traumatic event or repeated
stress (American Chiropractic Association, 2017). These adjustments could be used to relieve the
referred pain that can cause headaches. Yeomans (2014) discusses how chiropractic treatment can
relieve referred pain which is perceived as coming from a different part due to a miscommunication
between the brain and the spinal cord. Chiropractic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This region contains the top seven bones in the spine (Farmer et al., 2014). Jackson and Blumenfeld
(2016) expand on this, saying, a cervicogenic headache involves referred pain which originates in
the neck but the brain interprets the pain as coming from the head. Jackson and Blumenfeld also say
that these headaches are caused by an injury or other problem in the neck (secondary headache) and
treatment for these headaches should be focused on helping the neck. Garcia et al. (2016) conducted
a study to determine if manipulation of the cervical spine was an effective treatment for
cervicogenic headaches. However, the study was relatively inconclusive and the only result was that
cervical manipulation could be beneficial for cervicogenic headaches (Garcia et al.,2016). This
inclusivity was due to differences in the studies which were being
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9. Structural Adjustment Programs And Its Impact On Ghana 's...
The 1900s was a time when developed nations flourished through the exploitation of the global
south, creating a structure that places developed nations as the key players of the world. Although
colonialism came to an end just after the Second World War, it gave birth to a new system called
neoliberalism, which encompasses a new form of colonialism. This saw the introduction of
transnational institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Trade Organization
(WTO), and the World Bank. These institutions applied neoliberal policies with the goal of pursuing
progress for the global south. These Policies were referred to as structural adjustment programs
(SAPS). This paper will argue that neoliberal structural adjustment ... Show more content on
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These policies were implemented in the Global South such as Ghana, who was one of the first
African countries to undergo reforms under the Provision National Defence Council (PNDC)
regime. The human development index is measurement used to assess countries based on three
categories: life expectancy, education and gross national income per capita (UNDP, 2014,p. 2).
According to the report by the Untied Nations Development Program, Ghana's HDI value is ranked
at 132 out of 187 countries in 2014. In a time period of 33 years from 1980 to 2013, Ghana's HDI
has been on a slow increase. Life expectancy increased by 8.8 years, years of schooling by 4.0 years
and the GNI by 62.2 percent (UNDP, 2014, p. 2). Such increase in a period of 32 years can be seen
as slow progress. In my opinion the introduction of structural adjustment policies have placed a
blockade on Ghana hindering its human and social development. The government has been focused
on repaying its debt to the IMF and World Bank to the point of where they have forgotten about the
well being of its citizens.
Ghana after its independence in 1957 became the most prosperous country in Sub–Saharan Africa.
Ghana's main source of income was agriculture, which contributed to half of its GDP. With its
rapidly
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10. Adjustment Disorder
What is adjustment disorder and what are its symptoms? Adjustment disorder is a common
psychological problem which is a short term condition occurring when a person finds it difficult to
cope with certain situation. There are numerous reasons behind adjustment disorder not otherwise
specified, in most cases it is source of stress that leads to such changes within the individual.
Experts believe major change in life, loss of someone special or any unexpected event leads to such
problem among individuals. Few years back the name "adjustment disorder" was changed to "stress
response syndrome." With time there are numerous cases of adjustment disorder coming up in light,
thankfully there are some advanced treatments coming up to help you overcome
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11. Workplace Injury Research Paper
Workplace Injuries and Your Spine
When you experience an injury at work, whether it originates from repetitive motion or improper
lifting techniques, chiropractic care and complementary services can help you manage your pain and
get back on the job sooner. Untreated sprains, strains and muscle injuries may lead to additional
stress on your body. Likewise, giving in to your pain, altering your gait and failing to maintain
proper posture all prolong pain in the affected area and may enforce pain in other areas.
At Acts Chiropractic and Massage Therapy Center in Tacoma, WA, we work with you to help you
improve your overall health, and not just address a temporary condition such as a work place injury.
Realigning your spine after an injury impacting
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12. Part 13 – How to Create Inventory Adjustment in MYOB...
Part 13 – How to Create Inventory Adjustment in MYOB Premier
Now that you have learned how to create items and locations, opening inventory quantities and
values, our next topic would be to prepare adjustment in MYOB Premier.
As part of company's internal controls, you need to properly monitor inventory movements, from
inventory receipts to issuances, transfers to and from other locations and other movements as well as
those transactions that require your attention as to shrinkages and loss. However, you may need to
adjust inventory quantities from time to time as a result of shrinkage, damage, obsolescence, theft or
material decrease in value of inventory cost that make it necessary to adjust its quantity or values.
Please follow these ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Memo – indicate brief but most descriptive explanation for the entry.
2.3. Item Name – you indicate the item name by right clicking on this field and choose Search
Inventoried Items
After click on Search Inventoried Items, all the item lists appear and you have to choose which
among the list is or are to be made adjustment and double–click on it to select the item or items.
2.4. Quantity – indicate on this field the number of quantities for adjustment for each affected
inventory items on a per unit basis and not per selling or buying unit. If you are to adjust inventory
to add to quantity, enter the number as positive number (without positive sign). In case of deduction
in inventory quantity of item, enter the amount with a negative sign before the number.
2.5. Unit Cost – indicate on this field the unit cost of the item inventory adjustment.
2.6. Amount – you don't need to fill up on this field since MYOB Premier automatically compute
for Amount values once you have entered the quantity as well as the unit cost.
2.7. Account – indicate the account for which the inventory adjustment is to be closed or charged. If
for example, the negative inventory adjustment which is a decrease in inventory quantity would be
charged to an expense account – usually Inventory Shrinkage and Shortages if it is to be charged as
a company expense. However if it is to be charged to the inventory custodian, it is to be recorded as
a
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13. Chiropractic Care Practice Essay
"Valentine has you back." While Dr. Louis Valentine's motto is certainly appropriate for his
respected chiropractic care practice, it's perhaps a little too simple for a practice offering such
comprehensive neck and back pain relief. This Cincinnati doctor of chiropractic has been called
"The Chiropractor the MD's Trust," high praise given with good reason. Every chiropractic
adjustment you receive in Dr. Valentine's office backed by over 20 years of experience, extensive
firsthand research into chiropractic care, an impeccable scientific understand of the body, and
genuine care for clients. His expertise is widely recognized, and his earned him the highest
certification in Whiplash Biomechanics and Traumatology, an honor conferred by the Spine ... Show
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As time goes on, misaligned bones cause compensations throughout the area, straining and tensing
muscles and causing you pain. Chiropractic adjustment helps put the spine back in its ideal
alignment. Not only does this allow greater mobility and range of motion in the moment, it has a
ripple affect throughout the area, reducing pain by helping the body work at its best.
Comprehensive Care
Chiropractic care goes beyond adjustments. Chiropractors think holistically and individualistically,
creating personalized care programs for each patient. They'll work with you to create a healing
program that draws on multiple modalities, including massage, physical therapy, and, in many cases,
the support of your physician.
Healthy Habits
The comprehensive care plans chiropractors use to treat neck pain go beyond providing relief in the
moment. Focused on longterm health and healing, chiropractors focus on helping foster habits that
not only offer neck and back pain relief but also prevent pain from resurfacing. They'll help you see
use patterns that may contribute to future pain, and use chiropractic adjustment to re–teach the body
how to move as the well–oiled machine it's designed to
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14. Back Pain Research Paper
How Chiropractic Decompression Helps Back Pain After An Auto Accident
A minor auto accident that causes you to jar or twist your back can result in back pain. While you
may think your back discomfort will go away quickly since the accident wasn't serious, what you
may find instead is that your back pain gets worse. Pain from this type of back injury is often caused
by spinal compression, and chiropractic treatments might help. Here is an overview of spinal
compression and why spinal adjustments are beneficial.
Your Spine Is A Bundle Of Nerves
Your spine is composed of a bundle of nerves that run from your neck down to your hip area. These
nerves play a vital role in transmitting information between your brain and the rest of your body.
The nerves are protected by vertebrae, which are a series of individual bones with openings between
them so nerves can connect to your various muscles. The bones are padded with cartilage discs that
absorb shock so you can bend, twist, and jump without pain. When you're in an auto accident, a
blow to the back, sudden jarring, or quick twisting movement of your spine can cause one of the
nerves to become compressed. That means pressure is put on the nerve ... Show more content on
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When a certain nerve is affected, you might have numbness in your arms, hand weakness, and
problems with dexterity. A different nerve compression could cause numbness in your feet, and
burning pain in your leg. A more serious form of nerve compression could even affect your ability to
control your bladder and bowels. You might notice some of these symptoms, such as pain, right after
the accident, but when the compression is made worse by swelling that crowds the nerve, your
symptoms might be worse hours later. That's why you should see your chiropractor for an evaluation
soon after you've had an injury that affects your
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15. Type A Behavior And Stress, Adjustment Disorders, General...
BA PSYCHOLOGY HONOURS Health Psychology Type A behavior and stress, Adjustment
disorders, General principles of coping and techniques of coping Bhavana Kumarswamy 11/30/2014
Type A Behavior Pattern The concept of stress was first introduced by Hans Selye who was from the
field of physics. He began using the term stress after he got formal medical education from the
University of Montreal in 1920's. During his practice when he saw his patients who were
institutionalized all looked the same and what united was that they looked pale and sick and
according to Selye they were all going through physical stress. According to him stress was when
the body was strained, exhausted and was not doing its normal functions and stress produced stress
hormones in the body. This he termed it ad General Adaptation Syndrome in simple terms meant it
was our body reaction to acute or chronic stress. The main shortcoming of Selye definition of stress
was that it focused on physiological nature of stress but what about the psychological nature of
stress. The psychological nature of stress was explained by a physician named John Mason in his
study which used monkeys. In the two groups both the monkeys were deprived of food thus they
were under physical
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16. Antigone And The Adjustment Bureau Summary
Faith Morrow
Ms. Gottner
Pre–AP;5th hour
20 December, 2017
Compare and Contrast Essay Both Antigone and the Adjustment Bureau have similarities and
differences, when analyzing one government and democracy about the both of them! There are
many ways to compare and contrast these two pieces! Although Antigone and the Adjustment
Bureau are completely different, there are many similarities that you can draw from the both of
them. Not only can you relate both of theses pieces together using one motif, you can also relate the
same motif to the real world and to the choices that you make! In Antigone, government and
democracy played a huge role throughout the story! Creon is one that really relates to this motif! In
the city of Thebes, the government was a form of democratic democracy. At the time, Creon was
king! Throughout the story, Creon ruled as a dictator! His everyday choices depended on his
governmentative standing! He used his "power" over the people in the city when making choices
that he thought would be beneficial. He only listened to himself and he believed that every choice he
made was right! Many different characters in the story tried to offer advice to Creon, when they
realized that he was making irrational decisions, but he chose to ignore them and he continued along
his own path. For example, Tiresias(who is a seer, and knows what's going to happen in the future)
tried to warn Creon about what would happen at the rate Creon was going at! Tiresias tried to offer
Creon advice and he told Creon that he really should take his advice, but Creon took this as an
insult. Whenever someone told Creon what to do, he took it as an insult and he wouldn't listen to
anyone, but himself. In the Adjustment Bureau, government and democracy arises right when the
movie begins and is continued throughout the film. At the beginning of the movie, David was
running for Congress! Due to this, he had to change his lifestyles and he had to be more cautious
about the choices that he made. For example, at the beginning of the movie David's support system
was weakened, because he got into a bar fight that went viral! Due to the fact that he worked for the
government, he had very little privacy, which caused this
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17. Mio Medical Technology Research Paper
MioVision Technology: Helping the St. George Community Access Complete Recovery Services
Dr. Tom Johnson, our resident chiropractor at My Family Chiro in St. George, treats auto accident
victims with chiropractic care and complementary services that include rehabilitative exercises,
nutritional counseling, home therapy recommendations and massage therapy. As part of our
commitment to help patients access complete recovery services, Dr. Johnson uses advanced
technology to assist legal representatives challenge insurance company denials and reduced
compensation settlement offers.
How MioVision Technology Enables Comprehensive Treatment
Auto accident related injuries like whiplash and transient back pain associated with muscle tension
are often ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The sEMG records abnormal electrophysiological impulses and measures range of motion (bend
angles) in a matter of seconds. The test is painless and doesn't have any side effects.
Test results provide valuable data Dr. Johnson uses to design individual treatment and pain
management plans. Finally, St. George patients who have been denied insurance coverage or
settlement agreements surrounding accident related injuries can "prove" they suffer from pain
associated with muscle guarding. Using MioVision technology, lawyers have tangible evidence to
present in court or at the negotiating table that demonstrates muscle tension and pain when a patient
bends. Presenting quantifiable evidence that demonstrates the presence of pain strengthens plaintiff
arguments.
Gaining access to initial treatment coverage isn't the only advantage for accident victims. Dr.
Johnson uses the technology to monitor and record pain management response and injury recovery.
Over the course of treatment, repeat testing provides evidence massage therapy, spinal adjustments,
and corrective exercises are reducing pain levels. This information encourages patients to continue
treatment and demonstrates to insurance companies the value of ongoing chiropractic care toward a
full
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18. How Chiropractic Is A Natural Form Of Health Care
When people see their chiropractor, unfortunately, they don't realize how a simple visit can identify
their pain and perhaps cure it. "Chiropractic is a natural form of health care that uses spinal
adjustments to correct these misalignments and restore proper function to the nervous system,
helping your body to heal naturally" (Palmer College of Chiropractic). This indicates that
chiropractic care is very helpful in a natural way. "Chiropractors use their hands to adjust joints, the
spine and other parts of the body where movement is restricted, which relieves pain & improves
mobility by restoring normal body function" (Pruden). Drugs and surgery are not necessary for
someone to heal from treatments which can lead to proper blood flow to the nerve system and help
the body to recover quickly. Chiropractic treatment can be simple as a back adjustment, neck
adjustment or even a shoulder adjustment to figure out the pain or the injury. The good thing about
chiropractic care is that the body can heal itself, and there is no need for prescription drugs. D.D
Palmer stated that "Many patients imagine that they have tried everything. True, they have used
many remedies, but they have never had the cause of their infirmity adjusted" (Pruden). When a
patient sees his chiropractor, his treatments starts as the chiropractor gives a physical examination to
see how his body is functioning and then takes the patient's history to try to figure if there is a
problem in the past that can
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19. Essay On Schnarr Chiropractic And Total Body Wellness
To be honest with you, I never really thought that chiropractors did much except pop your back and
send you on your way. My thoughts on this changed dramatically when I met Dr. Chad Schnarr of
Schnarr Chiropractic and Total Body Wellness in Tullahoma, Tennessee. I've been working for Dr.
Chad for a year now and I have learned so much about his profession and how what he does on a
daily basis is much more than just "popping your back." For starters, with new patients like the one
we have here in the photo, Dr. Chad begins his evaluation by developing x–rays to get an updated
image of the patient's problematic area. He then reads the scans and pinpoints what area of the body
he will focus on. Even when treating previous patients, it's important to get new scans and
information regarding the patient's situation instead of using old films and notes. This makes his
treatment more direct to what the patient needs now as conditions in the spine change often. ...
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Schnarr then detects what part of the spine is causing the patient pain and what needs to be moved
to get everything back to normal. "It has to all work together in harmony, if one key is off balance
the whole song gets messed up," he says. On the patient's back you can see a diagnosis outcome
chart. This chart is filled with boxes of different diagnoses the patient may have. Dr. Chad checks
the boxes he believes could be an issue, makes note of the possible problem, and then rates how
severe it could be in each area. To finalize his evaluation, he performs a routine adjustment for what
he sees as an issue now, and schedules the patient to come in soon to see if any changes have
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20. Essay On Chiropractor
The mission of chiropractors is to enhance the lives of this and future generations through the power
of the chiropractic adjustment and wellness lifestyle. Many athletes go to the chiropractor to get
their health to full potential again. Although, most clients go to the doctor and get hundreds of
dollars worth of x–rays and medicine, if they went to the chiropractor then their injury could easily
be fixed with quicker treatments and less money spent. Going to the chiropractor is a better option
to heal client's spinal issues than going to the doctor.
Chiropractors don't only physically work on clients, but also give therapy and other treatments.
According to Thomas Billitteri, "Another prevalent form of touch related therapy is chiropractic, ...
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According to the Occupational outlook Handbook, Chiropractors have to have a Dr. Of Chiropractic
degree, which requires at least four years of schooling. A class of each of arts, sciences, physics,
chemistry and biology. Not only does it require education, but it also requires strength and strategy.
It requires strength to pop joints in and out of place. Hoosier Health Plus states "There is no bone
snapping or warrior–style pulling heads off spinal columns... Adjustments, unlike "knuckle
cracking" or having your friend stomp on you while you lay on the carpet, are applied specifically to
improve the motion of your joints and limit the small dysfunctions that over time can lead to
arthritis. Most people after an adjustment describe the feeling as being "lighter", having greater ease
in moving the body, and being able to stand up taller." People pop and crack at their knuckles,
backs, hips and many other parts of their body's all day. When they go to the chiropractor, they then
get the "lighter" feeling like Hoosier explained. This occurs because chiropractors have certain ways
to adjust your body without causing it to eventually turn into
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21. Adjustment Case Study
Adjustment Case Study
Dennis Puliah
PSY 1000 – Psychology of Adjustment
Professor Clinton Gortney
November 30, 2015
There are so many situations and circumstances that require everyday people to deal with
adjustments. This paper will be based on evidence–based strategies to help with adjustments. The
first article is about two men, one African American and the other Caucasian, who come together to
co–author a book on a subject that is headlining the news today; white police officers shooting or
beating black boys. The second article is about the age difference of people who get the influenza
vaccine and those that do not. Karen Bates is, the author of the article, "All American Boys': A
Young Adult Book about Police Beating ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How many times have we seen this transpire in the past year? What can we do to change the
disparities that are taking place between police departments and African American boy/men?
According to Attorney Benjamin Crump (Truth and consequences, 2015), far too many officers say
that they felt threatened, but if not for viral video; the murder could have been swept under the rug.
He also says there is a blanket of distrust, disrespect, and indifference thrown across Black men in
America. He believes that this is the result of the many deaths at the hands of armed police officers
who claim to be afraid. According to former Police Chief Howard Safir, (Truth and consequences,
2015), these incidents do not happen as often as the media would have us believe. He believes that
police brutality and misconduct are inexcusable. He depends that police are to protect and serve but
can only do this effectively if officers and civilians work together. Filmmaker Errol Morris believes
that every time an unarmed black man is killed by a police officer, and the act goes unpunished,
racism is rewarded. According to Morris (Truth and consequences, 2015), "cameras can offer the
evidence but they cannot tell us what to do with the evidence." Kareem Abdul–Jabbar, the six–time
NBA champion, and Times columnist, answers the question best of what can be done to change
these disparities. He says that, "pushing harder for police reforms, more training, more
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22. Auditor 's Audit Adjustment : Audit Adjustments
Question # 1
No.
Clients are not inclined to adopting auditor's advised audit adjustments, which forces auditors to
somehow determine on an aggregate basis the impact that proposed and/or passed audit adjustments
have on a client's financial statements. The most common reason for a client not to make a proposed
audit adjustment is that the client disagrees with the need for the given adjustment. We don't want to
see that audit engagements at the end of the day become a war between client management and
auditors over proposed audit adjustments.
Question # 2
Yes. To the greatest extent possible, auditors should not provide clients with access to the critical
parameters or facets of audit engagements, including materiality limits. According to this case, the
CFO used the materiality to interfere with the integrity of the entire audit engagement.
It is often not feasible to conceal information such as materiality limits from client personnel.
Sometimes, auditors always have client pull documents, prepare various schedules to which audit
procedures will be applied, and perform other important audit–related tasks. In completing these
tasks, client personnel can often determine the auditor's intent and the scope limit of a given audit
test. Likewise, clients have access to the professional auditing sources and professional publications
that discuss the general guidelines that auditors use in making important strategic decisions during
the course of an audit, including the
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23. Financial Statements For The Master Investment Pool
The meeting was called to order at 8:00 a.m. by Mr. Marshall, Chair.
Minutes: The minutes of the May 12, 2015 Finance Committee meeting were approved as
presented.
Investment Committee Update: Mr. Hager reviewed the June 2015 investment results from the
Dartmouth–Master Investment Pool. Performance was slighter better than S&P 500 for June. The
next meeting for the Master Investment Pool will occur in late August. Mr. Hager will report at the
next Finance Committee Meeting on September 22, 2015.
Mark McCue will be consulted regarding the Charter and other issues that may arise in light of the
change to the DHMC Master Investment Pool.
Review of Preliminary June Operating Results:
General: Mr. Griffin reviewed the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The 2015 budget allowed for a $300k draw on investments to break even, but that was not needed to
produce the positive bottom line that was achieved. These results are preliminary as we await
BDMP consulting feedback regarding the results of the Medicare Cost Report modeling and
estimate for FY15 MET.
Hospital: June's gross revenue exceeded budget by $644,167 and FY 15 gross revenue exceeded
budget by $7,109,238. Hospital departments with revenue favorable to the budget for June included
Radiology at $412,293, Cardiology at $168k and Lab at $136,039. FY 15 Patient Free Care was
$819,196 favorable to budget and Bad Debt was $182,356 favorable to budget
June's daily inpatient census was slightly behind of budget at 15.3 compared to a budgeted 18.2. The
year–to–date daily census was 16.9 compared to a budgeted 18.2.
Expenses were over budget by $887,876 for the month which included overages in Salaries,
Purchased Services, and the Medicaid Enhancement Tax. An overage was expected in salaries
related to the board approved market value adjustments and bonuses given to eligible staff in June.
Purchased services exceeded budget by $163k due to the continued need for temporary
help/travelers in Clinical areas as well as IT costs related to electronic medical records and
24. meaningful use. Practices: Mr. Griffin reported that the NLH Medical Group's (Physician Practices )
June gross patient revenue was $61,049
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25. The Effects Of Chiropractic Therapy On Children
While traditional medicine has proven successful in helping patients, chiropractic therapy has also
proven to help patients prevent problems from occurring, especially in children. Chiropractic care
also helps patients who are sick and can cure a variety of diseases. Chiropractic care is safe, and
there are many things people do not know about it. Chiropractic therapy has proven to help patients
prevent problems from occurring especially in children. Often times, if children have no symptoms
or external damage, they are not checked. Physical trauma is the number one reason why children
should get checked regularly. Children should get checked regularly, due to the rate of physical
trauma. With regular check–ups, health problems can be detected early, which can prevent them
from becoming serious. Chiropractic treatment can help children adapt to certain stresses and
environments. In a recent study, a 12 year–old boy suffered from a chronic medical issue. Chronic
pain is a serious medical diagnosis resulting in a mild to severe pain continuously. Emotional and
toxic stress has a major effect on children. Divorce, violence, and peer pressure are all examples of
emotional stresses, while pollution, packages food, and vaccines are toxic stresses. Frequent
adjustments allow the body to resist the body's stress–causing agents. Newborns should be checked,
especially during the first year of life when their spines will grow approximately 50 percent. Babies
often inflict trauma to
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26. Essay about Adjustment Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment
Adjustment Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment
Adjustment disorder is a mental disorder that results from unhealthy responses to stressful or
psychologically distressing events in life. This failure to adapt then leads to the development of
emotional and behavioral symptoms. All age groups are affected by this disorder; and children have
the same chance of developing the illness. While difficult to determine the causes of adjustment
disorder, researchers suggest that genetics play a large part, as well as chemical changes in the brain,
life experiences and mood. Some common stressor contributing to the disorder includes; the ending
of a romantic relationship, loss of a job, career change, an accident, relocating to a new area or loss
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The symptoms do not represent bereavement. Once the stressor (or its consequences) has
terminated, the symptoms do not persist for more than an additional 6 months". A determination is
made as to whether the illness is acute or chronic. A differential diagnosis issued by Benton states
that, "Adjustment Disorder's (AD) are located on a continuum between normal stress reactions and
specific psychiatric disorders. Symptoms are not likely a normal reaction if the symptoms are
moderately severe or if daily social or occupational functioning is impaired. If a specific stressor is
involved and/or the symptoms are not specific but are severe, alternate diagnoses (eg, posttraumatic
stress disorder, conduct disorder, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, depression or anxiety due
to a general medical condition) are unlikely". (Benton, 2009) "Clinical treatment modalities are
difficult due to lack of clinical trials; as these treatments remain a decision influenced by a
consensus", reports Benton. "Because AD originates from a psychological reaction to a stressor, the
stressor must be identified and communicated by the patient. The non–adaptive response to the
stressor may be diminished if the stress can be "eliminated, reduced or accommodated. Therefore,
treatment of ADs entails psychotherapeutic counseling aimed at reducing the stressor, improving
coping ability with stressors that cannot be reduced or removed, and
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27. Adjustments For Identity
Identity, as loosely described by the speakers, is something that defines us – a definition I too would
use. Our identity can consist of our interests and characteristics, among many other factors. It is our
title, and sometimes even our purpose; and all things involved are shaped overtime by the ever–
changing circumstances we face. I find that over the years as we are introduced to new technology
and theoretical evolutions, our society's definition of what could be considered the ideal or
"acceptable" identity undergoes many adjustments as we adapt to the new changes our planet
endures. Our identity can be linked to everything incorporated in our daily lives: work, social life,
home, and more. As mentioned by the second speaker, the social
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28. The International Financial Institutions ( Ifis )
The international financial institutions (IFIs) are central pillars and the architects of the global
economy. The world bank and IMF were founded and funded by the United Nations at that time
towards the end of the second world war to build devastated world economy after the war and great
economy collapse of the 1930s. The IFIs were to help the economy of the less developing countries
(LDCs) to bring about growth, development and integration. In the scope of this paper, I have
picked Zimbabwe to shine some light on what these global economic pillars are capable of doing.
In 1980s, Zimbabwe's economic growth rate averaged about 4% a year. Its exports were
increasingly manufactured goods, debts were regularly repaid, food security was attained, and
education and health services were greatly expanded by major increases in government spending.
(World Bank Data, 2016). Zimbabwe implemented structural adjustment in 1991 after a long
political reform that started after it gained its independency. A land reform officially began with the
signing of late 1980s, as an effort to more equitably distribute land between black subsistence
farmers and white Zimbabweans of European ancestry, who had traditionally enjoyed superior
political and economic status. The equitable distribution of land never occurred as the government
of Zimbabwe accused Great Britain failing to fulfill its commitments in timely manner. Robert
Mugabe decided to do go alone without England participation.
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29. My Employer's Current Performance Evaluation
Overview
The purpose of this paper is to explore my employer's current Performance Evaluation & Salary
Planning methodology to discover if it is a valid or illogical. The paper will contain a summary of
how an employee's performance is rated and how salary increases are determined and distributed.
Furthermore, it will cover employee statics, and budgeting. It will also cover what is acceptable and
not acceptable by human resources and provide an explanation for the thought process.
Budget
The official merit or distributive lump sum, was budgeted at 2.50 % for this year. The promotional
or equity adjustment budget was 0.50%. This value was determined using external comparable
market data and an assessment of the current competitive cost ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
When making objectives for the next year they should be agreed upon by both parties.
If a manager has 20 employees this doesn't leave enough time to do a proper evaluation and they
really only have 9 months to base their evaluations on. I suspect managers with large number of
employees to evaluate will not remember what you have achieve unless was stellar or grievous.
Therefore, it would be wise for employees to keep their own records of agreements and deliveries to
those pre–set agreements and objectives.
How Evaluation are Determined
In the previous year managers and employees agree upon performance objectives for the next year.
They have a mid–year review to talk about how well those objectives are being met in the June or
July time frame. In September, depending on how well an employee is meeting those objectives, a
manager must come up with a justifiable performance rating.
Comp–ratio describes the position of an employee's salary relative to the salary range midpoint. The
salary range includes a minimum, a midpoint and a maximum. The midpoint represents a 1.0
(100%). Comp–ratio is calculated using the employee's salary divided by the midpoint of the salary
range. If the CR is .90 (90%), the employee is to be paid 10% below the salary range midpoint. If
the CR is 1.00 (100%), the employee is to be paid at the midpoint of the salary range. If the CR is
1.15 (115%), the employee
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30. Curricular Adjustment
My curricular adjustments will help improve curricular content because it will make content more
comprehensible for all students. By using texts that are culturally relevant to the students and
involving the parents and community I am allowing the students to have a deeper understanding of
content and relate more to their culture and the culture of others. I teach in an urban setting with
members from different cultures and a high crime rate. I believe that by having the students relate to
their own culture and analyze and understand other cultures, they will develop a sense of respect for
one another, and this understanding and respect will have a positive impact in their lives and society.
My changes to the social studies curriculum will
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31. Chiropractic Adjustment
For those who've never experienced a chiropractic adjustment, the process often involves the
application of quick, targeted pressure on your spine. This is done to physically position
components of your spine into proper alignment––causing a variety of health benefits. Usually, the
procedure is completed on a specialized table or chair which allows the chiropractor to have the best
position from which to complete the adjustment.
As you can imagine, this process creates anxiety for many pregnant women. After all, undue
pressure on the spine and abdomen seems like it could cause complications with the pregnancy, or
even harm the unborn child. Fortunately, this is not the case. When administered properly,
chiropractic care is safe and extremely ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Chiropractors are able to accommodate pregnant women easily and effectively. Many offices have
specialized tables where pressure on the woman's abdomen is eliminated––much like the specific
massage chairs and tables that exist for the same purpose. However, it's a good idea to check with
your care provider to make sure that they are trained in the techniques that are specific to pregnant
women, and that the office is equipped for such care delivery.
Also, it's important for the woman to work with the physician that is overseeing the pregnancy.
Some complications and specific situations aren't conducive to chiropractic care. That said, under
most normal circumstances, the go–ahead for chiropractic care is a given.
Why Is Chiropractic Care During Pregnancy Important?
During the pregnancy term, the human body releases a high dose of a hormone called Relaxin. The
purpose of this hormone is, quite simply, to relax the joints and muscles in the pelvis and lower
back––an obvious necessity for the process of child birth. By the time a woman is approximately 38
weeks pregnant, the amount of Relaxin that the body produces is approximately ten times higher
than under normal circumstances.
This high level of Relaxin in your body has a number of side effects, including:
Loss of balance
Wobbly
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32. Soccer Adjustment
Last spring, I wanted an adjustment. I had been running for an extended period of time. Moreover, I
just previously finished a vigorous cross country season. I desperately desired to pursue another
sport. Then, one monotonous school day, on the Morning Announcements, I was astounded to hear a
life changing declaration. "There will be a soccer interest meeting held in the Old Gym at AC Flora
tonight." I practically leapt out of my chair with excitement. A month later, I finally began soccer
conditioning. I was so exhilarated and nervous for the first day, I couldn't wait to execute the
exercises that we would have to do. When I informed the coach I ran cross country in the fall, he
was thrilled to see what I could do.
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33. Chiropractic Care Research Paper
What is Chiropractic?
Chiropractic Care focuses on the health and wellbeing of your spine and nervous system and is a
natural, safe and scientific health care option.
Your musculoskeletal system (your body) is made up of hundreds of muscles and bones. Your
nervous system, made up of your brain and kilometers of nerves that travel throughout the body,
controls every muscle, organ and cell in your body allowing you to breathe, eat, see, move, think or
exist.
When your spine is compromised i.e. restricted in movement, it affects the delicate relationship
between your brain and your body, it's what Chiropractors refer to as subluxation. These
subluxations restrict the ability for the nervous system to communicate with your body. The spine,
skull ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The human body is designed with motion in mind: nerve fibers stimulate the muscles to contract,
muscles contract to move the bones, bones move around joints, and the nerve system controls it all.
Research has indicated (need to quote sources), that motion is critical to our body's health. A lack of
motion can have a detrimental effect on everything from digestion to our emotional state, immune
function, our ability to concentrate, how well we sleep and even to how long we live. If your
lifestyle does not include enough motion, your body cannot function efficiently. Over time you may
begin to experience a range of conditions from headaches to high blood pressure not to mention
reduced energy levels and the lack of ability to mentally focus.
Your Chiropractic Visits From the moment you walk through our doors you can be rest assured
you'll feel right at
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34. Neoliberalism Is A Political Project For Restore Class Power
Neoliberalism has a tendency to increase social inequality and this tendency is no accident. The rich
thorough military force political maneuvering and the construction of mass consent decimate social
infrastructure and break trade unions and social movements in order to cement class power. Proof
that neoliberalism is more about class power than economic efficiency can be found in the numbers.
The global picture looks, at least on the surface, to be very bleak. The poorest 40 percent of the
world's population accounts for 5 percent of global income. The richest 20 percent accounts for
three–quarters of world income . Income inequality increased by 32% between 1960 and 2005 in the
UK and in the US it increased by 23% . Neoliberal governance often departs from the theoretical
template, providing further proof for Harvey's thesis that neoliberalism is a political project to
restore class power. These pragmatic departures prove very beneficial to the rich and in turn result in
increased inequality and poverty. Harvey argues that neoliberal governance has two fundamental
biases which show how favouring class power trumps the theoretical framework. Firstly, in practice
neoliberal governance always favours fostering 'good investment' over 'good business. Second,
neoliberal states 'typically favour the integrity of the financial system and the solvency of financial
institutions over the well–being of the population or environmental quality' . The reliance
neoliberalism places on
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35. The Washington Consensus And Related Structural Adjustment...
The Washington Consensus (the Consensus) and related structural adjustment provisions (SAPs) are
methods of economic policymaking for a developing society. It has bred a neoliberalist miasma in
Latin America, asserting themes of privatisation, deregulation and liberalisation. Here, Williamson
(2000) proposes a tripartite argument for the Consensus; rapid economic development is ingrained
in nation policies; supplementary focus of such policies as 'pro–poor', aimed at poverty reduction;
and governmental administration to foster developments. Naim (1993) informs Williamson's (2000)
propositions, but his Venezuelan example, El Gran Viraje (the Reform), demonstrates these
neoliberal policies are problematic. This paper thus encapsulates that such economic, social and
political upheavals subsequent the Consensus and related SAP implementation are reasoned with the
discrepancy between the idealistic or narrow interpretation and implementation of the Consensus,
and the nuanced reality of a nation.
The provision of a USD 4.5 million loan funded a Reform that relied on markets as origins of
economic growth. Subsequent SAPs promoted a strong macroeconomic masquerade that forwent its
symbiosis with microeconomic issues. It was the growing statism in 1989 Latin America that drove
this rebellious neo–liberalist direction, countering overt government control through deregulatory,
penetrative strategies. Informing Williamson's (2000) argument of rapid economic development,
Naim (1993)
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36. Failure of Structural Adjustment Programme
INTRODUCTION
According to Collin dictionary government is the group of people who are responsible to govern
country.
Christian council of Tanzania and Tanzania Episcopal conference define government as the chief
agency for organizing and in the end of controlling both development and order in the society. Also
it is an organized body of persons and institutions that form an agency or machinery of the state
which formulates, expresses and realizes the will of state. Therefore, government consists of the
activities, methods and principles involved in the governing a country or other political unit.
Government failure is the public sector analogy to market failure and occurs when a government
intervention causes a more inefficient ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The justification for nationalization of private firms and extensive involvement of the state in
productive activities was the ability of the state to control negative externalities, exploit economies
of scale and operate firms at officially optimal level, the outcome proved otherwise for Tanzania.
The government failure occurred in the following ways;
The state owned cooperation turned out to be inefficient in almost all areas of their operations. For
example many supply companies operated below standard such as National Milling Cooperation
which was supplying food stuffs like maize, packed maize flour, rice and wheat causing higher
demand in urban areas. Another company was Regional Trading Company (RTC) for supplying
commodities like sugar, soaps, wine from Dodoma, and these caused shortages of the commodities.
Due to lack of fund from central government health services, water, education (especially primary
schools) remained a big problem in both urban and rural areas. The government operation in
providing these social services was highly contributed by among other things inadequate foreign
exchange as the country relied much on agricultural products which did not competed strongly with
the same crops from other countries in
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37. North American Free Trade ( Nafta ) And The International...
Ever since organizations and agreements like the North American Free Trade (NAFTA) and the
International Monetary Fund (IMF) were created around the end of World War 2 to supposedly help
the Third World nations to establish better economies and governments, they have only done more
harm than good for these nations. These third world countries end up becoming exploited and
extorted, forced to become dependent on the big international organizations like the IMF because of
the exorbitant interest rates charged on them, thus they remain forever in debt. The accumulation of
debt then allows the IMF to have more voice over how the indebted countries should be shaped and
how they should run their economy. What ends up happening then is that their ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Because of such policies, many women end up struggling at home and eventually, in desperation,
they end up leaving home to find work elsewhere. First, let us examine how economic policies like
the structural adjustment policies implemented by the IMF affect a country. A great example of this
is detailed in Ault and Sandberg's "Our Policies, Their Consequences", where both authors explore
how seriously the structural adjustment policies changed the economic state in Zambia. As these
authors point out, the terms of the loans "reflect the economic and political interests and values of
the world's wealthiest nations (470)". It is seen here already that that does not bode well for Zambia.
One clearly can see that globalization is just another way first world nations still colonize the world,
but instead through means of economic and trade conquests. Now, the article continues on to talk
about the kind of changes that the IMF implemented on Zambia: they wanted them to devalue their
currency and stop supporting many domestic programs, social welfare programs, and fire federal
employees and instead they wanted them to focus on increasing their exports for the global market.
And what are changes without its consequences? Because the IMF favored the growth of
international markets, the local economy in Zambia suffered greatly. Devalued
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38. Structural Adjustment Programs Have Led To The Increase
Structural adjustment programs have led to the increase in poverty by reinforcing the peripheral
status of these countries within the capitalist system. The international system in characterized by
the domination of peripheral countries by core, developed nations (Afriyie, 2009, 51). This system
is being reinforced by structural adjustment policies that make these peripheral countries dependent
and indebted to the core. The first policy that helps reinforce this system is currency devaluation.
This policy makes the adjusting countries goods cheaper for foreigners to buy while increasing the
price of foreign goods (Afriyie, 2009, 54). To counteract this these countries are given large foreign
currency loans that encourage the purchase of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This unequal exchange of raw materials for processed goods is impoverishing these peripheral
countries and allowing the developed, core countries to flourish. Rising food prices leads to more
families being pushed under the poverty line (Rao & Lowenson, 2000, 7). While the IMF and World
Bank claim structural adjustment programs would eliminate poverty, this has not been the case in
many of the countries where these policies were implemented in (Odutayo, 2015)
The continued indebtedness of developing countries results in the inability to address the growing
poverty and inequality problem within these countries. The policies these developing countries are
forced to implement keep them poor and powerless in the global economy (Odutayo, 2015, 88).
These programs produce a vicious cycle where these indebted countries are forced to implement
detrimental neo liberal economic policies that result in poverty and debt being a permanent
condition of the developing world (Manji, Fiorze, Burnett, 2010, 10). In 2002, the North received
around $200 billion American dollar from the South in debt repayment (Odutayo, 2015, 88). In
Ghana one third of its export revenue goes to the IMF and the reaming profits go to the the Bretton
Woods Institution and G7 members (Harrigan & Younger, 2000, 198). With developing countries
contributing their export revenue to loan repayments, they are unable to address any
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