Canadian Labor Market Discrimination Against Minorities

The Canadian Labor Market Of Canada
There is a very strong emphasis on human rights systems and laws to address discrimination in Canada. Unfortunately simultaneously, Canadians also
have a heritage of racism. It is not targeted only at Aboriginal persons, contrary to a common belief; it is also targeted towards other groups also,
consisting of Chinese, African, South Asian, Japanese, Muslim and Jewish Canadians. Even today the Canadian structures and systems are affected by
this legacy distressing the lives of everyone and especially the racialized people in Canada.
This paper is an attempt to understand ethnicity exhibited in the Canadian labor market. There is a long history of maintaining unfair policies and
biased practices towards Canadians who are racially different on the basis of skin color and other apparent features. Sadly with time unfavorable
policies and differential treatments targeted at racial minorities turn out to be specialized characteristics for these groups. Given this framework,
unfavorable social features ascribed to racial minorities and superficial characteristics become inseparable. It has been proved by research that even to
this day; Canadian society persists to assign disparate social value to people of diverse origins. Several studies have reveal that non–white minorities
are regarded as generally less favorable and less desirable than people of European origin by Canadians, and that the concept of "race" continues to be a
way to make sense of their daily experiences
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Minority Groups within Empires
Introduction
1– What is a minority
2– Empires and Minorities
Body Paragraphs:
1– Romans and Minorities
2– The Ottomans and Minorities
3– The United States and Minorities
4– Minorities and Destroying Empires
Conclusion:
1– Recommendations regarding dealing with minorities
When the word "Empire" is heard, people tend to think of a hegemonic state with an emperor that oppresses all those who oppose him. Such an
impression is not the result of nothingness, but that of shallow knowledge of certain empires that prevailed in the pre–modern and early modern world.
However, before we get into details about how minorities were dealt with, we have to define our terms. The first term to be defined is "minority";
which according to Richard T. Schaefer means "a subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their lives than
members of a dominant or majority group."
There are certain characteristics for minority groups. The first is that they have a distinguishing physical or cultural trait. Such a case is manifested
regarding the Hijab in France, or the use of Kurdish language by Lebanese Kurds. The second is being treated unequally, and having less control over
one's life, as was the case with Africans in South Africa. The third characteristic is having involuntary membership, with no personal choice being
employed in the process. That characteristic is to be observed with African Americans born to slave parents. A fifth and highly important

Fast Food Land Case Study
Though President Ronald McDonald may like to think that Fast Food Land (FFL) is "the most perfect of societies," it is clear from the "cultural and
religious strife" that he describes that this is far from the case. Indeed, FFL may be in need of more than just "minor reforms" as President McDonald
hopes. The answer to what steps should be taken in order to remedy the situation in FFL lies in a thorough examination of the following questions: How
should society treat and accommodate immigrants as opposed to indigenous national minorities? What sort of accommodations should be made for
immigrants and to what extent should immigrants be expected to assimilate? What model for addressing diversity is the most appropriate for the
government to use? ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Alison Renteln's reasoning in The Cultural Defense, it is certainly better to err on the side of accommodating too much rather than too
little as, often times, dress polices that appear to be neutral and non–discriminatory have a disproportionate impact on minority workers. This is
because, in certain instances, a workplace attire restriction can actually be viewed as "a subterfuge for discrimination," since businesses are trying to
conform with the image of the majority, and to distance themselves from that of the minority. Though it could perhaps be fair to make the very
Nozickian assumption that "if an employee chooses to work for an employer whose uniform is clearly specified, then the employee should be prepared
to comply with the required dress standards," it is important to note that such policies have a disproportionately large impact on members of minority
groups, such as the Wendylandians in FFL, and this should certainly be taken into consideration. Because workplace dress codes in FFL result in
"disparate treatment and disparate impact" for Wendylandians, they should be revisited. That is not to say that dress codes should not at all be
applicable to Wendylandians, but rather that the unreasonable burden that falls on the Wendylandians should be taken into account, and dress codes
should be modified so that they either, allow employees to display certain Wendylandian cultural symbols and trends, or at least, become actually
culturally "neutral" like they claim to

The Poem Of 'Dothead'
"Dothead". This word is a racial slur that mocks the entire Indian culture. It is very clever of the author Amit Majmudar to title this poem of his
"Dothead". Throughout the poem the speaker's classmates are mocking his culture, specifically the red dot that his mother and all of the other women
in his culture wear on their foreheads, this is where the title "Dothead" comes from. This red dot the speaker is referring to is called a "bindi"
usually in the Indian culture a bindi is used to signify that a woman is married and it also is referred to in a more religious meaning as a "third eye"
to ward off bad luck. Overall, the title of this poem creates the idea that the author also at some point has experienced mocking based on his cultures
stereotypes.
The poem focuses mostly on the overall irritation that the speaker has because of his classmates mocking of the Indian culture. The speaker himself is
part of the minority, a young Indian boy, while his school mates are part of the majority, young white American boys. In school at this time within the
poem, the students are apparently learning about World History, specifically that week, learning about India. This is what has started the teasing and
mocking throughout the poem. The white American children do not understand or have respect for the Indian culture the way that the speaker does
since it is in fact his own culture. This poem is a good example of how the majority of culture, in this case white Americans can be

Millennials Research Paper
Peyton Price
Karen Wood
English 1310
11 October 2016
Millennials Recreation of Language
Millennials are the generation who are constantly on the internet. They are plugged into phones, laptops, or even gaming consoles that are connected to
the internet always interacting with others. Millennials have developed a different way of thinking and doing things. To development of a nation they
would need way of communication. Morrison thinks that if our language disappears so will our existence. Morrison sees the issue with our language
disappearing as unsafe for different cultures. She is afraid minority cultures will go extinct, because the bias of culture is language. Some may argue
that the new generations use of the internet is killing our ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Millennials are the generation with the biggest hearts and most compassion. They are improving many racial problems we have today in america by
using social media to raise awareness and show support all over the world. This is helping preserve culture and the language of the nations. They are
doing this by using hashtags to provide recognition and make people know to the things happening in the world. Millennials have to power to start
raise consciousness about any trend they care about though social media. Social media is bettering the world and helping this generation inform
people on minorities. Also using technology, emojis have been created to serve a way to represent culture in a fun and positive way. Millennials are
not destroying language; they are recreating it for the

Visible Minority And Immigrant Racism
Visible Minority and Immigrant Racism in the Canadian Work Environment
In the ideal world, every person is treated equally in the workplace whether it be hiring, promotion, assignments or termination. However in reality,
racial discrimination and harassment remain pervasive in the workplace, with 1 in 4 visible minority workers who reported that they had experienced
racial harassment or discrimination in the workplace [3]. In this essay, I will be discussing the social–history of racism in the workplace, the nature of
racism in the labour force, motives and factors, immigration policies, temporary programs and exploitation of employment, the de–skilling of
individuals and non–recognition of foreign credentials, the social–history of racism in the workplace, racism in the sociological conflict theory
paradigm, and finally, policy recommendations to aimed to eliminate and decrease racism in the work environment. In the Canadian work environment,
racism exists as a complex and multidimensional inequality for visible minorities and immigrants, and can be examined socially, economically and
politically using the sociological Marxist conflict theory paradigm.
The Social–History of Racism in the Workplace
The scramble to increase wealth began following the 'discovery' of the western hemisphere by wealth–seeking European empires. Initially, empires
sought for gold but later realized the soil of the new lands were of the greatest wealth, but could only be acquired through the labour

How Diversity Is Important For A Successful Organization
In this modern era due to globalization world became a global village in the trade, economy, financial and marking. So people travel one country to
another country with their culture and languages for work and trade and this make the multi–culture in different kind of organization and workplace.
People are interconnecting thought the trade, lifestyles, in the labour markets and employment patterns, and in business dealings. Diversity in the
workplace is worker in workplace from different kind of the background and they can be different in gender, age, physical ability, sexual orientation,
religious belief, work experience, educational background, and many more. Today in many countries diversity in the work place increasing day by day
and organization became a multicultural. Nowadays diversity play very role important for a successful organization in this global kind of the market.
Diversity is an greatly important factor and the effect of diversity seems positive and the negative in the workplace. (Business Australia 2015) There
are many benefit of the organization to diversity in the work place. In the future, workforce change and relationships of the people with organisations
will also continue to change..In the work so many Kind of the diverse minds help the organisation to solve the different kind of the problems like
operating and solving problems and decision–making. Those issues about Dealing with workforce differing qualities grow past legitimate
considerations.

Discuss The Arguments For The Rights And Privileges Of...
In this essay, I will be arguing for the rights and privileges of minority groups. I believe that 'special' privileges do not give minorities excessive
benefits, and that these privileges also do not infringe upon the rights or lifestyles of the majority. I will prove this through the examination of several
aspects of society and nation, including equality, nation–building, and identity. These three characteristics of multiculturalism and society will help
evidence the justification of minority rights in the face of opposing liberal majority interests. To establish the need for minority rights, the concept of
multiculturalism must first be understood. Kymlicka describes multiculturalism as "an umbrella term for the claims of these ethnocultural... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
For most people, identity is intimately tied into their cultural/religious backgrounds. When minorities are denied recognition of their backgrounds for
the sake of the majorities comfort, it denies minorities their right to cultural or ethnic identities. Living in a society that has a mainstream culture
contrary to one's own lifestyle makes it difficult to embrace your own identity with pride, especially if that society's government does not support
your need for rights. As identity is so crucial in a person's good life, it is unjust for a society to deny a person their right to celebrate the practices of
their culture or religion. Despite identity being considered a fairly basic right in modern society, it is also where most of the issues surrounding
minority rights occur. Giving a group of people the right to practice a religion seems inherently just at first glance, however what happens if the groups'
beliefs conflict with the liberal majority's concept of human rights? In instances where the beliefs of the minority directly conflict with the goals of the
state (to protect its citizens), I believe it is justifiable for the state to step in on behalf of the child's wellbeing. These instances, despite being
well–known, are not as common as one might think. It is easy to criminalize minorities for specific and rare instances of abuse, but overall it is
empirically provable that most minority groups only want special privileges in order to raise their position in society to be equal. It is unusual for cases
to be handled without precedents or established systems, but in the case of multiculturalism I think that case–to–case examinations would be the most
effective way to police such crimes in minority groups. The fear that minorities may abuse any special privileges they may be awarded does not justify
the preemptive denial of

The Major Contributions Of Dissenting Minority Religions...
Focusing on the major contributions of dissenting minority religions and the collective efforts of non–elite followers, Buckley breaks with the trend of
ignoring the vast majority of Virginia colonists on subjects not named the Great Awakening. However, his work slips into the realm of presentism with
a strong hint of bias when he discusses the uneasy alliance between colonial rationalists and evangelicals in their fight for disestablishment. Buckley
argues that although they agreed on many issues, they disagreed on the relationship of church and state. While rationalists believed in a total
separation, "the intent of the evangelicals was not a complete separation of church and state in rationalist terms nor the privatization of religion." His
underlying argument is clear; the United States owes its freedom of religion not to the 'Founding Fathers' but to the populace of Virginia, many of
whom associated themselves with a 'dissenting' religion who believed in the freedom of voluntary association and the continuation of some form a
church/state relationship. Buckley, the Jesuit priest writing in the 1970s, was supporting an argument for increased church activity in the public sphere
by arguing that the legal and academic fields had misrepresented the intentions of colonial Americans by emphasizing too much on the intent of
Revolutionary leaders. Certainly, the intent of all church historians writing during the period was not to advocate an increased religious presence in

The Social And Cultural Life Of The Muslims
1.1 Introduction
So far as the minorities in India are concerned Muslims are the largest minority in the country. Majority of this community is educationally and
economically extremely backward. Almost all other minorities are educationally and economically better off. Unfortunately Muslims have not been
able to get their due share in total welfare work done by the Government, for economically weaker sections of the society in the country since
independence. Different Governments appointed committees time to time to find out the causes of educational and economic backwardness of
Muslims. Among these communities the latest one is the Sachar Committee. The committee has clearly revealed that only 4 per cent Muslim
population is educated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Despite constitutional guarantees of equality and social justice and socio–economic and educational development in the country, large numbers of
Indian Muslims are either unemployed or associated with manual low paid occupations both in villages and cities. Rapidly increasing communalism
and frequently occurring communal
Violence in different parts of the country make their economic condition fragile and vulnerable as well as multiply their woes and agony.
Both NSSO and Sachar Committee Report provide a broad spectrum investigation into the socio–economic status of Muslims in India, and look into the
roots of their disadvantaged conditions of life. In an informative article published in The Hindu in 2004, Asha Krishnakumar points out that
socio–economic condition of a majority of Muslims is worse than those of Hindus. Some 59 per cent of Muslim women have not attended school; 60
per cent were married by the age of 17 and hardly 14 per cent registered work participation. Overall, Muslims have literacy rate of 59.1 per cent, 5.7
percent lower than the national average. Hardly half the Muslim women are literate. While in Haryana, just about one–fifth of Muslim women are
literate, the figure is about one third in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Nagaland and Jammu and Kashmir. In 15 States, the literacy level among Muslim women
is less than 50 per cent. Muslims register the lowest work participation rate of 31.3 per cent, and just about

Criminalization Of Transgender People Essay
I will be using library research to discuss the criminalization of transgender people in the United States. Criminalization of a minority group is when
laws are passed to oppress or control a minority group. Criminalization is an important legal dynamic to understand because usually when it is present,
it is covert. But examining specific examples of criminalization in the past, we can understand its impact today and how to combat it. There have been
models to put criminalization into perspective, and to observer how legal systems can come to such conclusions.
There are two models by which criminalization can manifest. The first is the consensus model. This theory explains social norms, or a general
consensus under which people in a society ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Virginia was the first state to hold a trial for "unnatural" behavior, in 1624. Florida in the twenties considered LGBT people to be creatures and not
humans. I also found that in 2003 about thirteen states had laws that classified LGBT behaviors as criminal by means of sodomy (Lawrence, 2006).
Sodomy laws are still criminalizing LGBT people today. In some cases, this occurs when an alienated transgender youth decides to run away from
home, and is thrusted into homelessness. Most of the time these individuals depend on sex work to survive. These individuals are often arrested on
ambiguous charges such as soliciting or loitering

Diversity in the Workplace
Running head: DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE
Diversity in the Workplace Amber Barger ORG536– Contemporary Business Writing and Communication Colorado State University –Global Campus
Dr. Phillip Jackson November 26, 2013
DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE As companies start to regain their footing after the recent economic downturn,
2
factors such as the rising number of immigrants, mergers of large corporations, the popular use of temporary workers and the increasing globalization
of business, has forced the American workforce to become more diverse (White, 2009). While businesses begin to communicate more with other
businesses around the world, it is equally important to remember the advantages of becoming diverse domestically. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
So putting more people of color on the sales floor, and in executive positions, is really a no–brainer in any company". Customers that can relate to
representatives are more inclined to do business with that particular company. To give an example, Toyota works to find highly capableminority
employees by going outside of the automobile industry to get someone who is energetic and shows potential in becoming an automobile dealer. After
they find the right person, Toyota then puts that person through a lot of training, giving them the tools and resources they need to become successful in
the industry (Prenhall.com). Toyota's ability to look for personal traits instead of a person's years of experience in the field has given them the
reputation of being minority friendly. This has potentially given them an advantage over other automakers, also giving them the potential to
out–perform Wall Street. As the business environments continue to increase in the level of globalization, companies find it rewarding to continue to
invest in the development and expansion of their own diverse teams. They do this by following the guidelines and strategies outlined by Daniels earlier.
The more a company reaches out to the minority communities, the more recognition the company gains; also earning them a top–notch reputation by
consumers. Another benefit of

Race And Ethnicity In Sociology
Introduction
Race and ethnicity in sociology is comprised of various subfields such as the aspects of social, political, and economic. Researchers and theorists aims
to find the interactions with race and ethnicity in a given society, region, or community. Today, racial and ethnic disparities in theUnited States do exist
and many racial and ethnic minority are faced with inequality in resource, power, status, and income. Such majority–minority relations are under the
association of power; therefore, probable tensions or conflicts always exist. When examining schools, neighborhoods, politics, and media; such factors
is thought to shape who we are – our identities. Identity or as you may call it 'social identity', essentially define who we are and where we belong in
the social world. Who we are in the sense of our gender, race ethnicity, and religion is a deciding factor of the hierarchy of social stratifications. It is
often heard in the United States that one may say, "I don't see color"; proving that race and ethnicity are irrelevant to their behavior and strive to not
admit the subjective issue behind it. Yet if race and ethnicity are the dimensions of organization in society, workplace, neighborhood, and even
classroom; they are important for the identities of everyone who partakes in these settings. Race and ethnicity influence identity and behavior in so
many ways. The influential factors depend on the majority or minority status of the group with which one is

Ssci 316 Study Guide Answers Essay
study guide, chapter 1 1. Which is more problematic: acknowledging differences in groups or assigning a hierarchy to different groups? Assigning a
hierarchy to different groups is more problematic. For example if our society were to simply note that different groups are different, without an overt
or implied status hierarchy, the issues of inequality would not be as important as they are today 2. Are race and ethnicity the only types of inequality
in the US today? diversity in US today is not limited to ethnicity, race – other factors: social class (SES or socio–economic status), education, size of
group, religion, language As defined in this class what do the terms 'majority' and 'minority' refer to? (understand that a primary... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
(society determines what the groups are, where the boundaries are, what the hierarchies are) – therefore the consequences are social – consequences:
where to live, education, employment, etc. – impact: exposure to pollution, available diet (nutritious or not), neighborhood safety 8. What does
'markers' of group membership refer to? How are they important? traits above – set boundaries of who is or who is not part of which groups 'markers'
of group membership – these visible signs allow quick and easy identification – and differential treatment – these traits / characteristics themselves not
significant – become significant through social construction process What is stratification? stratification – unequal distribution of valued goods,
services stratification is basic to almost all human societies What did Marx mean by 'means of production?' How did Marx feel about the economy?
What were the 2 classes that Marx described? 'means of production' important to understanding inequality means of production (materials, tools,
resources, organizations a society uses to produce, distribute (usually unequally) goods & services) Did Weber agree totally with Marx? What did
Weber add to our understanding of stratification? felt that Marx's view of inequality (primarily economics) was too narrow – need to also consider
economic position (socio–economic status – SES), prestige,

The Diversity Of A Multicultural Organization
The multicultural organization Historically, diversity in the workplace was seen as an employment equity issues. As the years passed by, it all changed.
The surge of globalization has needed the collaboration among people of different backgrounds and cultures. Nowadays, organizations are now creating
a diverse workforce beyond just gender, race, ethnicity, and nationality. Many U.S. organizations are embracing women, ethnic minorities, and
foreign–born employees more than ever before in history. Diversity calls for organizations to recognize individuals for themselves, regardless their
designated groups. This paper will be focusing in three different parts of diversity in the workforce: type of organizations, the benefits & cost, and
measurements taken by CEOs to promote diversity. In today's society, due to the great diversity, organizations should be multicultural to allow all
members of different cultural backgrounds to contribute and achieve their full potential. According to Cox (1991), there three different types of
organizations including monolithic, plural, and multicultural organization. The monolithic organization is demographically and culturally
homogeneous. According to Cox, the most important fact about this type of organization is that there is minimal structural integration. For example,
most Chinese companies are monolithic from a cultural and ethnic perspective. The majority of their workers are ethnically Han Chinese. However,
from a gender perspective

Ethnic Minority Education in China: Finding a Path...
Ethnic Minority Education in China: Finding a Path between Tradition and Development
Introduction
Educating a nation is no simple task. Even in the United States–which boasts a substantial tradition of public education, political stability, economic
prosperity and a strong middle class–issues such gender and racial equality, diversity, and budget reality still cause continuous debate. For a nation like
China, the task of educating its people is even more daunting. China has a population of 1.3 billion, an economy that is still developing, and thus even
more stringent budget constraints. And although abandoning command economics for the free market in 1977 allowed double–digit economic growth
through the 90's, the now–uneven ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is no coincidence that many of the poorest and least–educated areas in China today are heavily populated by ethnic minorities. To begin with, not all
minority groups are motivated to seek education–for some, such as nomadic tribes, the uniform national curriculum in China has little bearing on life
within the minority society. Others, such as the Tibetans, traditionally favor religious education for boys, and discourage education for girls (Lee, 40).
For minorities who are not indifferent to formal education, structural barriers persist. Minority children often grow up speaking their native tongue,
which puts them at a disadvantage in the Mandarin–oriented system of formal education. Many fall behind early, and drop out because they lose hope
in ever catching up. Poverty is another barrier against educational advance, especially given the fact that market reforms have taken away many of the
services that used to be provided by the state. Public education is no longer free, so many children leave school because greater output on the farm
results in more income for the family. Also, since minorities are not subject to China's one–child policy, having a greater number of children often
means that the family cannot afford to send them all to school. Within the region or village, shortage of funds means that schools, qualified teachers,
and adequate facilities are often few and far

Racism And Racism In France
France is the 19th most populous country in the world. The total French population is estimated to be 63,718,187 with around 60, 876,135 living in
metropolitan France. The largest cities in France are Paris, Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Toulouse, Nice, and Nantes The French society has a wide diversity
of people and ethnicities. Ethnic groups include Celtic, Latin, Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Indochinese, in addition to the Basque minorities in the
south. However, there is a large percentage of immigrants in France (Legal & Illegal). In 2004 a total of 140,033 people immigrated to France, 90,250
were from Africa, and 13,710 were from Europe, the following year immigration fell to 135,890. According to to the French National Institute for
Statistics and Economic Studies, France has an estimate of 4.9 million foreign born immigrants, 2 million of which have acquired French citizenship.
A way to ask the question concerning minorities and adjustment is to consider whether the French are racists. Do they practice diversity? Do they treat
their ethnic minorities well? The simple answer is that "yes" racism does exist in France, just as it exists in all other countries and cultures. As with all
other people, it is a complex situation. Official records show that there is racism at work in employment. Unemployment for French nationals hovers
around 10%. Yet, for the foreign or ethnicpopulation that figure is on the upside of 20% at all times. Just looking at second generation North

P5 Review Methods Used by Public Services to Ensure...
P5
The role of the Public Services in promoting Equality and Diversity .The methods used by Public Services to ensure they have a diverse workforce
Are the following: * Bullying and Harassment at work Policies * Policies designed to prevent bullying * They state what should be done if it happens
* State responsibility is up to the individual
Policy / procedures to prevent discrimination and promote equality and diversity: * Equal opportunities procedure * Grievance procedure * Bullying
and harassment * Anti–discrimination * Complaints procedure
P5 Georgia Johnson
S188918
Citizenship assessment
Equal opportunities – These policies are set out to say how employees should be treated in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means that three quarters of police officers are male. Estimates in 2008 put female firefighters in at just three per cent. In March 20009 the ethnic
minority of police officers in England and Wales was 4.4 per cent, firefighters in 2008 were at three per cent and RAF 1.8 percent of ethnicminorities
in 2007–2008 the percentage of ethnic minorities in the UK is 7.9 per cent. Services in UPS have to put many support mechanisms in place to
ensure that diverse groups and individuals have equal access to do this they can: * have leaflets and websites available in different languages *
information in audio and Braille format * ensure buildings are accessible * develop a diverse workforce to represent the community * have
specialist training on issues of religion , culture, and disability * specialist measures for reporting crimes , and homophobic and hate crimes * use of
minicom and mobile phones for texts for individuals with hearing problems * use of interpreters * Specialist equality and diversity officers . * Ramps
and disabled parking spaces and wheelchair friendly doors and lifts
Also you may need to support employees needs to through organisations that represent the interests of the public services such as: * legal advice and
representation * counselling and personal support * negotiations on pay and conditions * lobbying government on

Pros And Disadvantages Of Multiculturalism
Multiculturalism as a normative ideology: a promise or a threat? It is a difficult task to take a clear side as it is a question with no simple answer in
which both sides have to be considered to come to a conclusion. Before we go deep into any sides, what is multiculturalism in the first place? IFLA
(International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions) defines Multiculturalism as the co–existence of diverse cultures, where culture is
composed of racial, religious, or cultural groups and is established in customary behaviors, cultural assumptions and values, patterns of thinking, and
communicative styles. The term "multicultural" came into prominence in the sixties and early seventies in Canada and Australia where this term is ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Giving extra–protection to minorities can lead to reinforcing oppression of vulnerable members of that group. This is because it is akin to giving the
powerful members of those groups the opportunities to undermine the basic liberties and opportunities of vulnerable members. These vulnerable
members include those who are against religion, sexual minorities, women, and children. The "internal minorities" objection is especially troublesome
for liberal egalitarian defenders of multiculturalism who aim to promote inter–group equality while also challenging intra–group inequality, including
gender inequality (Zalta, 2010).
Multiculturalism as a normative ideology has both advantages and disadvantages. After weighing this argument for some time, I am supportive of
multiculturalism as I believe that it is a tool that brings everyone together and helps every individual define who they really are. Last but not least
just like the Nobel Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi said, " It is precisely because of the cultural diversity of the world that it is necessary for different
nations and peoples to agree on those basic human values which will act as a unifying factor

Cultural Differences Of The Bronx
I reacted as politely as I could to the cultural differences in the Bronx. The culture shock often made me irritable and honestly annoyed, but I never
lashed out or maliciously acted on my sentiments. With the constant Spanish, music playing, and different attitudes, I needed to find a way to zone out
my surroundings. And I turned to music, country music in particular. I had always loved country music, but I really came to love it while inthe Bronx. It
was a way for me to regress into the culture in which I came–mainly a white culture that often has an affinity for the outdoors and wilderness. The
urban jungle of NYC rarely offers a great area to fish or hunt. Yet I also did try to embrace the changing culture. I would dance to the Latin music
that many of my students played; I would eat locally and try different cultures' foods; and I read up on the history of the Bronx and how it evolved
into a city with a working class that is socioeconomically challenged, and how many people–especially those of color–have received the brunt end of
public policy decisions that have no other explanation than environmental racism and unjust drug policies. For example, we worked with students
whom, at any given time, could have their homes evicted, suffer an asthma attack from the unconscionable pollution caused by the Bruckner Bridge
that connects upstate New York to Manhattan, or lose a father or mother or sibling to one of the everyday evils that swirl around a neighborhood like
Hunts

Schools And Multiculturalism In Schools
Most of the people involved in the education force are white, middle class, catholic, monolingual English speakers. However this profile no longer
holds true for the students. Gone are the days when Irish classrooms were full with white, catholic children. These classrooms are now packed with a
variety of ethnic diversity. Although these children from different backgrounds are aminority in the classrooms, schools and teachers must figure a way
to make them feel just as equal as the majority white, catholic children.
Schools should be striving in achieving multiculturalism. This is the acceptance and acknowledgement of the ethnically diversity that is present in
their schools. For the longest time ethnic minorities, travellers, Africans, Indians, Muslims, Jews and many others have not been given the same
recognition as others.
'Irish society has undergone substantial change in the past thirty years, typified by a rapidly changing social structure' (Dympana Devine). Teachers
must devise teaching strategies in order to help the children in their classrooms. Bullying is a major issue which teachers must address when
introducing multiculturalism into their classrooms. 'The most salient form of racism among children and young people appears to be in the form of
racist name calling' (Connolly 1998, Mac An Ghaill 1994, Troyna and Hatcher ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Multicultural education is imperative in classrooms in which there are ethnic minorities it is a set of strategies designed to address the diverse
challenges experienced by rapidly changing Irish classrooms. It is a beginning step to shifting the balance of power and privilege within the education
system. To motivate children in the learning process, teachers must be aware of the ability of each child in their classrooms. Teachers must not engage
in racial or ethnic stereotyping because this may hinder their

Diversity
Diversity in Canada
August 23, 2011
Abstract
In this paper I will be looking at diversity in Canada and how the term of diversity is used to refer to cultural differences, how it applies to all the
qualities that make people different. Diversity is shown in mutual respect and appreciation of the similarities and differences such as age, culture,
education, ethnicity, experience, gender, race, religion, and sexual orientation. An environment where diversity is respected is on whereas individuals,
and members of teams, can effectively apply all talents, skills and experiences. Demographic characteristics are the background characteristics that help
what a person becomes. Ethnicity reflects the cultural experiences and feelings of a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1991, 2.5 million people were members of the visible minority population or 9.4% of the population. The visible minority population further
increased to 3.2 million in 1996, or 11.2% of the total population. By 2001, their numbers had reached an estimated 3,983,800 or 13.4% of the total
population. In 2006, the visible minorities accounted for 16.2% of Canada's total population.
What are the participation rates, earnings, and employment differences among the groups? The participation rates for Canada in 1991, 1996 and 2001
stated "rates of visible minorities are roughly comparable to those of the total population. The participation rate of the

Choosing An Online Survey And Collect Responses
Instead of interviewing four people, I decided to make an online survey and collect responses because I was at home for Thanksgiving. As a result I
got more responses, and I think people were more honest as well. I also allowed for the respondents to choose whether they have majority or minority
status. I had nine responses, three identifying as minority status, five as majority status, and one student who was not sure, since he/she/they fell into
multiple target groups but reported that she didn't experience any discrimination. There were some interesting discrepancies, since one female student
reported that she was a minority, and another reportedly felt she was in the majority. At RIT, the distribution of gender differs by program, so this could
be a reason why this discrepancy exists. None of the students who identified themselves as having majority status reported experiencing any
discrimination themselves, and neither did the one female student who identified as a minority but fell into no other target groups. One respondent, a
self–identified conservative, Catholic white male chose to identify as a minority group. I thought this made sense since college campuses tend to be
liberal, so conservatives are sometimes considered to be minorities. I thought about adding a checkbox for ideological minorities to my target group
list when I first made my survey, but I was concerned that anyone might have a reason to check that box, since everyone's ideologies vary to some

Minorities In Qualitative Research
The process in finding one's identity can be difficult, especially as there are many factors that may alter an individual's actions or thoughts about
themselves. After deconstructing several articles by academic researchers it was evident that the process of one's self identification stems mostly from
the way in which we communicate and interact with other cultures (also known as interculturalities). Each journal article posed a different aspect to the
research, while still showing patterns and overlap that correlated with the results found in the other articles. The researched used different
methodologies in order to conclude with credible findings. The methodologies included, interviews, questionnaires/surveys, case studies, online–chats,
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The most common debate between a minority group and a majority group are the ideas around religion and it is Elyakim Kislev (2012) who argued
that, "[there are] challenges faced by religious groups in a society with a non–religious majority." Throughout both McGraw Hill– Higher Education's
work (2004) and Elyakim Kislev's (2012) research, the idea of a four step model was introduced. However, majorities and minorities do not share the
exact same steps, which can cause different outlooks to arise. Minorities emerge with the four strategies/methods which include; integration, also
known as participation in the majority culture while still holding on to their own, separation or rejection of the majority culture and only accepting their
own, assimilation or the rejection of their own culture and acceptance of the majority culture and finally marginalization, which focuses on the
rejection of both the majority culture and their own. The majority on the other hand show the same integration step (but participating or interacting
with the minority group) and then are followed by "acceptance, resistance and then redefinition and reintegration" (McGraw–Hill, 2004)." Kislev (2012)
argues that the most ideal model or step would be, "solely based on the acceptance of both cultures." Kislev's (2012) study also examined that the
ability to, "[take] from both cultures [would] be enough to increase the emotional well–being and educational achievements of minorities." By
acknowledging how different people between the two classes (minority and majority) accept both their culture and other cultures, it gives insight into
how they may shape their identities and ultimately, how they may treat

tma03
TMA03– PART 1. ASSIGNMENT PLAN Go through each heading and explain what the table is telling me. Why would the figure be what it is– for
what reason? TMA03– PART 2. ASSIGNMENT PLAN INTRODUCTION: в
–Є Explain the text given в–Є What is assignment about в–Є What is
identification – categories в–Є Phoenix and Pattynama – ref MAIN PART в–Є Who is Narendra and what does he do в–Є What identities does he have
в–Є What are the discourses of visitor to national park and chairmen в–Є Racial & ethnic identities в–Є Unmarked identity – Othering (RACIAL)
CONCLUSION в–Є Where does Narendra's heart lay – ethnic or both? TMA03 PART 1: What does this table tell us about the
... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Identification is a process where one or more social identities become part of someone's personal identity. There are different identities that come in the
following categories:– A group or collective identity: If all the people within it have something in common. It is a shared identity given by similarities.
For example, nurses working in Brixham Hospital. Personal identity: A description of who someone is. For example, cheerful female, middle–aged
mother. Social identity: An identity given by connections to other people and social situations. Similar to a personal identity. For example,
middle–classed bank manager. Relational identity: Relationship between people, possibly unequal. For example, girlfriend and boyfriend, mother and
daughter, boss and employee. Situated identity: Is given by the social situation and is likely to change. For example, a shopper, a tourist, a local.
Identities are complex and as Phoenix and Pattynama argue, it is often necessary to consider the combination or intersection of different identities.
(Phoenix and Pattynama, (2006) p169) According to Salmon, 1985 (Salmon 1985, p171), development and change are not limited to childhood but
continue throughout our lives. It is however argued that personal identities are similar to social identities, and include group or collective identities.
Narendra Bajaria is chairman of a national park authority in

Movie Analysis : Film, Japanese Clothing, And Japanese...
Each person holds a separate perspective, whether it is due to demographic differences or specific cultural differences, each audience member has a
distinct view of a film. Our topic quote means that we can interpret films in our individual perspectives, as well as how others may perceive us. This
not only presents us with what each culture is viewed as, but also if a certain culture is viewed as a hero or a villain. Audience members can only
recognize the characters through what is shown to them in the films. If a Japanese character continuously walks in scenes with geta sandals (a
traditional form of Japanese footwear), you may assume that the majority of the Japanese population wears them too, due to how they are represented
by that sole Japanese character. What we see in motion pictures reflects on how we identify and perceive the world around us. As we understand, what
is shown in a film truly affects people outside the theaters, particularly on how specific cultures are identified. As a child growing up watching
blockbuster films, when I watched a new, hit movie where a Chinese person was labeled as a nerd, soon after, I was called a nerd; this is through
the connection of the film's view of the Chinese. This stereotype led me to believe that I actually needed to be as smart as the media stated my
culture was. What we have seen on the screen emanates what society really views people and its issues as. If it is able to go through Hollywood, then
it must really be a

The Impact Of Visible Minorities In Canada
What are visible minorities? Visible minorities are those people that are not native people or white skined in race or non–white in color. Canada is
multicultural country that divides its population into two categories; visible minorities and non visible minorities. It has been noticed that the number
of visible minorities is increasing per year in Canada (Black, 2009 p.71). The number and impact of visible minority citizens of Canada is developing
in terms of percentage of the population. Visible minorities are also allowed to take an interest in different fields, for example social, governmental,
private limited and politics. They also have rights in all terms same as to white people. Many immigrants from different countries based on work
permit or study permit came here in canada. These migrated immigrants have lot of opportunities to settle down , get education , and with that work
is also applicable. Canadian government had provide immigrants a special place in canada and made rules and regultions as for canadians. That is
why Canada is a multicultural society in which different kinds of religions live together and cooperate with common language to describe each
others feelings. So, migrated people from different countries are called as visible minorites. However, visible minorities are seen under present in the
terms of political field in Canada ,but there is also some inequality is shown by white people in politics. "Indians in the US, visible minorities and

Racial Discrimination In Society
In the formation of homo sapiens, the race is used to distinguish the biological differences among different groups of people. Race did not exist until
human defined it and it has become a belief instead of the way to describe groups. Race in recent centuries contains attitudes and particular behaviours,
like feelings of superiority or inferiority, hostility or stereotype toward other groups. This belief is treated as an inherent passed from one generation to
the next one. Conflicts, which disturb the social order and equality, have taken place since the beginning of racial awareness. And the notion of therace
will continually interfere the racial equality as long as the term of race exist; the post–racial society will not be achieved in short terms.
The world is more tolerated than hundreds of years ago and the "difference" is existing in a delicate way. The legislation and various organizations
prevent the extreme racial violence from happening but the historical and regional problems still hinder the ideal relationships between different races.
In the post–war period, civil rights movements enhanced the position of African–American and racial segregation was overcame by social
mobilizations, but the issue has not been solved. After 9.11, the tension between western world and Muslim world has only escalated; more and more
people move to Europe due to the wars in the Middle East. Moreover, violence between races and incidents were endless in the US when Obama was
the

Failure of the Belmont Report
One. The Belmont Report has failed to distinguish different sources including the kinds of vulnerability or to map particular protections to
particular vulnerabilities (Rogers & Lange, 2013). This can be a problem because different kinds of vulnerability justify different responses.
Nickel (2006) claims that there are two overlapping senses of vulnerability at work with the Belmont Report and in following human research
ethics guidelines (p.2141). The first relates to the capacity to give informed consent, which the Belmont Report connects to the principle of respect
for autonomy (Nickel, 2006). The second is the sense of vulnerability, as explained by Nickel, which relates to the Belmont Reports principles of
justice meaning fairness (Nickel, 2006). The concern here is that vulnerable groups may be overrepresented in research for example, when the group
lacks understanding or power to refuse participation (Rogers & Lange, 2013). This is explicit in the Belmont Report. Within the study, it was also
explained that vulnerable groups may be excluded from research and thereby be excluded from the benefits of participation in clinical trials and
subsequent access to treatments for which research evidence exists (Nickel, 2006). Research ethics guidelines that simply list groups likely to be
vulnerable run a risk of stereotyping, and of the consequent harms of unjustified exclusion of research (Rogers & Lange, 2013, p. 2141). Yes, I believe
the authors within the article

What Canada 's Government Should Not Be Tolerated Under...
In recent decades, modern liberal societies have become increasingly more diverse. As a result, governments have begun introducing multicultural
policies which protect and accommodate the practices and beliefs of various minority groups. Granted that multiculturalism has enriched modern
societies with creativity, innovation, and economic prosperity, problems have arisen. One of the significant challenges faces these societies is what
should or should not be tolerated under multiculturalism. This question has resulted in conflicts between groups seeking to expand human rights and
those trying to prevent such expansion because of their adherence to a set of cultural or religious beliefs. In this paper, I will seek to identify when
religious ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Implying that government policy should not have the effect of favoring one idea of the good life over another. Therefore, scholars recommend that to
maintain an impartial framework of neutrality, liberal democracies must uphold constitutions or laws that respect individual rights and freedoms to
ensure that no harmful or exploitative philosophies are protected (Pierik 2014). Canada has had a long history of multiculturalism, having been the first
country to formally declare it a policy in 1971 (Reidel 2009). Like what Pierik (2014) and other scholars have recommended Canada maintains
neutrality by remaining committed to individual freedoms and human rights as interpreted by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Reidel
2009). The opposition to legalizing same–sex marriage provides a fascinating example of how Canada's government manages both neutrality and
multiculturalism. Those opposing same–sex marriage made arguments based on cultural and religious beliefs and asked that Canada's government favor
their interpretation (Reidel 2009). They argued that extending the right to marry same same–sex couples would violate their beliefs and lead to a
deterioration of society (Reidel 2009). However, in this case, the demands for accommodation made by various religious and cultural groups were

Ethnic Identity and African Americans Essay
Ethnic Identity and African Americans
Ethnic Identity
Ethnic identity is the sum total of group member feelings about those values, symbols, and common histories that identify them as a distinct group
(Smith 1991). Development of ethnic identity is important because it helps one to come to terms with their ethnic membership as a prominent
reference group and significant part of an individuals overall identity. Ethnic reference group refers to an individuals psychological relatedness to
groups (Smith 1991). These reference groups help adolescents sense, reflect and see things from the point of their ethnic groups in which they actively
participate or seek to participate.
What is ethnic identity?
The establishment of identity is an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He suggests that these families vary dramatically in backgrounds, social economic status, values, and degree of acculturation to the norms and values
of mainstream America (1990). There are also, significant differences that may exist in preparation of African American adolescent, at the level of
rearing family practices and in schools (1990). That is, schools continue to reflect historical values that deal with racial–stereotypes and prejudice and
beliefs. At the same time there are families trying to avoid and make light out of such situations. These families and communities continue to show
constancy by instilling their own beliefs and values through child rearing which maybe different from Caucasian Americas.
Identity and ethnicity as adolescent issues
Identity has been defined in many ways. It is the concept used to describe an individual's sense of who he or she is (Dashefsky and Shapiro, 1976).
Changes in identity occur throughout the life cycle, however, the changes in identity are usually most notable during adolescence. Integrating a
positive sense of ethnic identity into one's overall personal identity is an important task of late adolescence (Steinberg, 1996).
Ethnic identity has been defined as the aspect of one's sense of identity concerning ancestry or racial group membership (Steinberg, 1996). Ethnic
identity development is an essential human need because it provides a sense of belonging and historical continuity.

Lower Teacher Expectations And Stereotypes
Lower teacher expectations and stereotypes
Lower teacher expectations have been recognised to limit pupil's progress in education. Teachers are not pushing ethnic minority pupil to achieve their
potential. Ethnic minority groups are mostly entered for foundation tier GCSE examinations which then restricts the grade that can be achieved
(REMI). This is through lower teacher expectations. Lower teacher expectations lead to pupils performing less than their capabilities.
Wright (1992 p. 27 cited in Foster, Gomm and Hammersley, 1996) provides a clear example of teachers not pushing pupil to achieve well due to the
child's ethnic background.
"They [White teachers] have got this way of talking to them [Asian pupil] in a really simple way... cutting half the sentences 'Me no do that' sort of
thing... and that is not standard English. And they've [teachers] got this way of saying words 'That naughty' and they miss words out and it really does
seem stupid".
This demonstrates the practices and teaching in schools. The case study relates to how ethnic minorities may face barriers to education at school. The
teacher is the one who holds power and influences upon all the pupil in the classroom. Teachers who hold such low expectations of pupil specifically
create these. Stereotypes in which other (White) pupil in the classroom would make the lower group feel bad about themselves. This stereotype led by
the teacher would continue to spread by the pupil's. This example led by the

Immigration Policy In Canada Essay
The immigration policy in Canada have many different parts, like regulations, guidelines, and actions by government agents. It could be difficult to
know what the main goal of these different parts are, since so much of it is set out of the public eye. In this paper, the focus will be on the purpose of
immigration historically and in the contemporary period. I will also be talking about the relationship between ethnicity, race and assimilability to the
nation–state and nationhood. Then I would look at the people in immigration that were defined as either an ethnic or as a 'race ', and why.
Furthermore I would write about the relationship between nationalism and racism and how, by whom, and why it is expressed. The Canadian
immigration is the set of rules, regulations, directives, guidelines, policies and the Act of Parliament that regulates the entry of each individual into
Canada. It could be for the purpose of settling there. This has been a feature of the ancient times, when the ancestors of Canada 's native peoples
migrated from Asia by land via Beringia or by sea via the Japanese current, as it is of the present day, when immigrants from around the world come to
this country in thousands.
Victor Satzewich is believed to be the second Canadian researcher in 50 years that was granted access to what he calls the immigration department's
"black box,". Between 2010 and 2012, Satzewich was granted site visits at eleven visa offices in Europe, the United States, the Middle

The Culture Of Violence And The Cultures Of Impunity And...
"It may seem sometimes as if a culture of peace does not stand a chance against the culture of war, the culture of violence and the cultures of
impunity and intolerance. Peace may indeed be a complex challenge, dependent on action in many fields and even a bit of luck from time to time. It
may be a painfully slow process, and fragile and imperfect when it is achieved. But peace is in our hands," – Kofi Annan. Canada had assimilated an
absurd "notion of Canada's roots as a 'white settler society'," thus shunning non–whites as a lower class. Minorities and immigrants were especially
treated unfairly throughout the 20th century and labelled as 'enemy alien' as a consequence of the many wars taken place during that time period. They
suffered ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Canadian government has improved, in many ways in terms of their treatments toward immigrants and minorities; however the differences
between the mistreatment in the 1900s and now are very slim regarding issues such as the freedom, equal opportunities and justice of people of
different ethnics in society.
First of all, people of different ethnics immigrated to Canada for a better life, given that Canada is considered to be a very accepting and welcoming
place for everyone. The immigrants and minority groups' freedom in Canada has significantly changed over the past 100 years. However, looking further
into the matter, it appears that history may be repeating itself, however in a different context. For instance, during the 1900s, an abundance of
immigrant groups and ethnic minorities had endured harsh treatments and various hostile detainment centers due to their ancestry. The 20th century
was an excruciating long century filled with wars. During those wars, enemy aliens, such as Ukrainians, Jews, Germans, Italians and Japanese , were
treated with aggression and left to suffer with little protection from the government. This displays the little freedom immigrants and minorities had,
considering they were taken from their homes to be pushed around and punished for who they are and where they came from, due to their appearance
and/or background. In other words, they were imprisoned by the very people who were meant to

Native American Cultural Appropriation
Camryn Snapp
Mrs. Murdock
AP Language and Composition 11
19 March 2017
Cultural Appropriation
Cultural Appropriation is the adoption and adaptation of certain elements of a minority culture by a socially dominant group of people. This is
becoming a large social issue because, people are refusing to acknowledge the true meanings of these elements. Malversation has occurred steadily
throughout American and global history and it has been very prominent for the duration of the 20th and 21st centuries. For example, wearing a
traditional Native American headdress for the sake of an international fashion show and not acknowledging that it is a piece of ancient, and even
present day sacred and a religious sacrament. The headdresses are worn by highly respected tribal chiefs and symbolizes great strength and "god's
messenger" and is reserved for the highest power in the tribe. To use it in a lingerie campaign is disrespectful ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Other accounts of assimilation can be seen in the majority of minorities in the United States, without representation or credibility of the roots in which
it stems from. Cultural appropriation is becoming a popular aesthetic outlet. Pop culture is thriving at the hands of theft, and people are neglecting the
recognition of historical context and customs of minorities.
In the modern day of technology, it is nearly impossible to be secluded to a small corner of the globe. Social media allows us to hold the history of
the world in our hands and that leads to a constant question. Where is the line between cultural exchange and appropriation? Exchange is something
we gather from travel, worldly acknowledgement and a simple thirst for cognition. Social media is the stepping stone of appropriation, it doesn't
provide the protein of understanding. Instead, it just allows the mass majority of people to access the flood gates of the world

Genocide In The Armenian Genocide
I.Introduction
The history of political and religious conflicts between Armenia and Turkey have led to racial tensions among the Orthodox Christian Armenians and
predominately Sunni Muslim Turks in the Middle East. In 1915, there was a mass genocide committed against the Christian Armenians in theOttoman
Empire. The attempts to wipe out an entire nation of Christian Armenians led to the tragic murder of 1.5million Armenians. The Ottoman government,
which was controlled by the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), hoped to solidify the dominance of Muslims Turks by eliminating the population
of Christian Armenians. Since mass killings are often associated in the context of war, the Armenian Genocide is linked with events pertaining toWorld
War I, where the government officials of the Ottoman Empire feared that invading troops would lure Armenians into joining their army (Astourian,
1990). Thus, Christian Armenians were deported from all provinces and tragically murdered. Following the extermination of Armenians in the Ottoman
Empire, Turkey's small remaining Armenian community is subjected to prejudice and discriminatory actions by the Turkish government. The ongoing
conflicts have caused obstacles for the Armenian minorities in modern day Turkey.
II.Minority Policy
The purpose of this minority report is to discuss the ways in which non–Muslim minorities, particularly Christian Armenians, are subjected to violations
of fundamental civil rights by the Turkish government. According to the studies conducted by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Turkey consists
of 99.8% Muslims and 0.2% Christians and Jews. There are an estimated 60–70,000 Armenians that currently reside in Turkey, most of whom are
primarily located in the city of Istanbul. With that being said, it is evident that Christian Armenians form a small religious minority in Turkey; hence,
they are easy targets of persecution and injustice.
The Treaty of Lausanne, Article 39, 1,2 states, "Differences of religion, creed or confession shall not prejudice any Turkish national in matters relating
to the enjoyment of civil or political rights, as, for instance, admission to public employments, functions and honors, or the exercise of professions

Essay On Discrimination And Discrimination
In the 1950's, the sudden desire of cookie cutter neighborhoods with luxurious cars parked in the garage, and blond haired children running in the front
yard was the common depiction of prosperity and success. However, systematic racism in the housing sector hid under those cars and trees, lurking in
the shadows. For many decades, minority groups were openly rejected from certain regions in their towns and lived in deteriorating homes without
proper maintenance. Leading to a poverty cycle, these actions severely affected the opportunities in the past and present. Although this may seem like a
distant era, the issues from the past still resonate in our modern world, which reflects on the effects of redlining and discrimination from the past.
The white communities across the nation feared the influx of newcomers to the region, due to preconceived notions or stereotypes established
throughout different decades, whites felt threatened and scared that their life would change dealing with a race outside of their own. Other fears like
being outnumbered in their own neighborhood, the possibility of a lower house value, or the disruption of their purity created a hostile mentality in
whites, whose main focus was to maintain their power at the top of the societal hierarchy. This ties into the power conflict theory, in which the
dominant group feels threatened by the arrival of others and perceive the invasion as a disruption of the peace. The southern part of the country fiercely

Halloween Costumes And The Specter Of Cultural Appropriation
Halloween Costumes and the specter of Cultural Appropriation Opening 1: Halloween was an ancient cultural festival taken by people who thought it
was interesting. With the holiday's history steeped in cultural borrowing it's a shame that many Halloween costumes suffer from cultural theft.
Opening 2:
Halloween costumes are an oddity among other celebratory activities. Most holidays are steeped in safe tradition. However, in stark contrast Halloween
costumes are an individual choice that often is intentionally outlandish. While theses costumes have always pushed what is acceptable and challenged
human creativity, people now have a greater access and understanding of culture than ever before. The use of culture is a heavily contested topic. What
belongs to who and who can use what has always been a difficult line to draw. The most recent trapping of misused culture is in Halloween costumes.
In particular Halloween costumes suffers from the mistake of cultural appropriation due to the often–innocent borrowing of culture. Most people are
unconcerned with cultural appropriation and thus do no worry about the source of their costume. This causes appropriation because lack of research
and understanding leads to most costumes ignoring the context of the culture they are borrowing from. When people ignore the culture, they ignore the
very real source, which they might be hurting. Without research people making costume do not understand the importance of a piece of culture

Cultural Considerations
Cultural Considerations. It has been observed that professionals cannot offer effective support for families without understanding the systems within
which the families exist and function (Enwefa, Enwefa, & Jennings, 2006). Given the great importance of support systems for families affected by
IDD, it is necessary to consider cultural factors which may affect such systems in either a positive or negative manner. Across cultures, people tend to
have varying beliefs about disability (Kayama, 2010), which at times may function as barriers, preventing access to supports and services (Cagran et
al., 2011; White, 1987). Kayama (2010) asserts that systemic change may lead to revised perceptions and beliefs among families, moving them from
segregationist and negative views, toward a perspective of inclusion.
Additionally, it is to be expected that interventions for families affected by IDD will need to differ from oneculture to the next. This is true not only
because of linguistic differences but also because of differences in cultural beliefs and values. FQOL is a construct that is perceived in ways that vary
significantly from one culture to another (Anzar and Castanon, 2005). For example, GinГ©, Vilaseca, GrГ cia, and Mora et al. (2013) developed
instruments that proved to be effective for measuring FQOL among families in Spain affected by IDD and creating action plans based on them. It
differs from similar instruments used in other cultures, because it is tailored to the

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