2. ⢠Federalism â national and state level
govâts share power over a common area
of people
â Some powers are given ONLY to the
national govât and some ONLY to the state
govâts (and some powers they SHARE)
3. Powers of the National
Govât
⢠the national govât ONLY has the powers
the Constitution gives it
⢠*3 types*:
â Expressed Powers
â Implied Powers
â Inherent Powers
4. Expressed Powers
⢠Powers of govât that are expressed, or
actually written word for word in the
Constitution
⢠Ex: Art. I Sec. 8 (Congress can declare
war)
5. Implied Powers
⢠Powers of the national govât that are
âhinted atâ
⢠Ex: The Necessary and Proper
Clause - Congress has the power to
make laws that are needed and
appropriate to carry out its constitutional
powers
⢠Ex: McCulloch v. Maryland
6. Inherent Powers
⢠âInherentâ = a characteristic of
something
⢠Powers that ALL governments have
⢠Ex: regulate immigration and acquire
territory
7. State Powers
⢠Reserved Powers - The powers the
national govât canât have belong to the
states (as long as the Constitution doesnât
say ânoâ)
⢠Powers that are âsaved forâ or âleft overâ
⢠Found in the 10th Amendment
⢠Ex: marriage laws, liquor laws, speed
limits, schools, etc.
8. ⢠Concurrent Powers - powers that are
SHARED between the national and
state govâts
â ex: both levels tax, make laws, enforce
laws, borrow money, est. courts
9.
10. The Supremacy Clause
⢠The Constitution is the HIGHEST law of
the land
â No state or national law can override it
â when the national govât and state govâts
conflict, the national govât always wins
11. Types of Federalism
⢠Dual federalism - the national and
state govâts each have their own areas
of responsibilities (think âlayer cakeâ)
â Ex: states control national elections, education,
build roads
â National govât coins money, declares war, runs
post offices
12. Cooperative Federalism
⢠the national and state govâts sometimes
work together ď think âmarble cakeâ/
âmixedâ partners in govât
â Ex: both can work together to investigate
crimes, get involved in healthcare,
education, maintaining highways, etc.
13. The National Govât to the
States
⢠Protect the states from invasion
⢠Can step into conflicts within state if the
state canât handle them
⢠Must respect state territory boundaries
(and have them represented in
Congress)
14. How a Territory Becomes
a State
⢠Only Congress has the power to admit
new states
⢠1.) People in the territory ask Congress
for permission to become a state
⢠2.) Congress tells the people to make a
state constitution
⢠3.) State sends Congress their state
constitution for approval
15. Fiscal Federalism
⢠Grants-in-aid - the national govât gives
state govâts money to help them
function
â Categorical grants - money for a specific
purpose (ex: school lunches)
⢠Project grants - money for research and job
training
â Block grants - money for a broader group
of programs (ex: healthcare, infrastructure,
etc.) ď states have more of a choice in
how to use this $$$
16. The States to the
National Govât
⢠States conduct national elections
⢠Naturalization (becoming citizens)
occurs in state courts
⢠State can catch and hold federal
prisoners
17. Full Faith and Credit
Clause
⢠States must respect the laws, rulings,
and decisions of other states
⢠BUT:
â Cannot enforce the laws of another state
â Maintain their own residency rules
⢠Ex: Some divorces wonât be recognized
because of state residency requirements
18. Extradition
⢠If a criminal flees one state to another,
he must be brought back to the first
state for trial and punishment
â States are responsible for sending
criminals back to the state where they
committed the crime
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35. Create a Political Cartoon
⢠Choose a topic weâve discussed in this unit
⢠Illustrate a cartoon that criticizes that part of
government, or how people see it vs. how it
really is, or your view of it
⢠Feel free to exaggerate features, draw people
as animals or other objects to make a point,
and use humor
⢠Be sure to label the subjects in your cartoon
(what does each thing represent?)
⢠Use your space wisely! (no tiny cartoons)