The presentation is all about hepatitis (its causes, prevention, sign & symptoms) and its the importance of world hepatitis day. this day is celebrated to aware people abut hepatitis.

1. 28th JULY, 2021

2. LATEST WHO REPORT ABOUT HEPATITIS B
• Hepatitis B is caused by viral infection that attacks the liver
• This infection can cause both acute and chronic disease.
• The common ways of virus transmission are
i. From mother to child during birth and delivery
ii. Through contact with blood or blood products e.g. blood
transfusion
iii. During sex with an infected partner
iv. Unsafe injection practice
v. Exposures to sharp instruments like blade razors.
• As per the estimation of WHO of 2019, 296 million people were
living with chronic hepatitis B infection with 1.5 million new
infections each year.
• In 2019, hepatitis B resulted in an estimated 820 000 deaths, mostly
from cirrhosis of liver and hepatocellular carcinoma of liver
• The method of prevention of Hepatitis B are vaccines which are
safe, available and effective.

4. WHO RECOMMENDATION FOR
VACCINATION
• WHO recommends that all infants receive the
hepatitis B vaccine as early as possible after birth
or within 24 hours of birth
• Followed by 2 or 3 doses with gap of 04 weeks to
complete the vaccination series.
• By vaccination, protection lasts at least for 20
years and probably lifelong.
• WHO says that booster vaccinations is required
for persons who have completed the 3-dose
vaccination schedule.

6. LIVER : PART OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

7. HEPATITIS
• Hepatitis is caused by viral infection which
results in inflammation of liver
• The condition can be self limiting or
• It can progress fibrosis (scarring), cirrhosis or
liver cancer
• 05 types of viruses are responsible for
hepatitis i.e. Hepatitis A, B, C, D & E.

8. HEPATITIS – A GLOBAL HEALTH
PROBLEM - FACTS
• Hepatitis B & C are silent epidemics
• Hepatitis B & C kills more than malaria, TB,
AIDS annually
• Hepatitis B & C are responsible for 2 out of 3
cancer deaths
• 290 million people are living with viral
hepatitis unaware
• Birthdose vaccine is not used in 48% countries
worldwide

9. Diagnosis
• Liver function test
• Complete blood count
• Hepatitis B & C antigen

12. Signs & Symptoms

16. HEPATITIS A (HAV)
• HAV can spread through contaminated food
and water
• It can spread when infected person touch
these
• Unwashed hands thoroughly after using
washroom is another big reason
• Use of raw and undercooked foods
• For countries with lack of safe water and poor
sanitation, HAV is common

17. HEPATITIS B (HBV)
• HBV spreads through contact with the blood
or blood fluids of an infected person
• Sharing of needles, razors, unprotected sex
with infected person can spread the disease

18. HEPATITIS C
• HCV spread through BLOOD-TO BLOOD
contact
MODES OF INFECTION
• Unsafe injection practices
• Inadequate sterilization of medical and
surgical equipments
• Unscreened blood and blood products for
blood transfusion

19. HEPATITIS D (HDV)
• HDV occurs in people who are already infected
with the hepatitis B
• Dual infection of HDV & HBV results in more
serious and worse condition

20. HEPATITIS E (HEV)
• HEV transmitted through contaminated food
and water
• Just like HAV, HEV is also very common in
developing countries

21. PREVENTION

26. Safe sex using protection e.g. use of condoms

27. REFERENCES
• www.1mg.com
• Indian Pharmaceutical Association-Students’
Forum
• https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-
sheets/detail/hepatitis-b
• Google images

28. TAPAN KUMAR MAHATO
tapan.mahato@gmail.com