Manipulating And Deceiving Viewers With Sound Bites And...

Manipulating and Deceiving Viewers with Sound Bites and...
Manipulating and Deceiving Viewers with Sound Bites and Images In Duguid and Brown's article
'The Social Life of Documents', the authors make mention of how documents usually tend to raise
more debate than suppress it. This is true, as there can be an innumerable amount of possible
interpretations for one document alone. However, while there is no 'right' interpretation of a
document, there has to be a set of standards to abide by to judge all of these competing ideologies.
This is where the use of sound bites and images used in news media tend to be a source of debate.
First of all, sound bites are defined as 'film segments within a news story that show someone speak
without interruption', while image bites are defined as 'film ... Show more content on
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In so many words, the image can be influential in delivering a subconscious message. Another
problem that occurs with the use of images in the media, is the disagreement that occurs when
'textual crawls on the bottom of the screen are unconnected to the captions, images, and audio
narrative' they are shown in conjunction with (Wojcieszak, 10). This results in audience distraction,
as the work required to comprehend the contradictory messages is similar to reading two
newspapers at once (Esser, 4). Now for some specific examples of the juxtaposition of words and
images in the media. In the aftermath of both 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina, CNN, Fox News and
MSNBC, repeatedly used onscreen and audio messages during their broadcasts to add to the gravity
of the already dramatic footage. In one case, CNN used images of military trucks and armed,
uniformed men because they conveyed a sense of emergency and also because of their association
with wars and danger (see Appendix A). This idea was further encouraged by combining this
footage with the captions, "The Day After" and "America Under Attack." Also repeatedly using the
words "victims" and "soldiers," Green 4 upheld the drama of this iconic–linguistic combination
(Wojcieszak, 10). After the 9/11 attacks, the Palestinian rights activist Hanan Ashrawi was
interviewed on CNN. She was trying to convince the American public of the unrepresentative nature
of the celebrations that
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Pros And Cons Of Journalism As An Art And Profession
"Congress win Gurdaspur by 1.93 Votes". This is today's Indian Express front page Headline. What
this sentence makes you think? Is it affecting you in some way or not? If you think for a couple of
seconds on this, you will find that it affects you in many ways. Another Headline reads "Gorakhpur
In Maharashtra, Hospitals Count Infant Deaths", Why this story is important to you? What is the
purpose of all these things? What importance does this kind of writings have in a country? Who
writes all this? What exactly is this? If you don't understand this, you must recall the famous quote
of the British Politician who once said, "Press is the fourth–estate of Democracy." You might have
got a hint that the article is focusing on Journalism. Check the several aspects you should know if
you are considering Journalism as a career option. Check Delhi School of Journalism Admission
process. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Journalism as an art and craft and profession is a 200 years old practice. It is basically a form of
communication. It is about the distribution of News (events) in the form of verbal or non–verbal
communication. The person who does journalism is called a Journalist. A journalist collects
newsworthy events analyzes it and prepare a report which is circulated in the society via many
channels such as radio, television, internet and most important newspaper etc. These events are
collected to make an impact on the society to at least some degree.
Career In Journalism
Today the field of Journalism is expanding rapidly. Those who are considering Journalism as a
career option, in addition to traditional platforms like print and broadcast journalism, have scope in
new media also. Candidates can choose a career in any of the following Journalism Platforms:
Print Journalism
Broadcast Journalism
Photo Journalism
Public Relations
New Media or Web Journalism
Journalism

Summary : News And Public Opinion
Module: News and Public Opinion
What's the story?
Student ID: w1421939
Student name: Heidi Yuanhong Huang
Introduction:
Factual information gathered by news organizations would be presented to the public in the forms of
stories rather than merely a set of facts. Stories are more likely to appeal to the audience, as they
more digestible and relatable than an array of facts. At the same time, the story format is more likely
to influence the audience, which to some extent gives power to the writers or the news organizations
that are in charge of the process of transforming a set of factual information into a news story.
However, the audience of news is the demand that news suppliers have to answer to and they are
exposed to a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another thing that happens behind the scene of the news we read, see or listen to is the screening of
information and materials. Journalists receive a tremendous amount of information daily from
different sources, which they then have to decide which ones are newsworthy.
We tell stories for different reasons and it is logical to assume that journalists do so as well.
(Schudson, 2011) Decisions are made consciously or not by the news writers when establishing the
relationships among the factual information they have gathered and confirmed. There are a number
of factors affecting the decisions: organizational ones, commercial ones, political ones and so on.
Journalists often find themselves under a lot of pressure facing deadlines, they are also asked to
write to answer the requirements from their editors, in terms of timing, themes, content, etc. They
write competitively within and outside of the news agencies they work for, which gives them the
tendency of writing to please the audience, in terms of content and format.
Journalists do not need to be taught to write in the story format and switch to a grieving tone when it
is a tragic story. The story format helps readers to understand information and is more likely to
provoke emotions that lead to engagement. Journalists in different news organizations are the ones
crafting the moral of the stories. It is also essential that news

Media Analysis Essay
If we are looking at pages of newspapers or an online news website, it is not always shown to the
audience as what is newsworthy but more about what can catch the eye of the reader first. Page
designers for these newspapers and news websites design these pages to catch the eye of the reader,
to make it seem a lot more desirable to its particular audience. "Often page designers use this fact to
their advantage to create a publication which is highly accessible, engaging and desirable for their
particular audience to read." (Layton 2011, p.97) In my analysis I will be compare the Australian
Newspaper Herald Sun to the South African Newspaper the Cape Argus.
Layton (2011, p. 93) argues that the format of a newspaper is often a good indication of its quality
and readership. He describes the Herald Sun as a tabloid newspaper stating that it is "classed as
popular and middle–market newspapers... aimed at a working class readership" (Layton 2011, p.94)
Newspapers such as the the Herald Sun and the Cape Argus are known as tabloid newspapers
because they are widely read and highly controversial. "Tabloid newspapers are often criticized for
sensationalizing, trivializing and simplifying journalism." (Johansson 2007) Both of these
newspapers come across as very visually enticing when looked at, filled with a lot of images to ...
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As more and more people become inclined to find new news articles through links or shares on
Twitter or Facebook, it follows that the need to find news through search engines will consequently
keep declining. Online journalism is revolutionising the way that news is reported and read. The rise
of the popularity of the internet has forever changed the way audiences interact with the news –
instead of having to wait for a printed newspaper stories are posted the moment they break and
readers routinely expect to be able to access both the news sources and local

News Media Bias Essay
News media has a largely, overwhelming influence on Americans in this day and age. Over the
years, audiences have been exposed to various types of broadcast journalism, each with their own
forms of bias to generate attention towards various topics. The audience perceive bias in news media
program. An in–depth analysis of bias on opinionated news compared to non–opinionated news is
key to figuring out how the news media may be sensationalizing a problem. The apparent goal of
some American news media – particularly cable news shows and talk radio– is to "stimulate" a
problem.
According to one news source, "What works in cable television news is not an objective analysis of
the day's events but hard–nosed, unstinting advocacy of a specific point of view on a sizzling–hot
topic". Although individuals may turn on the television to get information on current events and
issues, they are likely to get the station's detailed, bias, perspective on it instead. One instance where
this has occurred is on the Bill O'Reilly Show, which airs on fox. It is claimed that "97%" of the
stories mentioned on the show are a result of O'Reilly's own opinions and beliefs. This large amount
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With these form of news media, there is much drama and imagery that is capable of stirring ones
emotions. For example, television coverage of a natural disaster evokes a much stronger emotional
impression than print coverage. These impressions can remain with people for a long time and
influence their views on political issues. For many Americans, television is a primary source of
news, compared to others such as newspapers and radio. This was highly evident between the 2000
and 2004 U.S. presidential campaigns, where the percentage of people reported watching broadcast
news dropped from 45 to 35%, whereas the percentage of people who watched cable news increased
from 34 to 38%

Media Is Important : The Importance Of College Media
You just got into college and don't know what's going around the campus unless somebody tells you.
You have to know when and where the homecoming game is so that you can go and buy tickets for
you and your family. Where are you supposed to get the information? The answer is simple: go and
buy a school newspaper or magazine and you'll figure it out. College media is important because the
people make the school newspaper, the people who make the next generation of media, without
them the college students wouldn't be informed of what's going on around the campus, and working
with college media provides students with the opportunity to develop many skills that they may not
be able to do as successfully elsewhere.
The school newspaper is super important. It's got information about what's going on, important
people on the campus, and many interesting articles. Meaning it's good for the students, but it's also
good for those people making the paper. These people want to grow up and be journalists. So, this is
really great for them to get to know the field better. They learn how to make a good and interesting
story, and also get some good experience that they will need to become successful in their field. Of
course since there is so much to report about there are lots of different types of positions that matter.
You have your editor in chief that's in charge of creating editorial boards and overseeing all
department editors. Another job that's important is a photographer. You

Relationships Between A Journalist And The Relationship...
Journalist A journalist is a person who collects, writes, or distributes news or other current
information to the public. A journalist's work is called journalism. A journalist can work with
general issues or specialize in certain issues. However, most journalists tend to specialize, and by
cooperating with other journalists, produce journals that span many topics. For example, a sports
journalist covers news within the world of sports, but this journalist may be a part of a newspaper
that covers many different topics and topics. Journalist and reporter are relateships. A reporter is a
type of journalist who researches, writes, and reports on information ... Show more content on
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This applies specially to war reporters, but their editorial offices at home often do not know how to
deal appropriately with the reporters they expose to danger. Hence, a systematic and sustainable way
of psychological support for traumatized journalists is strongly needed. However, only little and
fragmented support programs exist so far.
The Museum in Washington, D.C. is home to the Journalists Memorial, which lists the names of
over 2,100 journalists from around the world who were killed in the line of duty. The relationship
between a professional journalist and a source can be rather complex, a source can actually impact
the direction of the article written by the journalist. The article 'A Compromised Fourth Estate' uses
Herbert Ganz' metaphor to capture their relationship. He uses a dance metaphor 'The Tango' to
illustrate the co–operative nature of their interactions "It takes two to tango". Herbert suggests that
the source often leads but journalists commonly object to this notion for 2 reasons: o It signals
source supremacy in news making. o It offends journalists' professional culture, which emphasizes
independence and editorial

Essay on Changing Photojournalism Education in American...
Changing Photojournalism Education in American Universities
Kenneth Kenney stated the obvious in 1987– "The lack of trained teachers and educators and
standard teaching materials is the most pressing problem in photojournalism education" (Kenney
1987). The same rings true today– professors in the fields of journalism and photojournalism are
practicing the same things they were taught in college– many have been out of the workforce for
years, if they were working journalists or photojournalists at all. Today's professors were trained in
the beginning of the digital age or earlier, and practices and requirements for the future
photojournalists have changed, and are continuing to change daily. Without the proper re–education
of these ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To ensure the proper training with equipment, the student must have access to the constantly–
changing and updating materials that photojournalists, photographers, and journalists regularly have
to evolve with.
Oblinger and Oblinger again address this– today's college students, the "Net–Gen", have grown up
with technology– they have the latest computer, software, programs, websites, phones, etc. Children
and youth today average more time spent on digital media than watching TV. Today's Net Gen also
expects up–to–date technology in their learning process, and expect their professors to have
knowledge of the technology similar to theirs (Oblinger and Oblinger, 2005).
Photojournalism today epitomizes the multimedia function– photojournalists are required to perform
multiple duties rather than just take pictures. Instead, they are both taking the pictures while also
writing the story, taking video, and uploading to social media. Despite the constant addition of
duties, staffers are expected to perform them all in less time than they were previously expected to
perform one duty. Education in video, audio, photography, writing, and social media is imperative
for the future photojournalist, and with skills in all of these sets, a photojournalist will be more of an
asset to the employer than one who has only one or two of these skill sets. Specialized focuses in
photojournalism education should also be

Journalism and the Internet
Journalism and the Internet
The development of new technologies and mass media influenced dramatically modern culture. In
actuality, people spend a considerable part of their life while watching television and surfing
Internet. At the same time, today, mass media become more and more diverse offering the audience
different products in order to attract a possibly larger amount of viewers. In such a situation, many
companies operating in entertainment industry and television attempt to conduct marketing
researches and develop effective marketing strategies to introduce their products to the mass
audience. For this purpose, they use a variety of tools, such as questionnaires, audience
measurements, ratings, face–to–face interviews and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, the Internet allows journalists to communicate with their audience. What is meant here
is the fact that unlike other mass media, the Internet is truly interactive to the extent that journalists
and audience can exchange ideas freely without any significant limitations. For instance, journalists
can receive a feedback from the audience in a matter of minutes after the material they have
prepared is published on the web. In such a way, journalists can receive the feedback from the
audience and develop their professional work taking into consideration needs and wants of the
audience or simply sharing their ideas with the audience attempting to persuade the audience, and so
on. In other words, the Internet is becomes not just a means of bombardment of the audience with
information that leads to the overwhelming impact of media on the consciousness of people. Instead,
the Internet becomes the means of communication between the audience and journalists.
The commercialization of modern media affects the work of journalists and the development of
mass media at large. In this respect, it should be said that some specialists have a very interesting
and original view on the influence of advertising and mass media on consumers and on consumers
themselves. For instance, Naom Chomsky treats consumers as product. In order to understand his
point of view it would be enough to study

The Difference In Age : The Difference In Age
The Difference in Age
What is mass media? It is any means of "communication intended to reach a general, public
audience" (Coleman).The forms of communication extending to the masses has significantly
changed throughout the existence of man. Media outlets have changed the way messages are
delivered outside of interpersonal communication. Instead of one person telling another to relay a
message, or tell multiple people, the range of methods to reach thousands, and millions of people
has become critically simple. Mass media includes but not limited to: newspapers, magazines,
billboards, and social media. These tools of communication were the offspring of the first print
media, the printing press. The printing press was created in the 15th century by Johannes Gutenberg.
The history of printing began long before Gutenberg dating back 600 years with the Chinese monks,
however, Gutenberg formatted the printing press to create books and various articles a lot faster than
the traditional way by hand. This began the first notable kind of media, Print Media. Print media
includes books, magazines, and newsletters. Beginning with the Federalist Papers, receiving the
same information as your neighbor was more accessible. By the 19th century, the invention of the
telegraph grew literacy rates and more newspapers were placed in people's hands. This then created
a phenomenon where people wanted to be the first for all news whether true or not and this is called,
Yellow Journalism. Yellow

Future Of Journalism In Canada
If I had to predict the future of journalism in Canada, I would probably say that it will be
characterized by diversity of voices, high competition, professionalism, and versatility. Canada is
one of the most liberal and democratic countries when it comes to mass media and press, so I would
assume this trend will persist. Among positive trends in Canadian journalism, I would single out
diversity, interactivity, and professionalism. Diversity. The biggest media outlets in Canada are not
censored by the Government and are relatively free to provide honest, balanced, and unbiased
coverage of events. Many of these outlets have opinion writers or columnists who openly express
their stance on politics, education, foreign affairs, etc. This carnival of opinions ... Show more
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99 per cent of journalists who work for news outlets have their own Twitter account where they
interact with readers. Many large digital editions maintain and monitor platforms for discussions and
commentary. Professionalism. Although professionalism is a very subjective feature, I believe that
most Canadian news outlets and journalists adhere to the code of ethics and report the news in a
timely manner, with a lot of attention to detail and without any bias. Professionalism is reflected in
the quality of reports – mainstream news sources and large newsrooms provide balanced and
concise reporting of events. Among negative trends in Canadian journalism I would name
competitiveness, low quality of content, and sponsored content (native advertising).
Competitiveness. Based on my observation, the amount of freelance writers, journalists, and
communicators is steadily increasing. Since the field offers so much diversity, minimal education,
and less technical skills, many claim to be journalists. Therefore, the industry often settles for lower
quality and a better price, versus hiring highly trained and experienced

Critical Analysis
Claussen, Dane S. 2004, 'Cognitive Dissonance, Media illiteracy and Public Opinion on News
Media', American Behavioral Scientist, Volume 48, Issue 2, pp. 212–218. Topic – The article
'Cognitive Dissonance, Media Illiteracy and Public Opinion on News Media' is examining and
discussing public opinion, media illiteracy and cognitive dissonance. The author takes you through a
break down on public opinion of newspapers and television news and shows why a lot of the
quantitative research taken over the past several decades is in fact invalid. The main purpose of this
article is to compare and contrast newspaper and television news, and investigate the reasons why
one source is more credible and reliable than the other. He also discusses ... Show more content on
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This case study looks at the type of news people want to read, and rankings of importance among
types of newspaper readers, however all of the other original research cited in this article is no
longer available via the web to legitimise the sources. Evaluation – Claussen included information
from similar articles to draw on conclusions and back up his claims on this topic, in particular, the
article 'Differential Criteria for Evaluating Credibility of Newspapers and TV News' (Newhagen and
Nass, 1989) this is a peer viewed journal article which has been cited over 50 times. In relation to
this article drawing on the conclusion that 'newspapers will always be at a disadvantage relative to
television in surveys of public attitudes because of the separation in time and space between readers
and the people who produce newspapers' some would say since the article was written in 1989 this
paper would benefit from more recent findings on this topic as now this may have changed due to
the instant feedback they can now receive via online surveys. This has been included to support the
claims that it is harder to produce newspaper news than television news, however looking at this
article this would be the main conclusion you would draw from this evidence. Another example
would be 'The Public's Use and Perception of Newspapers' (Bogart, 1984). This is another journal
article, which compares newspaper content and the content of television news. The

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of The Mass Media
Introduction
The mass media is a tool delivery of messages and symbols. it serves to attract attention, entertain,
inform, the media serves to add value and confidence to individuals so integrated in the institutional
structures and society.
The media is divided to two types namely print and electronic media. Print media include
newspapers, magazines, and books as well as any printed and has elements of journalism. Electronic
media such as radio, television and the Internet is the most advanced.
Specifically, the function of the mass media, the first is as a source of information, entertainment,
which readers are invited to think about a problem and the establishment of a new consensus or
general agreement.
Definition of Media
Media are all forms and channels used to convey information or a message. The word comes from
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Next, we will have the risk of being offended by what other people say. For example public figures
feel danger and fear even if they didn't do anything wrong. Fake news story or a piece of political
propaganda can easily viral and millions of people will believe it because they see it in many places.
Another disadvantage of media is the misused could bring harm to our health. The excessive used of
social media could have serious detrimental outcomes on both mental and even physical health of
individuals. The improper and prolonged use of computer can results in injuries or disorders of
hands, wrists, elbows, eyes, necks and back. The users can avoid health risks by using the computer
in proper position. They must also take regular breaks while using the computer for longer period of
time. In other hand, the misused of media could lead to depression because lack of communication
with others and less contact with the outside

Photojournalism As A Form Of Journalism
Photojournalism in the 21st Century Imagine what news would appear as without photographs or the
newsfeeds and with only long paragraphs without images? Due to the advancement of technology,
the art of photojournalism has been altered. In order to understand the importance of
photojournalism, it is necessary to look at what photojournalism is and the history of it, the
responsibilities of photojournalists, the negatives of photojournalism, the impact photojournalism
has on society, and the changes of photojournalism because of modern technology. Photojournalism
is a type of journalism which gives a visual; a story or phrase without speaking words. According to
her article, "A Brief History of Photojournalism", Rachel Towne confirms this ... Show more content
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Liz Masoner confirms this in her article, "An Introduction to Photojournalism" by saying,
"Photojournalism is not just 'taking news pictures.' Photojournalism doesn't mean you are employed
by a specific newspaper or working in a war zone. Photojournalism, but simply, is about capturing
verbs" (Masoner). With that, photojournalism isn't not always a career. Everyday people can be
photojournalists which can acquire these shots that tell a tale. Photojournalism is capturing a story in
one picture without words, while normal photography is a mix of actions and names in portions. A
very important piece of this is about showing the world a story of something that actually happened.
In the acknowledgement of photojournalism, supporting proof of witness is an expression that
comes to mind. Another key part of this is art is letting the world have a visual through your eyes for
just a moment. When it's done correctly, that one moment shows a volume of time (Masoner).
Photojournalism has been around for over 100 years, but it first began in 1853. When
photojournalism first began, it wasn't with cameras because they had not been invented yet. Towne
states that the very first photojournalist was Carol Szatmari who was a Romanian painter and
photographer that documented the Crimean War. The first journalistic pictures which were printed
had to be removed from engravings because there

Reflective Essay For Journalism
I selected journalism as my elective for this year because I wanted to continue the journalism career
that I began in middle school since it allowed me to write about topics that grasped my interest and
passion aside from writing required essays in a classroom setting. In addition, I believed that this
course would allow me to improve my writing skills by learning the ethical, grammatical, and
organizational concepts relating to journalism, such as the code of ethics, the inverted pyramid, and
the editorial hierarchy. I also hoped for the course to help me with responsibility and time
management since I knew I would have to write articles and have other loads of works from other
classes. Not to mention, journalism has allowed me to be motivated to write an outstanding article
not for the grade, but for the sole purpose to make the article right. In middle school journalism was
an extracurricular activity and this year I was graded on my personal interests, my time
management, and my writing quality rather than on the actual learning of a subject. This course has
challenged me to write outstanding pieces of work based on my motivation and time management as
well without as many guidelines and structure given. It also made me a lot more confident since it
requires interaction outside of class to acquire sources for articles. Thus, through reporting I able to
establish a rapport with people and build a network. Overall, this course had helped me become a
people person,

The Media 's Influence On Human Beings
Information media is a crucial part of the contemporary influence on human beings ' lives daily. We
as people depend on upon the diverse forms of media to present the statistics that we crave in the
latest society. The news media has become creative in shooting its audience 's interest by directly
affecting your mood, and your temper can then exchange many factors of one 's questioning and
behavior. If the information program creates a terrible feeling, experiences could include worry and
strain–associated, sadness, anger, and disgust. These stories can affect the way you recognize
explain events in a single 's existence, what kinds of memories you keep in mind, and what you will
fear approximately activities for your lifestyles. However, there may be some other aspect to the tale
because the news whether on TV or the Internet also can have an entirely powerful impact on human
beings. It can also evoke feelings of love, national pleasure, and patriotism, mainly in situations
involving political problems or catastrophes. . Information is critical, and the news media giants
know how to keep people needing more. Accuracy, fairness, and timeliness are the most important
aspects of sound, credible journalism. Journalists are to be the fact finders.
Because we have 24–hour information sources, gone are the times when a reporter or expert author
's role becomes clearly to describe events in a fair and in an unprejudiced way. What is currently
going on in the global world via

##licit Racism In Television News : Visual And Verbal...
INTRODUCTION
In a world perceived by many to be more dangerous than ever, the media frequently provides the
public with updates on horrific attacks around the world. As social media develops and allows
viewers to see what they most often associate with, certain media outlets achieve a near monopoly
on the spread of information to their adherents. This has created a unique situation in modern
history, as outlying opinions have the opportunity to be equally broadcast to those who care to listen.
"Priming Implicit Racism in Television News: Visual and Verbal Limitations on Diversity" discusses
stereotypes prevalent in TV media. The journal notes that subtle racism is present in many TV
broadcasts, with examples including the infamous description of the "black male". Due to the ever
changing circumstances of terrorism, mass shootings, and domestic politics in the United States,
decades old patterns are being broken.
SELECTION
For this paper, I have selected two news articles from outlets that are viewed primarily through
social media. Both articles cover the Pulse Nightclub massacre in Orlando, Florida, and the two
outlets are known to reside at opposite ends of the political spectrum. These articles were likely to
have been viewed millions of times through Facebook, and were likely interpreted to be fact by
readers, despite both organizations offering narratives different than broadcasters such as NBC.
Breitbart and Vice News were ideal candidates to study

A Brief Note On The Post Industrial Journalism
We believe that a similar dynamic is at work today, one we're calling post–industrial journalism. To
mean "Journalism no longer organized around the norms of proximity to the machinery of
production." Observers of the news industry today, state that reporters are people "doing more with
less" is the mantra of every publisher who's just laid off a dozen reporters and editors. However,
because the "with less" part is a forced move, we have to try to make the "doing more" part work,
which means less cynical press–release–speak about layoffs and more restructuring to take
advantage of new ways of doing journalism. Post–industrial journalism assumes that the existing
institutions are going to lose revenue and market share, and that if they hope to retain or even
increase their relevance, they will have to take advantage of new working methods and processes
afforded by digital media. There is too much emphasis on getting information fast, even at the
expense of accuracy, thoroughness and fairness. Among those who see values changing, there is a
broad consensus about the direction– and it is primarily negative. When asked to explain what they
meant, majorities of both groups appeared most worried about loosening standards (62% of
newspaper executives and 67% among broadcasters), and the bulk of these responses referred to a
decline in accuracy, a lessening of fact–checking, and more unsourced reporting.
That was followed by, and closely linked to, an emphasis on

The Ethics Of Citizen Journalism And Traditional Media
In today's age, anyone can be a reporter. Traditional media is where news has been shared by trained
journalists for decades, however, citizen journalism has skyrocketed in recent years with the growth
of the Internet. These citizen journalists have no professional training in journalism collecting and
news distribution (Netzley). Citizen journalists are collecting, reporting, analyzing, and
disseminating news without any formal training but provides independent, relevant information
(Barnes). Traditional media outlets are not being outdone by citizen journalism in today's society,
but their platform is growing rapidly. The ethics of citizen journalism is not growing at the same rate
as its platform and relevance in today's world.
Producing and sharing media has become much easier which has given citizen journalists a much
larger platform than ever before. Social media, blogs, and production material such as FinalCutPro
are making it easier and faster to get media out there compared to traditional media sources (Roberts
and Steiner, 1). Citizen journalists are much more equipped with being able to share news from what
is happening at the scene of an event. These can be photos, videos, or a number of different sources
from major events in history such as September 11th and the more recent Las Vegas attack (Barnes).
Some professional news sites even encourage citizen journalists to share media, stories, and ideas. A
study done in 2008 showed that one out of every seven of

The Censorship Of The Journalism
"Breaking news just in.........." this is just one of the everyday things in the hectic world of
journalism. People often downplay the significance of this huge task. Journalism allows people to
know everything happening all around the world. It also allows questions that would otherwise be
awkward to ask to be answered. It offers informative facts and often the whole truth to everyone out
there. Without journalism the government would probably be in control of everything and fellow
citizens would ignorant of the happenings around them.
One of the roles in journalism is the journalist. Journalists have several tasks to complete but the
main thing is that they inform the public about events and topics and how it may pertain to ... Show
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Not only was he a journalist he was also a publisher and printer. He was rather successful in this
area and it could be due to the fact that he would be neutral on subjects and scrutinize all sides of an
issue and several perspectives on those issues would be published. He completely understood the
meaning of the freedom of the press, and he wouldn't limit the information he knows to the people
in America.
A reporter is another essential position in journalism. A reporter is the one who watches and pictures
the events in great detail in order to inform viewers. They have to state their own views and also the
facts of the things they are covering. This job includes having to gather the news and present it in a
certain amount of time. They have to interview several people and attend public meetings, press
conferences, and courts to find events of interest to the public.
This job doesn't quite provide fixed hours or a regular routine; it'll change by the day. The type of
work will change daily, as well as the amount of it. To fit this job a reporter must possess confident,
so they won't be overly amazed or intimidated by the rank of an interviewee. A reporter should
always take initiative to do all tasks and not be easily discouraged by people or their surroundings.
They should also posses the mental and physical drive to deal with any kind of situation quickly and
to put it into words. When

Media Coverage During The Vietnam War
The established freedom within this uncensored war, unleashed an unprecedented amount of
evidence, thus allowing the media to become a tool for oral and visual communication for the
masses, ultimately changing the method of historical approach. The 'nature of evidence' significantly
changed during the television age as the intensity of war coverage changed. Professor Phillip M.
Taylor ascertains that the role of the media enabled the general public to be "take a front seat at the
making of history on the shirt–tails of journalism". Therefore, the public became histories witnesses
– albeit indirect participants – through the media. Many theorists argue that the media did not create
or script any events that played out in the war, rather the

The Tragic Incident That Happened At Waco
The mass media is responsible for providing the general public with information regarding current
events and issues that are occurring in the world. In addition, journalists have the ability to influence
and impact individuals' ideologies about certain topics by the way they present the information,
either in a positive or negative manner (Beckford 1994). On the other hand, scholarship strives to
methodologically and critically study and analyze a phenomenon in order to present factually
correct information. Furthermore, this paper will discuss the difference between journalism and
scholarship, and will use the tragic incident that occurred at Waco as an example to illustrate each
fields differences in discussing/reporting the events that unfolded. To begin with, the tragic incident
that occurred at Waco between the Branch Deviants and government officials were discussed
differently between scholars and journalists (mass media). It is evident that news media
representations of the Waco and new religious groups in general, are depicted as being problematic
and deviant for society. In addition, the aftermath of Waco resulted in stories being published to
instill fear into the public about new religious movements (Beckford 1994). ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, debates surrounding the fire differ between scholars and journalists. According to
Dorman (2012:155), a recurrent theme that arises with the Waco incident within
scholarship/academia is that the federal agents caused the casualties at Waco, and thus were
responsible for starting the fire at Mount Carmel. While, journalists blame the Branch Deviants for
starting the fire and state it was a mass suicide (Beckford 1994). Although, scholars faced criticism
for claiming distrust in the government and their actions, these scholars were accused of being
"cult–apologists" who ignored the dangers of NRMs (Dorman

The Role Of Journalists On The Media
Imagine a world in which you did not have access to any news – the only thing you consider current
events is what you yourself see and what you hear from others. Obviously, this world would be very
problematic. We all rely on the news media to connect us to the entire world, which is why the role
of journalists is essential. Journalists have the very important duty of reporting on current events
accurately and objectively. Along with written text, pictures also tell a story, which presents a
continuous ethical issue for many journalists. Although newspapers and magazines routinely publish
photos, there are many ethical values that journalists must consider before publishing those photos,
such as the impact a photo or video could have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are typically three types of news stories journalists look for: natural events or disasters, a
person, group, or organization completing some newsworthy act, and when journalists themselves
develop their own story through beat reporting ("News"). Once these stories have been found, it is
imperative that journalists report on these events both accurately and objectively. This balance is
imperative for journalists to maintain because according to Greenberg and Wheelwright, "a key
aspect of journalistic ethics is the management of readers' expectations" (514). Although the field as
a whole has been transforming due to the online news media, considering what is newsworthy for
the general public has always been a main concern for journalists. As a result of this transformation,
trust in the news media has drastically decreased over the past several years for a variety of reasons,
which is why a revival of essential journalistic values, such as honesty and integrity, is needed.
Along with using written text to tell a news story, pictures also play an important role in journalism.
The popular phrase "a picture is worth a thousand words" is often true in this field. When thinking
back on a previous news story, readers will most likely remember the visual portrayal of a news
story rather than the written text. According to recent research, "as

Vietnam War Journalism Impact
The Impact of Journalism
Journalism has been around since the fifteenth century, reporting local news with the use of
xylography then the printing press. During this time, only a few were able to access printed
information first hand, as for everyone else, the news was told verbally as a story. As our nation
became much more technologically advanced, more people would become involved with the news.
A machine would begin automatically printing sheets of newspaper, the news was heard over the
radio, and then news became televised. News known purpose was to inform the public of current
events," at one time, 'everyone believed what the government said... people disagreed over policy,
but not over honesty (Finney)." When the news started to be televised, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Media is easily influenced and paid off by officials with power that portrays the 'power' figure to
look the way they want to be presented. President Nixon was seeking for reelection, and the
Watergate scandal "symbolize the efforts of the Nixon administration to subvert the democratic
order through criminal acts (Finney)." Nixon was cheating the political system by spying on his
political opponents and sabotaging their campaigns. For Bernstein and Woodward to uncover the
reason behind Watergate, this led to Nixon dropping out of the election and becoming the first
President of the United States to resign from office. Deep Throat is the pseudonym of the secret
informant about Nixon's involvement with the scandal, because of Deep Throat, this had closed the
investigation and led to Nixon's downfall. Journalism had brought justice and courage to the
bystanders to reveal the truth. In present day, journalism still operates this way. Journalism uncovers
the truth and

The General Term Of Journalism
In our contemporary society, we consume massive amount of public affairs every day, all around the
world, without being a personal witness of them. We are able to receive this important information
through the news media, which includes print–based media such as newspapers, magazines, books,
and audio visual such as films, television, and lastly, Internet. Their main purpose is to deliver news
to the general public. A legitimate news story aims to do all of the following–inform, educate, and
entertain its audience. Thus, it should be mainly concerned with high level of conflict and be
relevant to its readers. Only very recently though, the news became increasingly focused solely on
infotainment, losing the usefulness of a newspaper. Many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This cannot be done by a couple of journalists–this whole process is managed by the journalism
staff, and each staff has different roles. Reporters
There were a lot of interesting articles on The Huffington Post, under a section named The Death of
Newspapers. The headlines of the included newspaper articles caught my attention–they were called
"Here's How The Way We Read Newspapers Has Changed", "Bad News for Newspapers", and
"Twitter Is the 21st Century Newspaper". Based on their titles, it can be assured that technology has
shaped the journalism industry in the 21st Century.
Technology has become a very common device to own and utilize nowadays, whether it is a
public/private computer, laptop, tablet, or smartphone. It became very affordable and approachable
as well, and has had the most influence on the 21st Century, or better described as the Digital Age.
The use of media technologies has influenced in different fields in life from communication to
education. It became a key tool in learning and it has also had a great impact on contemporary
journalism, and how our society access to news organizations.
Our modern society no longer receive news through broadsheet newspapers; nowadays, they can
access news at anytime throughout the day by using smartphone apps, podcasts, television, and even
popular social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter. For this reason, they are constantly
exposed to news without

A Brief Note On Journalism And Visual Communications
Picking what to do for the rest of your life is one big decision for someone only 18 years old. There
are hundreds of majors to choose from, which is probably why it's so hard to pick one and stick to it.
According to the National Center for Educational Statistics, about 80% of students change their
major at least once in their college career (Ramos). It makes sense; how should a high schooler, who
has only studied the very basics of education, know what they want to study and do for the rest of
their life? That is the exact dilemma I am facing right now. There are lots of majors I want to learn
more about, but my top two are journalism and visual communications. Both journalism and visual
communications sound interesting and aline well with my strengths, yet journalism sticks out more
to me because I enjoy writing and there are many avenues to go with a journalism major. Journalism
is professional writing for companies, newspapers, TV stations, radios, and lots more. I think I
would enjoy journalism because I love to write. All my life I have kept a journal; in fact, I've kept
multiple journals. I've had art journals, cooking journals, random thoughts journals, bible study
journals, and even a music journal. In school, writing a paper has always been a lot easier to me than
doing any other types of homework or projects. I like the fact that journalism provides lots of
different avenues, as far as job choices ("Journalism Major"). There are a lot of jobs open, especially

Similarities Between Good Night And Good Luck
Amanda Budzilowicz
Films of a Moral Struggle: Final Paper
Professor Wachtel
8 December 2014
Television News and Morality Network and Good Night and Good Luck are two films that
examined the issue of media ethics and standards, and the role of personal responsibility and
morality in decision making and its' effect on media. In both films, the principal characters, Max
Shumaker and Edward Murrow, were faced with the issues of network opposition to airing stories
that were seen as controversial. Few corporate sponsors are given control over the mass amount of
media companies, which have the ability to exert a greater influence over what was produced and
published on air. Max Shumaker and Edward Murrow dealt with their dilemmas differently, ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Perhaps Shumaker was trying to be like a 'Murrow,' but lacked the moral courage to fill such shoes.
While Murrow accomplished something great– exposing an out of control politician and setting an
investigation into McCarthyism– Shumaker ultimately succeeded in nothing. Shumaker was
ultimately a selfish journalist, for when his job was threatened, he looked out for himself over his
friend. He knew what the company was doing to Howard was immoral for the sole reason that they
were using a man with a mental disorder as a way to boost the ratings of a struggling network. Yet,
he never advocated any ways to fix this; actions speak louder than words. Murrow, on the other
hand, did everything in his power to fight for what was right. He used his broadcast despite the
potential job loss and blacklisting, to bring the downfall of the cowardice that loomed over the
American citizens. He accepted a prestigious award from Radio Television News Directors
Association and Foundation, and in his acceptance speech, pleaded for TV to present responsible
journalism rather than for the sake of mere entertainment. Ultimately, Max Shumaker did not have
the courage nor the sense of media ethics that Ed Murrow had. Shumaker lost everything for a fight
he could barely fight, and the audience could only feel disappointment in him. Ed Murrow's
perseverance was honorable and heroic when faced with such aversion. Murrow was facing

Reflective Essay On Journalism
I chose journalism as my elective for this year because I wanted to continue the journalism career
that I began in middle school since it allowed me to write about topics that grasped my interest and
passion aside from writing required essays in a classroom setting. In addition, I believed that this
course would allow me to improve my writing skills by learning the grammatical, ethical, and
organizational concepts relating to journalism such as the code of ethics, the inverted pyramid, and
the editorial hierarchy. I also hoped for the course to help me with responsibility and time
management since I knew I would have to write articles and have other loads of works from other
classes. Not to mention, journalism has allowed me to be motivated to write a good article not for
the grade, but for the sole purpose to make the article right. In middle school journalism was an
extracurricular activity and this year I was graded on my personal interests, my time management,
and my writing quality rather than on the actual learning of a subject. This course has challenged me
to write outstanding pieces of work based on my time management and motivation as well as
without many guidelines and structure given. It had also made me a lot more confident since it
requires interaction outside of class to acquire sources for articles. Thus, through reporting I able to
establish a rapport with people and build a network. Overall, this course had helped me become a
people person, challenge

China Earthquake
Sichuan Earthquake Analysis
Introduction
The earthquake happened in May 2008 in Sichuan Area of Republic of China, and it had a Ritcher
scale of 7.9. The tragedy resulted in the death of 69,227 people, 374, 176 had fatal, and minor
injuries and more than 18,000 people went missing. The impact of the earthquake was felt so many
miles away, and it left more than 4.8 million individuals homeless. The tragedy is termed as one of
the most lethal in the history of China (Liu, 1). This natural disaster, like other big disasters, was
covered widely by the media all over the world. The news of Sichuan earthquake hit the headlines of
many newspapers globally. The domestic media was not left behind in analyzing the disaster having
24 hours reports on the events surrounding the earthquake. The America reporters made a
comprehensive coverage of the events. This is because the foreign news reporters were permitted to
visit the site of the quake (Seo et al., 17).
Although both the country's reporters made the coverage, they used different media frame to
manipulate the audience's understanding of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The media usually frame the story for the public to understand all these events. Through framing,
they highlight some of the issues to capture the attention of the audience in an individual occurrence
(Liu, 8). The theory describes framing in two ways, the media frame, and the audience frame.
According to Gitlin media frame helps the journalist in recognition, interpretation, and
dissemination of the information. On the other hand, the audience frames are the patterns of
cognition and description of events and idea that news anchors develop in the mind of the
spectators. Frame theory argues that media frames impact the way of thinking in the audience by
emphasizing on some areas of events. They either amplify or shrink the episodes in an

Media And Politics : A Brief Note On Media & Politics
Tawhida Rahman
Media & Politics
Midterm
1) There are several landmark U.S. court cases pertaining to the media and free press which changed
the laws on behalf of journalists and reporters. One of the earliest cases of such cases was Crown v.
John Peter Zenger. In 1734, a news printer named John Peter Zenger of the New York Weekly
Journal was arrested for seditious libel against Governor William Cosby when Zenger's publication
criticized the politician for corruption. The charge of libel in this particular historical time meant
anything written in opposition to the government, but Zenger was acquitted by the jury based on the
fact he did not print false facts, so his actions did not constitute libel. His case, however, did not
establish any drastic ruling on libel but it was a large step towards freedom of the press; it changed
the way the public, colonial courts, and American journalists treated the idea of censuring their print
media. The Zenger case established that writers being able to inform the public about important and
true information concerning their leaders, even if that writing is defamatory, should be a permissible
form of speech. This decision opened up the press as a space for serious political discussions and
criticism of government in a way that would construct the future political movements of America,
including its independence from Great Britain. These events cemented the importance of free press,
which would become the First Amendment of the

The Importance Of Social Media In Journalism
Whether we realize it or not we see journalism almost everyday in our lives. Journalism can be
found in abundance on television, newspapers, magazines, and even on our beloved social media
applications. So what is journalism exactly? The textbook definition defines journalism as " The
collection and editing of news for presentation through the media" (Merriam Webster Dictionary). In
journalism there are many categories that articles may fall in when they are published in media,
some of the most common categories that are seen the most are objective reports, editorial opinion,
and entertainment/sports. When comparing and contrasting the categories that are used, we see that
there are more similarities than differences in such things as the tone, style, and the intendant
purpose of these articles. In the objective reporting style article " Social Media and Fake News In
The 2016 Election", written by American authors Hunt Allcott and Matthew Gentzkow. Alcott and
Gentzkow suggest through a extremely informative tone, that the outcome of the of the 2016
presidential election was significantly influenced by the "influx of fake news" in the media (211). In
Allcott's and Gentzkow's article they both use an informative tone to express that the overall spread
of false information through social media plays a significant role in influencing people's perspective.
Allcott and Gentzkow construct their article by first giving context to this problem by elaborating on
how social

Effects of Technological Advances
From the time printed publications were the dominant medium to the modern era where the internet
has emerged as the dominant medium the field of journalism has experienced colossal growth,
development, and evolvement. The changes caused by the gradual introduction of new and more
efficient mediums consistently affected journalism and the way journalists delivered content to the
public.
Prior to the concept of broadcasting, newspapers were the primary means of communication in
society. Initially newspapers were a means of spreading news, usually on a local or regional level. In
the times of the Civil War newspapers were used to spread news through out connected areas, in that
time being the North and the South. The invention of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
With the ability to access content at any time and filter through content that you want at your own
pace things were again changed dramatically. Journalists and all outlets of the media were forced to
adapt to the changes brought on by the internet. Eventually as internet usage skyrocketed and all
outlets of the media have in some way integrate into the internet. The popularity of the internet
flipped the journalistic world upside down, and today anyone with their own blog can "report" to
people on a wide scale just the same as newspapers, television, and radio. In the modern day world
by linking together with satellite and internet communication, the world has finally been able to
come together as one global community. The capabilities the internet has brought now allows
journalists to reach people from all over the globe, which is a great change from the times of the
Civil War and news being spread and created on a local and regional basis.
In conclusion, it is important to consider that with each advancement in communication beginning
with printed text and then to radio and television and then internet, communication throughout the
world at large has increased dramatically. Throughout these advancements journalism has evolved
and has remained an important part of our society.
Reference Page
James G. Stovall (2005) Journalism
Who, What, When, Where, Why and How
Allyn & Bacon

The Importance Of Journalism And Photography
Many events come and go before many citizens are aware of them. This is where journalism and
photography come to play. Journalism and photography allow for current events in other parts of the
world to be shown to the public for awareness. Some of these events such as the time during the
Arab Spring, where revolutions and protests broke out across the Middle East and North Africa,
allowed for citizens to get an idea of what is going on in that particular part of the country. A world
without journalism cause much of the people to be in the shadow of the unknown. But journalism
creates a chance for political impact. Journalism and photography will bring transparency and
awareness to the public eye leading to protests and a need for change, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(Spayd)" The work of journalism and photography keeps an important role of collecting information
and sharing it with others. The shared knowledge that photographers and journalists provide allows
for the public to assemble and have a voice.
The public whom are now informed through journalism and photography are often puzzled about
the stories or photos, which causes protest events to develop. In the film "Bahrain: Shouting in the
Dark" through the media we can see the repressed citizens of Bahrain wanting a change in their
government. The citizens of Bahrain assembled together protesting for a new democratic
government. With journalism reports from Al Jazeera, the world was now hearing their story.
Countries around the world heard the cries of the Bahrain citizens wanting for a change. But with
the protest, the Bahrain's government was quick to suppress the pro–democratic activists. An NPR
article "Bahrain: The Revolution That Wasn't" Kelly McEver discussed, "Bahrain's uprising was
suppressed in a harsh crackdown. Thousands of people were rounded up, detained, and sometimes
tortured...Several people died while in custody. (McEver)" Protests may lead to better outcomes, but
in this instance the outcome lead to death of many Bahrain's citizens.
With the effects of journalism causing protest events to occur, there is always pressure on
government officials to listen to the public. The Schuster Institute for Investigative

Neil Postman's How To Watch TV News
The human interest story has been a journalistic staple since the popularization of newspapers, even
before broadcast television, sensationalism was a prime means of attracting readership and attention.
The 1950's revolutionized the dispersion of information to the public, as well as altering many of the
strategies used to create and present news, including sensationalist and human interest stories.
Today, there are channels devoted entirely to the continual update of news, and the saturation of
news shows such as C–SPAN, CNN, MSNBC, and Fox News has forced companies to become
clever with the dissemination of information to keep the watcher coming back. It seems despite
technological advances in audio and visual equipment, and the ability ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The docudramas claimed to depict an untold personal side of famous events, but these were heavily
criticised for creating fake situations or insinuating untrue accusations to incite gossip. Human
interest shows blatantly followed interesting individuals and their situations similarly to how TMZ
might follow a celebrity today. As far as presentation, the written format of sensationalism was
simply translated into television, with little attempt to camouflage it. However, in the early 2000's,
media dropped those styles for a more subtle approach, inserting human interest strategies into main
story lines, presenting them as factual and conscientious, (Slattery & Hakanen, 1994) or by
manipulating the evidence by partnering with biased authorities to only present a certain angle of the
story. (Hoynes & Croteau,

The Changing Role of the Us News Media Essay
The Changing Role of the U.S. News Media
The internet is our modern source for news media; the importance of the newspaper has not only
declined, it is in a sense, obsolete. We now turn to the internet for opinions, news, and
entertainment. Even though the way in which we consume information (PBS) has changed, the
importance of an unrestricted and watchful media has not changed. (Magleby, Light, & Nemacheck,
2010)
The Framers of our constitution were well aware of the importance of the press as a judge to discuss
the implications and review the actions of politicians and the government. Although the Bill of
Rights guaranteed the freedom of the press, in the beginning adequate funding was only provided by
wealthy politicians. The press was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While the intention of producing "Yellow Journalism" was to sell more papers through
sensationalized headlines (PBS); In "Objective Journalism"; wire services, Associated Press, and
Reuters, sought to provide readers with unbiased news in order to attract more customers.
Journalism was introduced as a profession; Journalists formed professional associations and codes
of ethics, one example is the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ).
The impact of broadcasting was tremendous, instant coverage became a norm, people could follow
faraway events without traveling, and politicians could finally deliver their message to listeners
without interference. The nationalization of radio and television provided a more personalized view
of the news, where everyday people could grow attached to newscasters. News coverage greatly
expanded in the increments by which it was available to be watched. In the beginning the two
largest networks CBS and NBC had their evening news programs run from 15 to 30 minutes; today,
many local news stations run 90 minutes in the morning and half–hour in the morning and at noon.
Eventually round–the–clock news coverage was introduced by Cable television. C–SPAN began to
provide uninterrupted coverage of congressional deliberations and presidential nominating
conventions. The older a person is, the more time they spend

The Media And Its Influence On Politics
In a reasonable world we expect that all sources of media will gather different acts and situations
and broadcast it fairly, and responsively. Each individual relies on the media in order to receive
information daily. The question raised in this essay is "Has the media shown news accurately, fairly
or even completely?" And "How has it brought down the economy". Throughout this essay I will
look into the media and its influences that it has on politics, Its Government and the economy that
surrounds itself within it. The history of Canada's economics begins with the farming, hunting and
even the ability to trade amongst the First Nations. With the arrival of the Europeans in the 16th
century the Canadian economy has undergone a series of shifts. Such as the transcontinental fur
trade, the advancement in fishery, rapid urbanization and various technological change. Though
many industries have come and gone, Canada's dependences on natural resources from timber to fur
has made it known to its exporters that without their help the ability to produce the many luxuries
that are available wont be possible. So what does this have to do with the media? The media has
always had a strong hold on community and social life. It allows information from each part of the
world to travel within seconds, and it supports advancement in product recognition. From different
types of food, to the consistent upgrades of technology, media promotes a sense of selfishness and
pride on his hold on

The Image Of Media
Many aspects of an image are considered by news agencies to decide if the image is suitable for a
publication. The decision–making process of publishing images of graphic content varies by
publication, and not all publication take the same position. For the Associated Press it was ethical to
publish photographer Julie Jacobson's image of Marine Lance Cpl. Joshua M. Bernard in the
Afghanistan war. In 2009 a group of Marines were ambushed by Taliban figures in the Helmand
province of Afghanistan. The AP photographer Jacobsen was in patrol with the soldiers and captured
the image of 21–year–old Lance Cpl. Joshua Bernard. As he lay there wounded surrounded by his
troops she took images of his suffering moment shortly after he was struck by a ... Show more
We do not alter or manipulate the content of a photograph in any way." The obligation of journalists
to tell the truth in times of war is arguably profound. Journalists have the obligation to tell the truth
during war. War is a function of government but it is the media's responsibility during times of war
to cover it objectively, thoroughly and hold the government accountable. The media focuses on the
most thorough form of honest coverage through images. The code of National Press Photographers
Association provides that visual journalists operate as trustees of the public. "Our primary roles is to
report visually on the significant event and varied viewpoint on our common world. Our primary
goal is the faithful and comprehensive depiction of the subject and hand. As visual journalists, we
have the responsibility to document society and to preserve its history through images. Although,
capturing an image alone will not capture the fullness of the war. "Wars fought by the United States
are 'significant events,' as are deaths during those wars." "Photographs of death during wars
'document' and 'preserve' the history of those wars. The American

The Problem Of Crisis Communication Management
Crisis Communication Management
The communication given when there is a crisis can make or break an organization and there
spokesperson career, and result in a loss of trust for the organization.
I think that information that any type of information that pertains to "allocation of blame;
speculation as to the cause of the incident; anything off the record; money estimates of damage; and
insurance coverage" ("Crisis Communication Management", n.d.), should always be controlled,
because until they have assets all the information possible, they should do all they can to protect the
information given to the community. Another reason to control communication and information is if
it will cause a community or nationwide panic, which can be ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The media is always the one who will ask whom, when, where, and why questions. And the crisis
team will be the ones that will answer those questions. They will be prepared for the crisis before the
crisis happens so that during a crisis/emergency they can swiftly go into action, and will always be
able to access the highest levels of the administration.
How control over crisis information gives power to a person
We all know that when a crisis happens that an organization reputation is always online, so
maintaining control over information as much as possible until it can be verified is very important.
Thereby, internal communication is very critical to maintain and establish trust and it especially
important in emergencies/crisis where the stakeholders might be vulnerable to reputation fallout.
Because when they lack Intel or just do not understanding what the nature or the extent of the crisis
it can create intense fear or illogical behavior towards the organization.
Therefore, "taking strong communication measures to strengthen the stakeholders, worker, or public
morale" (Chong, 2006), by using the Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT). Why?
Because it will allow us to assess the crisis situation so that we can instructs them what they should
do to protect themselves from the

Research Paper On Manorama News
Manorama News is a successful 24 hours Malayalam news channel which was launched by
Malayala Manorama news group. The channel is also known as 'MM TV' and is based in Kochi
district of Kerala. Its headquarters are in Kottayam district of Kerala. Manorama News channel was
launched on August 17th, 2006. The unique feature of Manorama News is that it is the first TV
channel in India which launched separate regional news broadcast that airs at the same time (a thirty
minute telecast of regional news called Nattuvartha) to three different areas(South, Central and
North) in Kerala. There is a separate telecast for Middle East region also. Manorama News also
owns an Internet edition which airs updated news and videos. The news director ... Show more
All of them are publications enjoying freedom of expression. Malayala Manorama, Mathrubhumi,
Deshabhimani, Kerala Kaumudi, Mangalam, Deepika, Madhyamam, Chandrika, Janayugam,
Janmabhumi....etc., are the important newspapers published from Kerala. There are above hundred
newspapers published from this small state. Indian Express, Hindu and Pioneer are the main English
papers having editions in Kerala. Besides daily papers, so many weeklies, bi–monthlies, Women's
magazines, Children's Magazines Cartoon magazines etc., are also published from the state. The
readership of the state is above that of any developed country. Newspapers have different editions in
each district. Some papers have editions abroad because they serve foreign countries with
considerable Malayalee population.
Almost all Malayalam Newspapers give great importance to politics. The first press commission of
1954 pointed out this fact. The same state continues unabated. The statements of politicians and
superficial political discussions take a major portion of the space in newspaper. Scientific,
technological and major political analysis is often ignored. Though the pages increase, the matter
and content of news and articles does not increase (John

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