Advantages Of Islamic Banking

Advantages Of Islamic Banking
1.0Overview
Islamic banking refers to a system of banking that complies with Islamic law, also known as Shariah law. The underlying principles that govern
Islamic banking are mutual risk and profit sharing between the provider of capital (investor) and the user of funds (entrepreneur). In other words, it
ensures an equal contribution for all parties involved, whether in profitability or in case of any loss occurred. Activities that involve interest (riba),
gambling (maisir) and speculative trading (gharar) are prohibited (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2010). Islamic banking is interest free banking; making it
compulsory to take active part in business profit and loss sharing. Islamic banks prefer to take less risk (Shaikh & Jalbani, 2009)
Global Islamic banking continues to be an exciting growth story characterized by robust macro outlook of core Islamic ... Show more content on
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In this system, conventional banks make profit through the different rates of interest by borrowing and lending of money. However, one of the
drawbacks of conventional banking is that it is prohibited from trading in the shareholding of the borrowing concern. (Shahid H. , et al., 2010). The
performance of all the banks in the country may not necessarily be on the positive side especially since the recent financial crisis of 2007. Banks have
managed to pull through but not without some being injured in terms of stock prices or profits. In 2002, the Malaysian government started the
implementation of the banking sector reformation in respond to the 1997 financial crisis. Under the reform plan, Malaysian government guided the
merger activities in the banking sector through the central bank. Prior to that date, the banking sector was made up of 54 domestic deposit taking
institutions which became ten large–capitalized banks by the end of 2002. (Ahmad, Ariff, & Skully,
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A Bank As Defined By Bafia ( Banking And Financial...
1.1 Introduction
A bank as defined by BAFIA (Banking and Financial Institutional Act) is a person which carries on banking business. A bank is a financial intermediary
that accepts deposits and channels those deposits into lending activities, either directly or through capital markets. Bank act as payment agents by
conducting checking or current accounts for customers, paying cheques drawn by customers on the bank, and collecting cheques deposited to
customer's current accounts. In other word, bank is a financial institution which collects money as deposits from customers and uses the same to grant
loans to other customers. It acts as a bridge between people who have surplus cash and pass it on to people who are in need of it. It pays an interest to
deposit customers and receives an interest from loan customers and makes a profit through a difference in both.
Malaysian banking system can be classified into three main types, there are commercial banks which consist of domestic and foreign, finance
companies and the merchant banks. The main players in the banking system are commercial banks since they are the largest and most significant
funds providers in the banking system. Besides, commercial banks in Malaysia not only enjoy the widest scope of permissible activities but also able
to engage in a full range of banking services.
In Malaysia, as at the end of November 2013, there are total of 27 commercial banks in Malaysia where 8 domestic banks and 19 foreign banks which

Executive Summary Of Maybank
Executive Summary
Maybank was established in 1960, and today is the largest company by market capitalisation on the Malaysian Bourse (Bursa Malaysia). It is ranked
first among listed Malaysian companies and among the top 500 companies in the Forbes Global 2000 leading companies of the world.
The Maybank Group offers a comprehensive range of products and services that includes commercial banking, investment banking, Islamic banking,
offshore banking, leasing and hire purchase, insurance, factoring, trustee services, asset management, stock broking, nominee services, venture capital
and Internet banking.
Maybank's mission is to humanise financial services across Asia, by providing access to financial services to the people at fair terms and pricing, and to
be always at the heart of the community. Introduction
Introduction
Malaysia Banking Berhad (MAYBANK), is a public company which is traded as MYX:1155... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The competitors of Maybank are Public Bank Berhad, CIMB Bhd, RHB Bank Bhd, AMMB Holdings Bhd, Hong Leong Bank Bhd, HSBC Bank
Malaysia Bhd. Now, Maybank is the biggest group in Malaysia.
Community
Maybank has to keep in mind the effect on their clients because they are among the biggest group of banking, so they can improve their group to be
better than others. Maybank plan something better for all their clients and just for client's satisfaction. The community will interested to be the clients
of Maybank. Conclusion
Based on our research, we can conclude that Maybank is the largest bank and financial group in Malaysia. It is ranked first among listed Malaysian
companies and among the top 500 companies in the Forbes Global 2000 leading companies of the world. We also can know that Maybank know how
to organize their group using the four function of management. It's also can know that Maybank employees' struggle to give the best service for their

Islamic Banking And Conventional Banking
Content
Part One
1.Introduction
2.Study areas
3.Methods of the study
4.Data collection methods
5.Important of the study
6.Key estimated learning from the study
Part two
7.What is Islamic Banking
8.What are the transaction process of Islamic banking
9.The key sources of law and values of Islamic Banking
10.The differences between Islamic Banking and conventional Banking
Part three
11.A comparative analysis
12.Conclusion
Basic differencess:
Results indicate that conventional banks perform better in profitability, while Islamic banks perform better in liquidity and credit risk. In t–test of the
return on asset (ROA) and total equity to net loans, there are no major difference between Islamic banks and non–Islamic banks. In the return on equity
and common equity to total assets, there are statistically significant differences in these two groups. The statistically significant difference was shown
in the area of liquidity which means that the Islamic banks liquidity performance has major difference with the non–Islamic banks.
In general, Islamic banking system is based on SharД«'ah principle, while non–Islamic banking system is based on interest rate. SharД«'ah is a set of
norms, values and laws that go to make up the Islamic way of life. Characteristics of SharД«'ah –compliant banking and financial system are free from
riba. Riba is prohibited in Islamic banking system, because Islamic banking system is based on the sharing of risk and profit. Interest is

Ekonomi Islam Sebagai Model Alternatif Pembangunan Ekonomi...
EKONOMI ISLAM SEBAGAI MODEL ALTERNATIF PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA (Penerapan Bank Syariah) By : Aa' GreenDy
BAB I. PENDAHULUAN I.1. Latar Belakang Fenomena perekonomian dunia telah berubah dari waktu ke waktu sesuai dengan perkembangan jaman
dan perubahan teknologi informasi yang berkembang pesat. Banyak nilai–nilai baru yang dibentuk namun sulit untuk menentukan mana yang benar
dan mana salah, sehingga terkadang membawa kebaikan namun adakalanya menyesatkan. Globalisasi ekonomi yang diwarnai dengan bebasnya arus
barang modal dan jasa, serta perdagangan antar negara, telah mengubah suasana kehidupan menjadi individualistis dan persaingan yang amat ketat.
Dalam tataran perekonomian dunia, telah terjadi pula kesenjangan... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Perkembangan Bank Syariah Sejak awal kelahirannya bank syariah dilandasi dengan kehadiran dua gerakan renaissance Islam Modern: neorevivalis
dan modernis, tujuan utama dari pendirian lembaga keuangan berlandaskan etika ini, tiada lain sebagai upaya kaum muslimin untuk mendasari
segenap aspek kehidupan ekonominya berlandaskan Al–Qur'an dan As–Sunnah. Upaya awal penerapan sistem profit dan loss sharing tercatat di
Pakistan dan Malaysia sekitar tahun 1940–an, yaitu adanya upaya mengelola dana jamaah haji secara non–konvensional. Rintisan institusional lainnya
adalah Islamic Rural Bank di desa Mit Ghamr pada tahun 1963 di Kairo, Mesir. Berdirinya Islamic Development Bank (IDB) pada tahun 1975 di
Jeddah telah memotivasi banyak negara Islam untuk mendirikan lembaga keuangan syariah. Pada awal periode 1980–an bank–bank syariah
bermunculan di Mesir, Sudan, Pakistan, Iran, Malaysia, Bangladesh, serta Turki. Secara garis besar lembaga tersebut dapat dibagi dua kategori: bank
Islam komersial, dan lembaga investasi dalam bentuk international holding companies. Perkembangan bank syariah dipelopori oleh Pakistan, pada
tahun 1979 sistem bunga dihapuskan dari operasional tiga institusi: National Investment, House Building Finance Co, dan Mutual Funds of the
Investment Corporation of Pakistan. Pada tahun 1985 seluruh sistem perbankan Pakistan dikonversi dengan sistem yang baru, yaitu sistem perbankan
syariah. Sedangkan di Mesir bank syariah pertama yang didirikan adalah Faisal

Advantages Of Takaful
Takaful business was established based on Takaful Act 1984 as a guideline and reference for the operation of takaful to companies. According to the
Act, there are two groups of takaful business which are family solidarity business and general business. Family solidarity business concerns with
solidarity certificates that include any type of takaful business carried on as incidental only to the operator's other solidarity business while general
business is all takaful business which is not family solidarity business (Malaysia, Takaful Act 1984). Basically, the general takaful is same like
conventional insurance which focus on coverage against material loss and damage such as natural disasters while family takaful is more on life
insurance that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Obstacles to achieve higher market penetration of takaful are because of lack of players, market awareness, lack of products, low capitalisation of
takaful companies, poor culture of consumer education and inconsistent messages from some Shariah advisories (Parker, 2006). Competitive
advantages of takaful are on the unique offerings and follow the Shariah compliance that should be utilised by the Malaysian takaful operators.
Research methodology used for this paper is on literature review on a few articles in the scope of takaful. The main focus on these articles is on the
marketing strategies that can be used to promote the takaful insurance by understanding the costumers' behaviours to create awareness. These analyses
are emphasised more on the family takaful insurance in the takaful industry.
Due to lack of awareness of Malaysians on takaful insurance and its products offerings and also low of market penetration, the best method is by
analysing the purchase intention and also participations behaviours of potential customers. Empirical researches have been conducted to investigate the
behaviours of these customers and further give recommendations to takaful operators and takaful marketers to conduct appropriate marketing plan to
these potential customers (Rahman,

A Brief Note On The Bank For International Settlements
1.1.1Definition of Payment Systems
Under the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) a payment system is defined as consists of instruments, banking procedures, and typically
interbank funds transfer systems that ensure and facilitate the circulation of money. In essence, it facilitates corporations, businesses and consumers to
transfer funds to one another. (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2014)
1.1.2Types of payments Figure 1.1.2 Types ofPayment Systems
Source: – Bank Negara, 2014
Large Value Payment System
A systemically important payment system is also known as large value payment system (LVPS) which typically processes high–value and time–critical
payments. Example of large value payment system in Malaysia is Real Time Electronics ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Types of retail payment systems
i.Cheque Truncation and Conversion System (CTCS)
BNM had executed the Cheque Truncation and Conversion System (CTCS) in the Klang Valley and neighbouring states to replace the past Sistem
Penjelasan Imej Cek Kebangsaan (SPICK) cheque clearing system. The purposes of CTCS are to execute a paperless cheque clearing process, attain a
typical day hold throughout the nation and build the proficiency of the clearing and settlement process. (Bank Negara, 2014)
Under the cheque truncation, the clearing of cheques are focused around the image and Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) Code line
information of the cheque and not the physical cheque. In place of the physical cheque, the image and information of the cheque, such as the MICR
fields, date of presentation, presenting bank, etc., would be transmitted electronically all through the clearing process. Therefore, the need to move the
physical cheque from the collecting bank to the clearing house and the paying bank will not be important. This would effectively successfully diminish
the time needed for clearing of cheques. (Bank Negara, 2014) ii. Shared ATM Network
MEPS Shared ATM Network
Malaysian Electronic Payment System Sdn Bhd (MEPS) is a significant retail payment system service supplier in Malaysia, who operates Shared ATM
Network, Interbank GIRO (IBG), Financial Process Exchange (FPX) and

Moral Studies
MORAL EDUCATION
Table of Content
1. What is moral value? 1.1 Introduction.............................................................2 1.2 What is value .............................................................2 1.3 Types of
Value.............................................................3 1.4 Aspect of Value.............................................................3 1.5 Value Functions
.............................................................4
2. Subject Case
2.1 Subject Reference.............................................................5
Moral Principle Studies
2.3 Studies 1.............................................................6
2.4 Studies 2.............................................................7
2.5 Studies 3.............................................................8
2.6 Studies 4.............................................................9
3. Strategies and Prevention
3.1 Strategies 1...............................................................10
3.2 Strategies 2...............................................................10
3.3 Strategies 3...............................................................11
3.4 Strategies 4...............................................................11
4. Summary
4.1 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Wrongdoing against the practice of moral value is still considered inaccurate albeit any reasons. It is still not acceptable in the teachings of morality.
The only way to triumph moral values is with own practice of good and healthy attitude and doings.

– Life Intrinsically The value of an item is dependent on the individual, for example the value of being rich. Most people value life and its
achievements from the perspective of wealth and richness, but do not recognize trust, honesty, and contentment as forward–looking attributes that help
in overall satisfaction. However, if we view wealth from the point of human personality, moral values and quality of life, then person who is rich does
not necessarily mean he or she has great amounts of money.
Value functions as in different explanation;
– Consistent Standard in People's Actions Moral requirements should be based on standard of rationality. People have a tendency to believe that, they
are who they think they are. If they believe wrongdoings is against the teachings of morality and will, they will not cross their boundaries. They
assumed wise people do the accurate decision while at the same time they do not belong to the opposite.
– Guide in Solving Moral Conflicts
When solving conflicts, we will analyze the situation and condition. Note the main reason of conflict and find a solution. This will often include all
consideration such as commitment, responsibility, outcome, sequences etc. In many

Notes On Data And Methodology Essay
CHAPTER THREE
DATA AND METHODOLOGY
3.1Introduction
This chapter provides the details of data and methodology that are being used in this study. The data section clearly elaborate on the process of
collecting the data that needs to be obtained in order to perform the tests while the methodology section elaborates on the types of methods or tests that
will be performed.
The data used in this study are bank level data, compiled from income statements and balanced sheet of three foreign bank i.e. United Overseas Bank
(UOB), Oversea–Chinese Banking Corporation (OCBC) and HSBC Bank and seven domestic bank i.e. Maybank, CIMB, Public Bank Berhad, RHB
Bank, Hong Leong Bank, AMMB Holdings and Bank Rakyat during the period 2006 to 2015. The data are gathered from various and also from Bursa
Malaysia Berhad and Bank Negara Malaysia.
Data Collection (Secondary data) Annual report from 2006–2015 Library Bank Negara Malaysia Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad (BMSB) Internet
(www.bursamalaysia.com.my) Financial statement reports
Financial management theories provide various indexes for measuring a percentage of foreign bank impact towards domestic banking. One of them is
financial ratio. The uses of financial ratios are quite common in literature. Bank regulators, for example, use financial ratios help to evaluate a
domestic bank performance. In order to see how percentage of foreign bank effect the domestic bank in Malaysia over 10 years, this study uses nine
financial ratios to

Literature Review On Employee Motivation And Motisfaction
Chapter 2 : Literature Review
2.0 Introduction
This chapter presents a review of literature based on other research done by several authors. The literature review provides the background to the
variables about employee motivation and job satisfaction. The motivation factors are pay and promotion, reward, work environment and employee
participation. Although the topic has become more popular part of the business and financial studies in recent years, but the concepts of the employee
motivation being an important factor that influence job satisfaction. Therefore it is necessary that a clear explanation is made to determine to what
extent each could have influence in this issue.
Additional, this chapter also going to contention among previous research whether employee's motivation is affecting the employee's job satisfaction.
In this competitive job market , most of the organisation use different selection factor to measure employees job satisfaction.
2.1 Overview of Financial industry in Malaysia
Malaysian financial system has started since before its independence in 1957, however, in those times, foreign banks were the only financial institution
operating in the country. In contrast, domestic banks1 waited until 1959 to start with the implementation of the Central Bank of Malaysia (Matthews and
Ismail 2006).
Malaysia's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(1999). Extrinsic motivation refers to doing something because it lead outcome. Ryan, (2000) stated the same thing which explain extrinsic motivation
is a concept that concerns when an activity is done in order to accomplish some divisible results. External motivation can be measured in monetary
terms, such as salary and benefits. Gyamfi, G. (2014) stated intrinsic motivation is a general type of motivation obtained from the conditions that move
employees to perform because of intrinsic satisfaction resulting instead of external rewards,

Factors Influence Malaysia Economics
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) IN MALAYSIA
Foreign direct investment (FDI) in its classic form is defined as a company from one country making a physical investment into building a factory in
another country. It is the establishment of an enterprise by a foreigner. More specifically, foreign direct investment is a cross
–border corporate
governance mechanism through which a company obtains productive assets in another country .Its definition can be extended to include investments
made to acquire lasting interest in enterprises operating outside of the economy of the investor. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Malaysia is set up
following the holding of at least 10% of the total equity in a resident company by a non–resident ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Any actions by individuals who try to incite racial tensions are dealt with strongly. Strong conflict is largely avoided although political power,
largely being held by the Malays who with other indigenous Malaysians call themselves Bumiputera, or Sons of the Soil is used to increase their
status in the Malaysian economy and other areas. Malaysia travel is safe and tourists will not feel in anyway threatened. Malaysians are generally
friendly, and when asked for directions, will obligingly point you to your destination. There is a fairly large expatriate community working and living
in Malaysia, especially centered in Penang, Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. It should be noted however that in April 2000, terrorist group Abu Sayyaff
of the Southern Philippines kidnapped 20 hostages from the island of Sipadan, off the East coast of Sabah, including a number of tourist. The
hostages were eventually released after nearly five months. Since then, security has increased on this island and the surrounding waters. While
terrorism has reared its ugly head once in Sipadan, Malaysia has been able to contain terrorism due to its diligence and swift action against any
individuals or groups involved. Airport security has increased and a few more policemen posted on certain embassies, other than that, the rest of
Malaysia maintain its peaceful lifestyle.
ECONOMIC

Islamic Industry Continues to Grow
The Islamic finance industry continues to grow following continued internationalisation efforts. Last year's growth was an impressive 16.5%,
accounting for 25.7% of total assets in the banking system. The foreign currency business also grew with assets amounting to RM 18.1 billion in 2013.
Meanwhile in the takaful sector, total assets of takaful funds grew by 10% to RM20.9 billion, while total takaful contributions accounted for 14% of
total premiums in the industry. To increase the potential return to contributors, takaful operators were allowed to invest abroad any amount of
investment–linked funds of resident clients. This is an increase from the previous limit of 50% of net asset value.
Bank Negara Malaysia gave the `Emas' status to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To comply with liquidity requirements, the sukuk has been accorded regulatory recognitionas a liquid asset and a low–risk credit under the capital
adequacy framework applicable to banking institutions.
To increase the investor base of foreign sukuk, the government issued an inaugural GII of RM 4 billion in July 2013 based on the murabahah
concept. This was intended to replace the bai'inah concept which was used earlier. Under the new concept, the contract is a certificate of debt for a
deferred sale transaction of an asset based on Shari'ah principles. It is hoped this concept will attract more domestic and international investors and
increase the value of Malaysia's sukuk market. Fortunately it did when the issuance was over subscripted by nearly three times.
On 1 August 2013, the Prime Minister unveiled the Malaysia International Islamic Financial Centre's new brand ` Malaysia: World's Islamic Finance
Marketplace'. It promotes the rapidly expanding connectivity of Malaysia's Islamic financial institutions with the global banking community. A robust
financial infrastructure will enable better cross–border multi–currency transactions. In conjunction with the launch, the enhanced MIFC portal was also
rolled out. Major enhancements include Islamic finance news feeds, live market data, thematic analyses and

Malaysia Economic Analysis
Malasyia
Country Report
3/7/2013
By: Zara Khurram
Economic Analysis of Malaysia
Malaysia is a multi–cultural Southeast Asian country with a federal constitutional monarchy. Malaysia originated from the Malay Kingdoms which
were subject to the British Empire for a long time. Malaysia gained independence in August 1957. Today, Due to Malaysia's natural resources, it has
an average GDP growth rate of 6.5% for around 50 years.
Malaysia has a very attractive GDP growth, due to its various strengths in its economy, healthcare, abundance of natural resources and literacy.
Malaysian economic strength is due to various factors including strong trading partners, controlled inflation, and positive balance of trade. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, there is no value added tax and the corporate tax rate is 25%. This indicate that tax burden in individuals is very low. However, the large
government spending is recent years have led to a budget deficit and a public debt which is 53% of GDP. Malaysian Government has to improve its
budget planning otherwise it will be in deep trouble in the future.
Additionally, although the literacy rate is high, the innovation is missing from the society. According to Charles Santiago, Malaysia needs to improve
innovation, otherwise the economy would be paralyzed. Malaysia also needs to promote the export of value added products rather than primary
products. Therefore, Malaysians should focus on changing the curriculum in educational institutions in order to encourage creativity and boost
technological innovation.
Malaysia has a tremendous potential to grow due to its resources and the attractive and stable financial environment. However, it also has a lot of
challenges to overcome before it is able to become a stable economically strong country. The government needs to control the corruption in the country
by encouraging transparency; it needs to manage its spending, revise the education system of the country, and put more efforts into social welfare to
reduce inequality and nepotism. Only after these efforts could Malaysia move towards prosperity.
Citations
Malaysia Highlights Its Strength in

Improving the Records Management
Improving the Records Management
Implementation of Electronic Records Management Records management can be improved in many ways. In my opinion, one of the ways is to
implement the electronic records management. The government should consider formulating policies, standards and practices, technical specifications
and training plans to enable its agencies including Mahkamah Negeri Sembilan to manage records in electronic form. According to Arkib Negara
Malaysia, The management of electronic records is not a problem that needs to be solved. Its effective implementation in support of program/ service
delivery, decision–making, etc., should be viewed from the perspective of the extent to which it can lead to cost savings, cost avoidance, risk reduction
and opportunity gain. This means that electronic records could give a lot of benefits to the government agencies. As stated by Arkib Negara Malaysia,
electronic records management could help the government agencies to reduce its costs. The traditional records management practiced by Mahkamah
Negeri Sembilan for example requires the government to actually spend more money. This is because, if we're looking this issue from a strategic view
then it is undeniable that the implementation of electronic records management could save costs. The existing system practiced by the government
requires them to maintain all the equipments and also hire personnel to supervise the files room. Furthermore, it contributes to the increased usage

Interest Rate Targeting Monetary Policy
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This paper attempts to discuss and examine the importance and impact of monetary policy which is being conducted by a central bank in the country.
The analysis covers the target of monetary policy in Malaysia. It also compares two monetary policy (interbank interest rate) which was conducted by
central bank of Malaysia and fed funds rate which was practiced by Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
It concentrates further some factors that may have relation to changing in monetary policy. Base lending rate, BNM treasury bills and ringgit value
against dolar are also highlighted in the discussions. This paper was done with help of our lecture by guiding and assisting how to get the genuine
data. Besides, review of past study ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
пѓ To compare the fed funds rate of U.S and with the overnight rate (interbank interest rate) of Malaysia in twenty years time.
пѓ To predict the changes of fed fund rate in U.S and overnight policy rate in Malaysia.
пѓ To check how far is the profit margin between base lending rate and interbank interest rate.
Literature review
Generally, monetary policy is defined as the process in which the central bank controls the money supply to have a control over interest rate which will
lead to growth in economy and stability in the county.
Since the economy in Malaysia was not so well early in 2009, the bank Negara Malaysia had reduced the OPR as a policy to improve the economic
activities in Malaysia. Fortunately, the policy has really worked out resulting in significant improvement in domestic economy and is now on a
recovery stage. At this stage, the bank Negara Malaysia aims at normalizing monetary conditions and preventing the risk of financial imbalances that
could undermine the economic recovery process.
According to Bank Negara Monetary Policy Statement, "At the Monetary Policy Committee meeting last week, Bank Negara Malaysia decided to
raise the Overnight Policy Rate to 2.25 percent. The floor and ceiling rates of the corridor for the OPR are correspondingly raised to 2% and 2.50 %
respectively"
In the case of U.S, the federal bank of New York also

Financial Institutions and Developing Countries
Introduction
Financial institutions are the most important institution in the development and financing the countries regardless of the developing countries, the
countries has developed or is still underdeveloped. A large role in the country cause financial institutions must be sensitive and transparent in
governance. However, not all financial institutions are banks. Financial institutions are included bank, finance companies, merchant bank, credit and
leasing companies, national savings banks, co–operative bank, discount houses, factoring companies and so on. In addition, financial institutions can be
classified into two which are depository and non–depository institutions. The common function among all these institutions is they were assigned to
mobilize the fund from those who had fund to those who short of fund. So, we know that they were also known as financial intermediaries.
Development and establishment of the bank Bumiputra actually closely related to the economy as well as propel the country towards a balanced
development. Malaysia is a rapidly developing country in 1991 until just before the Asian financial crisis. Besides that, the economy is also at par
with the developed economies in East Asia such as Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Hong Kong. A high growth level in excess of 9.0% was
accompanied by an increase in the per capita income of the population in 1970 from RM993 to RM4357 in 1990. In additional, inflation rate also
decreases so does the level of

Differences Between AITAB And Conventional Hire Purchase
3.Differences Between AITAB and Conventional Hire Purchase
The conventional hire purchase law was made long before the AITAB concept originated. The conventional hire purchase contract has been practiced
for the last two centuries in Europe and other countries. But the AITAB concept is of recent origin, just few decades ago. There is not much difference
between the AITAB and and the conventional hire purchase contract which is found in the Hire Purchase Act 1967 (Malaysia) (HPA 1967), as stated
earlier.
There are major similarities between the conventional hire purchase and AITAB with only some small differences. There are as follows:
i.AITAB contract is based on shariah principle and it includes many provision from the HPA 1967. Whereas, in conventional hire purchase is based on
the Hire Purchase Act 1967. ii. Under the AITAB, during the ijarah (lease) contract the rensponsibilities for bearing maintainance costs (for example
repair cost) rests with the lessor, unless, the agreement provides otherwise. Whereas, in conventional hire purchase the market practice states that the
lessee is to bear the maintainance costs. iii. The asset to be leased under the AITAB contrat must be deemed halal under the shahriah. It must not
involve haram (prohibited) elements, such as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is a differences between the conventional and the Islamic Hire Purchase Law (IHPL) on transfer of ownership in the hire purchase asset. It is
to be noted that the conventional and the AITAB have similar meaning and implication on the hire purchase law in shariah. Some Muslim scholars
raise the issue on how transfer of the ijarah property should be completed. Whether the transfer would be automatic under the hire purchase contract or
a separate sale contract should be prepared and signed by the parties. In this regard, some Muslim scholars mention that the transfer of ownership in
the ijarah goods (by way of sale) must be evidence in a separate contract as has been mentioned

Consumer Behaviour Towards the Islamic Banking вЂ“ вЂњCustomer...
1.0INTRODUCTION
In this current era, businesses play the most important role in developing a country's reputation. It is because a nation's wealth is determined by
concerning on certain aspects as one of it is the economical factor. As far as we know, businesses are the main sectors of a nation where it decides the
economical status of a nation.
Apart from that, banking operations are also one of the factors which contribute to the economical growth of a country. The main core business of the
banking corporation is being a financial institution and a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and channels those deposits into lending activities,
either directly or through capital markets. Moreover, a bank also connects the customers ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Syariah prohibits the fixed or floating payment or acceptance of specific interest or fees (known as Riba or usury) for loans of money. The word
"Riba" means excess, increase or addition, which according to Syariah terminology, implies any excess compensation without due consideration
(consideration does not include time value of money). However, these principles may have been applied to historical Islamic economies and in the
late 20th century that a number of Islamic banks were formed to apply these principles to private or semi–private commercial institutions within the
Muslim community.
In early Islamic banking, a number of economic concepts and techniques were applied, including bills of exchange, partnership (mufawada) such as
limited partnerships (mudaraba), and forms of capital (al–mal), capital accumulation (nama al–mal), cheques, promissory notes, trusts, transactional
accounts, loaning, ledgers and assignments. Organizational enterprises independent from the state also existed in the medieval Islamic world, while the
agency institution was also introduced during that time. Many of these early capitalist concepts were adopted and further advanced in medieval Europe
from the 13th century onwards.
Besides that, Islamic Banking is growing at a rate of 10–15% per year in this modern era with the signs of consistent future growth. Islamic banks have
more than 300 institutions spread over 51 countries, including the United States

Introduction of Malaysia Bond Market
INTRODUCTION
1.1 WHAT IS BOND?
In finance, a bond is an instrument of indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders. It is a debt security, under which the issuer owes the holders a
debt and, depending on the terms of the bond, is obliged to pay them interest (the coupon) and/or to repay the principal at a later date, termed the
maturity. Interest is usually payable at fixed intervals (semi–annual, annual, and sometimes monthly). Very often thebond is negotiable, i.e. the
ownership of the instrument can be transferred in the secondary market.
Thus a bond is a form of loan or IOU: the holder of the bond is the lender (creditor), the issuer of the bond is the borrower (debtor), and the coupon is
the interest. Bonds provide the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
More importantly, Malaysia, among the key Islamic financial centres, offers a wide variety of Islamic bonds that are based on Shariah compliant
concept. As at end–Dec 2010, Islamic bonds accounted for 39% of total bond outstanding.
1.3 BOND MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA * With the shift in public policy in the 1980s to consolidate public sector activities and
promote the private sector as the engine of growth, a new financing pattern emerged. With this transformation of the economy, the decline of public
sector borrowing was compensated by an increase in financing by the private sector. The private sector has relied on the banking system for its
financing needs, of which a large portion was intermediated through the banking system – the ratio of bank credit to gross domestic product (GDP) in
Malaysia was high at 149% in 1997. Nevertheless, the ratio of bank deposits to GDP was also high at 154% and therefore banks were able to finance
their lending operations from their deposits. * As the banking sector was heavily exposed to the economic crisis that struck the nation in 1997, it was
very cautious in extending new credits. In the post–crisis period, loan growth was low; for example in 1998 and 1999, growth was less than the target
of 8% proposed by the government. * The malignancy of the Asian financial turmoil was derived from the externally–driven currency crisis with the
internally induced banking crisis. In other

Case Study: Bank Negara Tanah Melayu
NEGARA MALAYSIA (BNM)
Bank Negara Tanah Melayu was set up in January 1959. One of its main responsibilities is to supervise all activities of commercial banks in Malaysia
through the Banking Ordinance 1958 which was super–ceded by the Banking Act 1973. With the formation of Malaysia on 16th September 1963, Bank
Negara Tanah Melayu came to be known as Bank Negara Malaysia (Central Bank of Malaysia). Bank Negara Malaysia is a statutory body which
started operations on 26 January 1959. It was governed by the Central Bank of Malaysia Act 2009. Its headquarters is located in Kuala Lumpur, the
federal capital of Malaysia. Bank Negara had previously maintained branches in each of the state capitals. Most of them were closed in the 1990s when
retail banks began taking over most of the counter services. There are still branches maintained in Penang, Johor Bahru, Kota Kinabalu, Kuching, ...
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The unit trust industry in Malaysia has therefore a history of more than four decades.
In the early 1950s until 1970s the unit trust industry are growth slow in the sales of units and lack of public interest in the new investment product.
There are only five unit trust management companies was establish, with total 18 funs introduced over that period. During that time, several parties
such as Registrar of Companies, The Public Trustee of Malaysia, Bank Negara Malaysia and The Ministry Of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs
was regulated the unit trust industry.
The 1980s marked a significant development in the history of the industry when the Amanah Saham Nasional (ASN) was launched by the National
Capital Berhad (PNB) in 1981. Although there were only 11 funds were launched in this period, the number of units subscribed by the public increase
to an unprecedented level because of the overwhelming response to

Malaysia's Alternative Strategy Essay examples
[MALAYSIA'S ALTERNATIVE STRATEGY]
Introduction The 1997 Asian Financial Crisis drew attention to just how fragile our global economic system can become either when overexposed to
foreign market intervention, or when underperformance remains unchecked. Prior to June 1997, The Republic of Korea encountered issues as 10 of its
30 top performing chaebol (Conglomerate) collapsed underneath debt which far exceeded their respective equities. Korean steel production giant
Hanbo faced additional stress after amassing a $4.39 billion debt for one new steel mill. Kia Motors fell due to accruing almost $2.1 billion in loans
that was awarded on the basis of "need," as opposed to independent judgment of credit and cash flow determined by the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
On 2 July 1997 Thailand had $2,850 billion remaining in international reserves and could no longer protect the baht. That day Marakanond decided to
float the baht.
Asian Financial Crisis – Neighboring Countries
Neighbor South Korea dealt with economic uncertainty leading up to the 1997 currency crisis which plagued Thailand. South Korean chaebols or
conglomerates were recording record debt levels between 1996 and 1997. Banking policies enacted by President, or Dictator, Park during the late 80's
constructed an economic environment whereby loans to chaebols were issued on the basis of company need, as opposed to individual judgment on
part of the loan issuing authority. In more succinct terms, nationalized banks issues loans to chaebols without verifying whether the company could
pay the loan bank, or whether the interest rates were reasonable, or even whether the company's venture had enough collateral to back it up. In
essence, chaebols were tasked with repaying loans that they might not have the appropriate level of capital for. Therefore, on the eve of the Asian
Financial Crisis, chaebols such as Hanbo Steel, and others, were closing their doors due to debt burdens incurred without a proper foundation for
capital generation.
Neighbors to the South, Indonesia and others, suffered from currency, stock, and equity collapses, rather than tangible asset collapse. The currencies of
Indonesia, Singapore, Hong Kong, and others, took massive hits from

Objectives Of BNM
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
Just like most of the countries, Malaysia also has our own central bank which has the monetary authority to oversea the financial system and the
economy which is known as Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM). BNM was established on 24th January 1959 and Central Bank of Malaya Ordinance was
provided the licensing and regulation of the business of banking in the Federation of Malaya. As time passed, BNM grew stronger and has more
authority, supported by several act to ensure the stability of Malaysia Financial System. Currently, thebank is active in developing financial inclusion
policy and is an important member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion. The current governor of BNM is Tan Sri Muhammad bin Ibrahim who
assumed the office of Governor on 1st May 2016, succeeding Dr. Zeti Akhtar Aziz.
1.2 SUPERVISION
Develop, enhance and implement an effective surveillance framework to ensure safety and soundness of financial institutions and to enforce sound
practices in them.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
The objectives of BNM as stated in the Central Bank of Malaysia Act 1958(CBA):
To issue currency and keep reserves to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After analyzing and evaluating the international and domestic economy and financial developments in international and domestic, Bank Negara
Malaysia can forecast the economic condition of the country and hence introduce the policy suggestion to the Minister of Finance and economic policy
making forums at national level. Furthermore, regular financial advices on the management of domestic and external debts and the terms and timing of
Government loan programs are given to Government. Besides, Bank Negara Malaysia is responsible in handling the Government securities including
trading, registering, settlement and redemption through systems such as RENTAS, Fully Automated System for Tendering (FAST) and Bond
Information and Dissemination

Research Paper On Online Banking
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.0Overview
This chapter generally focus on several part of study in online banking area. This research paper entitled: A study of generation Y satisfaction toward
online banking service in Johor. Background of research as the first part in this chapter and briefly discuss the definition of generation Y and online
banking service. Problem statement continues as the second part which explains the importance and the basis of this study. Next, research objective
screen out the five specific objectives of this study and demonstrate the independent variables and dependent variable. Then, the research questions
illustrate the question between the independent variables and dependent variable. The research questions state how the factors or independent variables
affect the satisfaction of generation Y toward online banking service. The significance of study shows the parties or entities that benefit from the
research. Significance of study also explains the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Internet banking refers to an online facility which provides an alternative channel for delivering banking or financial services and enables individuals to
access their accounts anytime and anywhere through a bank's web site (Z. Liao, Z., and M. T. Cheung, 2012). In other words, online banking named as
E–banking, internet banking or virtual banking. Generally, the operation of online banking is connect to the core banking system designed by bank
and then contrast to branch banking which refer to traditional way of bank customers accessed to banking services. Nowadays, internet banking is one
of the most important businesses in electronic business around the world (Ariff et al, 2012). Most of the conventional banks have to operate and
provide the online banking service to their customers as needs by

Shariah Financial Market Statement
TAKAFUL IKHLAS GROWTH FUND FUND OBJECTIVE: To invest in Shariah–compliant listed equities to provide the capital growth over the
medium to long term through the diversified, but growth–oriented portfolio. TARGET MARKET: Suitable for the investors who is mainly interested
ingrowth and willing to take and accept higher risk in investment return. FUND MANAGER: Takaful Ikhlas Berhad. Appointed External Fund
Manager: CIMB–Principal Islamic Asset Management Berhad. TOTAL RETURNS: 1 MONTH6 MONTHS1 YEAR3 YEARS5 YEARS GROWTH
(%)3.5113.0916.137.7830.23 BENCHMARK (%)0.252.952.71–6.059.28 FUND PERFORMANCES: ASSET ALLOCATIONS: For Asset Allocation,
the investment portfolio is subjected to the following: Up to 98% of the Portfolio... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Malaysia's macroeconomic fundamentals remain strong as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the second quarter come in at 5.8% following a 5.6%
expansion in the first quarter. Consequently, various economists have upgraded their full year GDP forecast for Malaysia to 5.2%–5.5% while the
government estimate 4.3%–4.8%. Meanwhile, inflation continues to moderate to 3.2% in July after peaking at 5.1% in March. Bank Negara
Malaysia (BNM) is expected to keep the Overnight Policy Rate unchanged at 3.00% for the rest of 2017. Ringgit Malaysia (RM) has established at
c.4.30 to the US Dollar despite a sizeable government bond maturity during the month. Takaful Ikhlas expect the market to trade sideways despite the
external headwinds from geopolitics and central banks normalisation plans as well as the net foreign outflows recorded in August for Bursa (June:
+RM359m, July: +RM419m, August: –RM241m). Second quarter earnings were non–inspiring but we are hopeful that the 2H17 results will recover.
Although Takaful Ikhlas expect that the markets to trade sideways, various key themes still present the good opportunity for returns. They

The Pros And Cons Of Islamic Banking And Bank Negara Malaysia
1.0 Introduction
Islamic banking refers to a system of banking that complies with Islamic law, also known as Shariah law. The underlying principles that govern
Islamic banking are mutual risk and profit sharing between the provider of capital (investor) and the user of funds (entrepreneur). In other words, it
ensures an equal contribution for all parties involved, whether in profitability or in case of any loss occurred. Activities that involve interest (riba),
gambling (maisir) and speculative trading (gharar) are prohibited (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2010). Islamic banking is interest free banking; making it
compulsory to take active part in business profit and loss sharing. Islamic banks prefer to take less risk (Shaikh & Jalbani, 2009)
Global ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most banks have created a separate entity or subsidiary to earn profit from the growing Islamic banking sector. (Parker, 2011) (Ernst and Young
(E&Y), 2014) in their latest World Islamic Banking Competitiveness report (2014), shows the assets of Islamic banks grew at an average rate of
17% per year between 2008 and 2012. This is two to three times faster than the rate at which conventional banks grew over the same period. Bank
Muamalat provides a full range of Islamic financial services through its 59 branches nationwide. It has a market share of 4.2% and 5.0% of the
domestic Islamic banking sector's gross financing and total deposits segments respectively as at end–March 2014. The bank's annual financing growth
of between 8% and 15% was mostly lower than the Islamic banking industry's growth of above 20% per year in the last five years. (The Star–Business
News,

Isu Kenaikan Harga Minyak Di Malaysia
A. PENGENALAN : FAKTOR PERMINTAAN (POLISI KERAJAAN) MEMPENGARUHI KENAIKAN HARGA MINYAK DAN GAS Harga
minyak dah naik! Itulah luahan rasa kecewa seorang rakyat yang mewakili jutaan rakyat Malaysia yang lain. Kenaikan harga minyak dan gas bukan
sahaja berlaku di Malaysia malah di seluruh dunia. Tanpa minyak kenderaan tidak boleh bergerak dan tanpa gas suri rumah dan peniaga tidak dapat
memasak. Sektor industri juga turut menerima tempias apabila harga minyak naik. Kenaikan harga minyak memberi kesan terhadap peningkatan
kepada kos pengangkutan seperti darat, udara dan air. Perkara ini secara langsung akan menyebabkan kos operasi meningkat (Unit Perancang Ekonomi
et al., 2005). Kenaikan tersebut ternyata memberi kesan kepada pengguna.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
BAHAGIAN 3 A. DAPATAN DAN CADANGAN i.Kesan Penurunan kadar subsidi Penurunan kadar subsidi telah menyebabkan kos yang disubsidi
oleh kerajaan dahulu kini ditanggung oleh rakyat. Hal ini disebabkan oleh para pengusaha atau peniaga minyak tidak mahu menanggung kos subsidi
tersebut. Maka, rakyat dan sektor industri di negara ini terpaksa menerima kesan akibat daripada keputusan kerajaan untuk menurunkan kadar subsidi
minyak dan gas (Unit Perancang Ekonomi et al., 2005). Kenaikan harga minyak dan gas akan memberi kesan terhadap kos sara hidup rakyat (Unit
Perancang Ekonomi et al., 2005). Ini kerana kenaikan harga minyak dan gas akan membawa masalah lain pula seperti kenaikan harga barang, harga
perkhidmatan dan sebagainya (Azrina, 2008). Lantaran itu, kos sara hidup rakyat akan meningkat apabila semua barangan mengalami inflasi.
Sekiranya keadaan ini berlarutan, akan menyebabkan rakyat memberontak dan berdemonstrasi untuk membantah kenaikan harga minyak dan gas (Unit
Perancang Ekonomi et al., 2005). Sektor industri juga turut menerima tempias apabila kerajaan menurunkan kadar pemberian subsidi minyak dan gas.
Kenaikan harga minyak memberi kesan terhadap peningkatan kepada kos pengangkutan seperti darat, udara dan air. Perkara ini secara langsung akan
menyebabkan kos operasi meningkat. Peniaga yang menghadapi peningkatan kos operasi akan terus menaikkan harga barang–barang kerana tidak
mahu terbeban dengan peningkatan kos tersebut (Unit

Islamic Banking vs. Conventional Banking
Islamic Banking vs. Conventional Banking In most Islamic countries, they tend to practice two types of financing in banking industry which are
conventional and Islamic banking. The country like in Malaysia has successfully developed an Islamic banking system that operates in parallel with the
conventional banking system. There is similarity between conventional banking and Islamic banking which helps to promote economic growth
provided financing services such as credit facilities for business activity, mortgage, securities, etc. in order to achieve their same ultimate profit
objectives. However, there are also having differences in practicing financial services due to most investors having their own preferences on their
investments and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sometimes, rebates are given for early settlement at the bank's discretion (Rajesh Aggarwal & Tarik Yousef, 2000, p. 96). For example, under a home
financing loan, facility provided by the Islamic bank is offered under the Shariah principle of Al–Bai Baithaman Ajil (BBA). When the bank's customer
buys the property from the vendor, the bank would steps in to become a party to the sale agreement at the request of the customer and with the consent
of the vendor. This making the bank become the purchaser of the property and then sells the property to the customer at a selling price which comprises
the bank's purchase price and a predetermined profit margin. Since Islamic financing entails a predetermined profit to be made by the bank, a customer
will never have to worry about a sudden hike or changes in the interest rates. Customer will know the total amount and monthly installment pay to the
bank in which the loan amount will not change throughout the tenure of the financing (Kalathevy, 2006, para.3). However, in a conventional loan, the
customer will repay to the bank the loan amount with interest at the prescribed rate which based on a margin above the bank's base lending rate and
keep changing from time to time (Kalathevy, 2006, para.4). Islamic banking and conventional banking offer different in products and services however
Islamic

Mahathir Mohamad Personality
Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad is a well–known figure among the society. He was fourth prime minister of Malaysia. Before becoming a politician with
the UMNO party, he was a doctor and move up quickly from member of parliament to prime minister. He has in dominance more than twenty–two
years from 1981 to 2003. Under his aegis, Malaysia experienced the time of rapid modernisation and economic growth and succession of forward
infrastructure projects. Currently, he is chairman of Proton Holding BHD, Group Lotus PLC and Chancellor of Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP).
In 1981 that is when Dr. Mahathir became prime minister, government patronage and certain ethnic discrimination in employment and higher
education have develop in mind a Malay middle class, including some billionaires. Meanwhile, the ethnic Chinese minority is still seen as having out
of balance wealth. Yet, the prime minister again and again accused his fellow Malays (or Bumiputras) of contented and unwilling to work hard.
Before he stepped down, Dr. Mahathir felt disappointed with his race because he has achieved too little in his predominant task of making his race
(Malays) a successful race, meaning a race that is respected. He developed his ideas in a controversial book entitled The Malays Dilemma. He wrote
that the Malays had been marginalised during the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mahathir was putting his ideas into practice by transforming Malaysia from an exporter of rubber and tin into a manufacturer of electronic equipment,
steel and cars. In addition, he defending Asian and Malaysian values, he criticised what he called Western double standards and triumphed among
developing countries. His prestige projects breakthrough national pride included the world's tallest building, the Petronas Tower and the transformation
of a palm oil plantation near the capital into the world's first "Multimedia Super Corridor" which is a cyber powerhouse intended to rival California's
Silicon

Environmental Factors That Influencing Prototon Holdings...
2.0 ANALYSIS OF PROTON HOLDINGS BERHAD'S MICRO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS There are six micro environmental factors that
influence Proton Holdings Berhad's marketing performance, and they are marketing intermediaries, competitors, the company, customers, suppliers,
and publics. 2.1 ANALYSIS OF MICRO ENVIRONMENT PROTON HOLDINGS BERHAD: MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES Ron (2006) state
that basically the role played by marketing intermediaries is aiding the Proton Holdings Berhad to promoting, selling, and distributing the car models to
the final buyers. The marketing intermediaries consist of resellers, financial intermediaries, marketing services agencies and physical distribution firms.
First, the role played by the resellers are helping the Proton Holdings... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Malaysia, the marketing intermediaries for Proton Holdings Berhad are wholesalers and retailers, for instance, Carrefour, Giant, AEON Jusco, Tesco
and Mydin. Second, the functions of financial intermediaries is assisting the finance transaction against the risks associated with the selling and
buying. The examples of financial intermediaries in Malaysia are Malayan Banking Berhad well– known as Maybank, CIMB Bank Berhad, Bank
Islam, RHB Bank Berhad, Am Bank Berhad, Public Bank Berhad, Hong Leong Bank Berhad, Oversea–Chinese Banking Corporation well– known as
OCBC Bank, Bank Simpanan Nasional, Alliance Bank, Affin Bank Berhad, Citi Bank Berhad, and HSBC Bank Berhad. Third, the marketing service
agencies in Malaysia such as Avant Garde Advertising, TV3, and ACNielsen are responsible for assisting Proton Holdings Berhad to

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Maybank
The strength of Maybank is becoming the biggest bank in Malaysia that taking the regional market lead (Santhi, Barathy, & Teoh, 2013). In 1981,
Maybank was the first Malaysian bank to set ups ATMs in Malaysia (Maybank's Annual Report, 2014). The ATM Machines are placed broadly
accessible all over Malaysia thus it become the biggest Banking Service supplier in Malaysia. In addition, the express international cash transfer
service is also firstly delivered by Maybank and made convenient via Pakistan, Cambodia, Philippines, Brunei, Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia.
Hence the money transaction is more convenience in worldwide for their customer. Aside from that, Maybank execute comprehensive services and
diversified its product line from deposit,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The threats and opportunities in the e–banking line are increased due to the introduction of internet. The threat of e–banks and the point of equality
concept are very highly used by the current competitors. There are rivals such as CIMB clicks, Hong Leong online banking and many more which
cause Maybank2u.com unable to monopolize the market. As a consequence, the customers can exchange brands easily. Moreover, the customer of
Maybank are likely to concern with the safety matter of online banking. They prefers to do transaction in the classic ways more than online banking due
to their lacking of confidence toward security and safety matter of online banking. They are scared of hacker that might intercept their information. But
other than that, the bank may significantly affected by the present macroeconomic situation across the global and adjustment in economic policies in
South East Asian countries. This happened because Maybank's goal is to widen Islamic business in markets such as Singapore and Indonesia as part of
their target on the ASEAN

Staying Competive '
In Staying Competitve by Shahjanaz Kamaruddin discusses the development of Malaysia into becoming a full–fledged Islamic financial system that
shows Malaysia performed consistently well across five indicators which is quantitative development, knowledge, governance, CSR (corporate social
responsibility) and awareness. She presents this article in which she shares her analysis as a company secretary or writer where she offers strong legal
acumen and company secretarial skills garnered during 25 years of in–depth professional experience at leading public–listed companies. She brings
with her a sound and pragmatic understanding of governance and compliance issues and their practical application towards implementation of business
strategies in a highly competitive environment where time is of the essence. She is known for her exceptional consensual leadership style coupled with
strong communication skills which are diplomatic and persuasive in manner. Her goals are to apply her specialised and writing skills in a media or
marketing field either on a freelance basis or full time as an in–house talent within an organisation. This paper will review Shajanaz's review as well as
her main arguments, and will evaluate the quality of her writing and focus on any areas of weakness within it.
Summary ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Shahjanaz Kamaruddin begins this article by stating that Malaysia has developed into becoming a full–fledged Islamic financial system operating in
parallel to its conventional counterpart. Islamic finance is based on the Islamic principle of Syariah which is relevant in today's world. According to
the Islamic Finance Development (IFD) Report 2014, Malaysia is the undisputed in sukuk(bond) with a 63% of global market share. Malaysia
performs very well across 5 indicators which are quantitative development, knowledge, governance, CSR (corporate social responsibility) and

Malaysia Remittance And Payment Market Outlook To 2019 Essay
Malaysia Remittance and Payment Market Research Report
2015–2019
(Driven By Increasing International and Domestic Migration)
–By
Ken Research
1
© This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.
1.1.
Malaysia Macro Environment and Factors
Malaysia Macro Environment Overview
1.1.1.
Malaysia GDP, 2009–2019
1.1.2.
Population and Number of Households in Malaysia, 2009–2019
1.1.3.

Export– Import and Exchange Rate Fluctuations, 2009–2013
1.2.
Personal Disposable Income in Malaysia, 2009–2019
1.3.
Internet and Smartphone Penetration in Malaysia, 2009–2019
1.4.
Household Monthly Income, 2009–2014
1.5.
Number of Mobile and Internet Banking Users in Malaysia, 2009–2013
1.6.
Remittance ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
4.1.
4.2.
5.
5.1.
Governement Regulations and Policies in the Remittance Industry in Malaysia
GST and Its Effect on The Remittance Industry in Malaysia
4.1.1.
Overview of GST
4.1.2.

Effect of GST on Remittances in Malaysia
MSB Act, 2011 Overview
Malaysia Bill Payment Market
Payment System in Malaysia
Systematically Important Payment System (SIPS)
Retail Payment System
5.2.
Malaysia Bill Payment Market Size, 2010–2014
4
© This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied
5.2.1. Malaysia Bill Payment Market Size on the Basis of Value of Transactions,
CY'2010–CY'2014
5.3.
Market Segmentation of Malaysia Bill Payment Market
5.3.1.
By Purpose of Payment, CY'2013
5.3.2.
By Mode of Payment, CY'2013
5.3.3.
By Payment Channel (Internet Banking, Mobile Banking, ATM), 2010–2014
5.3.3.1.
Malaysia Bill Payment Market Segmentation by Payment Channel on the basis of Value of Transactions, CY'2010–CY'2014

5.3.3.2.
Malaysia Bill Payment Market Segmentation by Payment Channel on the basis of Volume of Transactions, CY'2010
–CY'2014
5.4.
5.5.
Alliances in Bill Payment Market in Malaysia
5.4.1.
Maybank and TNB Team up for Online Bill Payment Service
5.4.2.
Celcom and Maybank Join Hands for Online Bill Payment
5.4.3.
U Mobile and POS Malaysia's Strategic Partnership for Bill Payment
Future Projections for Malaysia Bill Payment Market
5.5.1.
Future Projections for Malaysia Bill Payment Market Size, CY'2015–CY'2019

Porter's Five Forces Analysis Of Maybank
PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
Porter's Five Forces point out five competitive forces that influence planning strategies: the threat of new competitors, the threat of substitute products
or services, the bargaining power of customers, the bargaining power of suppliers and the rivalry among existing firms in the industry. These five
forces determine the profit of an industry and helps Maybank to have a better perception and understanding about the industry in order to develop
strategies for tough competing. Eventually Maybank has now become the Malaysia's largest financial services group.
Threat of new competitors
In contrast with the past, banking industry is also popular sector due to its high profitability. Therefore, attracts many entrepreneurs... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
For this reason, poor customer service of a bank may increase the bargaining power of customer and could drive down the revenue of Maybank. For
instance, if Maybank could not understand what actually customers require or ineffectively handle the customer complaints, it could reduce the
switching cost of customers and they will finally switch to other banks for a better service. In order to avoid a high bargaining power implanted in
customers, Maybank has invested in an Analytical Customer Relationship Management system to efficiently utilise the information gained from each
customer for improvement purpose. This system enables Maybank get to know the expectations of customers towards the bank. Then, Maybank
formulates strategies and comes out with superior performance to cater the needs of customers. Right now, Maybank is hoping to generate a complete
picture of a customer's lifecycle by using the system to grow their business. Besides establishing of the feedback dropper on their website, Maybank
also focus on the fundamental values of hospitality, friendliness and skills in handling customer complaints. To do this, Maybank promotes various
incentive programmes to reward the customers, eventually enhance the customers' loyalty towards the

How Malaysia Manage Inflation
Table of Contents Page
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION1. Background
2. Problem
3. Purpose
DISCUSSION1. Monetary PolicyOpen Market Operation
Reserve Requirement2. Fiscal PolicyReduce the level of government purchases
Increase taxes
Transfer Payments
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES
List of Illustration
Figure 1: Malaysia Inflation Rate Chart
Figure 2: Malaysia Interest Rate Chart
Figure 3: Malaysia's Budget Operational Expenditure 1998–2009 Chart
Figure 4: Malaysia Corporate and Personal Income Tax Rate Trend
Abstract

The inflation rate in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Current price of crude oil has increased to USD 150 per barrel which causes Malaysia to face 7.7% inflation in June 2008 and a 8.5% inflation in July
2008. The price of local gas has increased from RM1.92 per liter to RM2.70 per liter due to the rise of the natural resources. The increased in the
price of local gas has caused the price local goods such as cooking oil to rise in that year. The local traders took the advantage to increase the price
of goods due to the rise in crude oil price. The value of ringgit has turn down and lowering its value because of the local traders act. By increase the
price of good, the value that previously can buy good in certain quantity, has goes down that only by the same good but in the less quantity than before.
Due to the inflation, Malaysia government already applied different strategies to face the inflation that occurred recently. Bank Negara Malaysia
controls the inflation rate by implementing the monetary policies such as influence the level of interest rate that commercial banks have to pay on
their loans. Sometimes commercial banks have unexpected or urgent needs for extra funds, Bank Negara Malaysia will make a short term loan to
them in such case. Acceptable collateral and a promissory note (IOU) such as government securities are given when commercial banks borrow. Bank
Negara Malaysia will obstruct commercial banks to make loan from them for obtaining additional funds when the inflation

The Central Bank Of Malaysia
The economy of Malaysia in the 1970s had started growing due to the exports of raw materials. Since the nineteenth century, Malaysia had been a
major supplier of primary products like; tin, rubber, palm oil, timber, oil, liquified natural gas to many of the industrialized countries. During this period
there were over fifty banking institutions in Malaysia. The central bank of Malaysia which is the bank Negara Malaysia is the biggest in Malaysia
In the 1970 the leading sector in development had been a wide range of export manufacturing industries such as textiles, electrical and electronic
goods, rubber products. In the 1980s, Malaysia was hit with a brief recession. Bank Negara Malaysia knew they had to come up with a plan to save ...
The result has been dismal as shown in the slow reduction in the number of banking institutions in the table below.
198019901997199
Commercial banks
* Domestic21222221
* Foreign17161313 Finance Companies47453925 Merchant banks12121212 Total97958671
Banking, from its early days of inception, has undergone rapid changes, most especially within the past ten years, also as a result of major world events
such as the 9/11 terror attacks and the consequential reactions of governments and within the industry itself. (Morgan McKinley UK)
Banking can be defined as the business activity of accepting and safeguarding money owned by other individuals and entities, and then lending out
this money in order to earn a profit. The invention of banking came before coinage. Banking originated in ancient Mesopotamia where people used
to bank their grains for safe keeping and security provided by the royal palaces and temples. Thus people would take their grains or commodities to
the royal place or temple for safe keeping and receipts would be given to the original debtors and also to third parties. This type of banking was
basically done almost all over the world, eventually rules and regulations were introduced.
In Egypt the state provided warehouses where farmers could deposit their grains and they would receive receipts that show how much of their grain
the bank is holding, the receipts were eventually used to pay debts to third

Tan Sri Dato Hashim Personality
Tan Sri Dato' Azman Hashim was known for his intelligence and perserverance, he became one of famous names in Malaysia history. He has made
great contribution to the economic development of Malaysia and become one of the richest and the high esteemed people of Malaysia. He has $600
million of net worth was estimated by Forbes, ranking in the 9th richest man in Malaysia. Born in July 1939 in Kuala Lumpur and grew up in a family
of thirteen siblings, his father was a highly disciplined man and his mother was a school teacher of the Kampung Baru Girl's School and became
headmistress. Raised up in an environment of strict discipline and wisdom. In 1954, he participated in the examination of the Sernor Cambridge and
gained a first grade.
He ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Several years ago, he escaped death from a terrible car accident. In 1985, during property crash in the corporate world and it was a real baptism of
fire to him. The worst situation was that Azman almost lost his entire banking empire during the height of currency crisis. According to the bank
mergers plans by the central bank, his bank was being swallowed by the smaller financial group. Especially in 1988, Azman's economy and financial
markets faced a period of extreme challenges. The recession has weakened the various aspects of performance include banking industry. All the bank
system as whole have seen RM 2.3 billion in

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Bonds
Bonds act as an investment instrument which the investors invest their money to the bonds and bonds can provide a means of preserving capital and
earning a predictable return. While many investments provide some form of income, bonds tend to provide the highest and most reliable source of
income. Even at the time of low interest rates, there are still plenty of options (such as high–yield bonds and emerging market bonds), investors can use
it to construct a portfolio that will meet their income needs. The most important thing is diversified bond portfolio can provide decent yields with lower
volatility than equities and higher income than money market funds or bank instruments. Thus, for those who need to live off of their investment
income bond is a popular choice. In Malaysia, the only party can trade the bonds is financial institutions but not individuals. There are some types of
investors in Malaysia who is pension fund, insurance company and asset management institutions. Under pension fund, the largest provident fund is ...
The first way is auction. Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) undertakes the auction for government bonds and the Principal Dealers undertake it for
BNM notes. (Team, 2012) Both are undertake the competitive auction. In competitive auction, each bidder is limited to 35% of the offering amount
and a bidder can specify the rate, yield, or discount margin. After making announcement, the banks will submit a certain amount of bids and the
bonds are allocated according to the level of demand. The level of bids will determine the rates. According to the lowest yields offered, the
successful bidders are determined and coupon rate is fixed at the weighted average yield of successful bids. (Team, 2012) Moreover, the second way
is direct placement or tender. The issuers just sell the bond to the investors directly. The tender bond which also known as bid bond act as an assurance
or security to the

Inflation and Currency Risk
Chapter 1: Research Overview
1.1 Background of the Study
Inflation and currency risk is the possibility that the value of assets or income will decrease as inflation shrinks the purchasing power of a currency.
Inflation causes money to decrease in value at some rate, and does so whether the money is invested or not. Malaysia is part of the worldwide emerging
market where the country aims to achieve the status of a developed country by the year 2020, however, the increase in inflation and currency risk may
effect that vision from happening. As inflation and currency plays a major role in the economic world.
The performance of a stock market is usually associated with the movements in the exchange rate because of its influence on the stock price of a firm.
The foreign exchange market is a place where trading of international currencies occurs between many buyers and sellers around the world. Any
fluctuations occur in the currency rate can influence the business activities between two different countries. For example, a strong home currency can
leads to the firm's profit when doing business in the country which have a weak currency rate.
Inflation risk have very important implications for the portfolio management, cost of capital of a firm, asset pricing and currency hedging strategies, as
any source of risk which is not compensated in terms of expected returns should be hedged. Therefore, it is very important to examine whether inflation
risk is priced in international stock

Case Study Of Takaful Industry
Takaful industry must take an action to manage the issue in the industry and to develop the operations. Solution of the issue in Takaful industry must be
taken immediately to avoid any problems or misunderstanding in the future and to ensure that the performance of Takaful industry can increase in
order to achieve the long term plan. First solution to resolve the issue in Takaful industry is all Takaful company must comply with the rules and
regulation stated by the Central Bank of Malaysia which is Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM). The operation of Takaful industry must comply with the
Islamic Financial Service Act 2013 (IFSA 2013). Previously, Takaful sector were controlled under Takaful Act 1984 but it was repealed and Bank
Negara Malaysia (BNM) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Distribution channel is one of the marketing strategy. Distribution channel can be explain through how the company expand their product and services
and how efficient the company manage to ensure the product and services reach to their customers. As we know, there are smaller percentage people
who get information about the Takaful operation and Takaful industry. To manage this case, Takaful must expand their distribution channel where
Takaful must hired maximum number of talented agent to help the industry to get new customers in order to develop their industry. Takaful industry
also have to create a commercial website in order to sell their product and services directly besides to gain customers. From the commercial website,
customer can easily get information about the Takaful operation such as their product, services and benefit to customers when apply the Takaful
product and services as well as their operation and development. Customer also can directly ask the question and can directly contact with the
Customer Service Department of Takaful. This method can make the company meet the current need and want of their customers and at the same time,
company can improve their operation in order to find a place in society and achieve good performance in

Advantages Of Islamic Banking

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