Project about Design of Wireless Sensor Network for Automatic Monitoring of Household Grain Quantity

1. Design of Wireless Sensor Network for
Automatic Monitoring of Household
Grain Quantity
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2. Table Of Contents
• Problem definition
• Objectives
• Introduction
• Architecture
• Component description
• Implementation
• Outcome
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3. INTRODUCTION
In the present era of busy life, grain quantity and monitoring has been
difficult manually and often manual monitoring results are inaccurate. In
the future of new era of WSN , solution to this problem can be addressed
by automating the grain quantity monitoring.
 WSN
 IOT
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4. Wireless sensor network
Following are some unique features of WSNs:
• Sensor node nodes are typically immobile.
• WSNs may be deployed in harsh environments, so failures may be
quite common.
• WSNs may be very small, there by requiring smaller batteries which are
bound to have short life-time. So WSNs may have less computational
power and less memory.
• Communication in WSN takes place in very short packets to reduce
overheads.
• Sensor networks have many-to-one traffic pattern, which may create hot-
spot problems.
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5. PROBLEM DEFINITION
Designing of a smart container for monitoring the grain quantity
and also sends a message to user that the particular grain is less
than the threshold.
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6. OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this project are:
 Grain monitoring system using smart container
 Implementation of electronic grain quantity measuring
container.
 A transmission of data monitored to a personal device using
Bluetooth.
 Minimizing the power consumption of the system designed.
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7. Methodology
• Calibration of Ultrasound sensor in measuring in the volume
of the smart container
• Detection of activity of lid being closed and opened using IR
sensor.
• Transmission of data using Bluetooth.
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8. Block diagram
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9. Background
Arduino/Genuino Uno
• Arduino/Genuino Uno is a microcontroller board based on
the ATmega328P .
• It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as
PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a
USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset
button.
• The Arduino/Genuino Uno can be programmed with
the Arduino Software(IDE).
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10. Ultrasound sensor
• Ultrasound sensor HC - SR04
• Ultrasonic ranging module HC - SR04 provides 2cm - 400cm
non-contact measurement function, the ranging accuracy can
reach to 3mm.
• The modules includes ultrasonic transmitters, receiver and
control circuit.
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11. TIMING DIAGRAM
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12. IR sensor
The basic concept of an Infrared Sensor which is used as
Obstacle detector is to transmit an infrared signal, this infrared
signal bounces from the surface of an object and the signal is
received at the infrared receiver.
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13. Bluetooth HC – 05
• Bluetooth protocol: Bluetooth Specification v2.0 EDR
• Frequency: 2.4GHz ISM band
• Modulation: GFSK(Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
• Speed: Asynchronous: 2.1Mbps(Max) / 160 kbps,
Synchronous: 1Mbps/1Mbps
• Security: Authentication and encryption
• Profiles: Bluetooth serial port
• Power supply: 3.3VDC 50mA
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14. Hardware implementation:
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15. Interfacing
Step 1: Interfacing ultrasonic sensor with Arduino
Step 2:Interfacing IR sensor with arduino
Step 3: Interfacing an Arduino to an android phone via Bluetooth.
Step 4: Testing and final outcome
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16. Test cases
TEST CASE 1:
Ultrasound sensor sense and returns the distance to the closest
object in front of it. To do this, it sends a pulse to the sensor to
initiate a reading, and then listens for a pulse to return. The
distance is measured by calculating the time travelled by
transmitted signal and the received signal.
Distance = (Time x Speed of Sound)/2
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17. Department of TCE , RVCE 17

18. TEST CASE 2: Interfacing IR sensor with arduino
Our main objective is power consumption. In order to reduce the
power consumption IR sensor is used. The main purpose of the
IR sensor is to detect the object and to send the message only
when the lid opened and then closed. By this way amount of
power wastage will be reduced instead of sending continuously
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19. Department of TCE , RVCE 19
TEST CASE 3 : Interfacing an Arduino to an android phone via
Bluetooth.
Bluetooth terminal application is a basic free Android terminal
emulator app which sends a single digit (zero or one) from a phone
to a Bluetooth module connected to the Arduino Uno via a serial
connection.
The Arduino Uno will read the data and will turn an LED ON or
OFF accordingly, later it sends a status message back, which will be
displayed the Bluetooth terminal.

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21. TEST CASE 4: Final out come
Once the Bluetooth module is on the ultrasound sensor measures
the distance of container. If the quantity of grains goes less than
10% it sends the message only when the lid closed and then
opened to save the power consumption. The measured distance is
converted into volume.
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22. Department of TCE , RVCE 22
Ultra sound sensor Arduino Bluetooth IR sensor
Pin 1 (VCC) VCC
Pin 2 (trigger) Pin 7 (digital pin)
Pin 3 (Echo) Pin 7 (digital pin)
Pin 4 (GND) Ground
Not connected Pin 1 (State)
Pin 10 (digital pin) Pin 2 (Receive)
Pin 11 (digital pin) Pin 3 (Transmit)
Ground Pin 4 (GND)
VCC Pin 5 (VCC)
Not connected Pin 6 (Wakeup)
Pin 6 (digital pin) Pin 3 (output)
Ground Pin 1 (ground)
VCC Pin 2 (VCC)

23. FLOW CHART :
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24. CONCLUSION
This project describes the smart container using wireless sensor
network, which basically monitors the quantity of the grains in
the container and sends a message to personal device. Using
Bluetooth the message is successfully sent to the user whenever
the container grain quantity is less than threshold. The message
carries Grain Quantity which is displayed in the application
terminal in personal device.
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25. Future implementation
This project can also be implemented with the Wi-Fi module
instead of Bluetooth by storing the respective values in the
database by monitoring the multiple containers. The database can
be stored in cloud by linking to internet of things. This database
can be accessed from different locations by the user through
internet.
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26. REFERENCES
[1] Mark Weiser, “The Computer for the Twenty-First Century”, Scientific
American, 1991.
[2] Wireless World Research Forum, “Book of Visions”,
http://www.wireless-world.
[3] Jianguang Jia, Jingming Kuang, Zunwen He and Yuhang Mu, “Design
of Monitor System for Grain Depots Based on Wireless Sensor
Network”, IEEE International Conference Mechatronics and
Automation held atChina during August 9 – 12, 2009.
[4] Addlesee, M.D., Jones, A., Livesey, F., and Samaria, F.: Active Floor.
IEEE
Personal Communications, Vol.4, No 5, October 1997, pp. 35-41. IEEE,
Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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27. REFERENCES
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[5] Addlesee, M.D., Curwen, R., Hodges, S., Newman, J., Steggles, P., Ward, A.,
HopperA.: Implementing a Sentient Computing System. IEEE Computer
Magazine, Vol. 34, No. 8,August 2001, pp. 50-56.