1. Rarely found, but life-threatening.
MYXEDEMA
I T I S O F T E N F O U N D I N P A T I E N T S W I T H H Y P O T H Y R O I D I S M .
WHAT IS MYXEDEMA?
Myxedema is another term for severely advanced hypothyroidism.
This is a condition that occurs when your body doesn’t produce
enough thyroid hormone. The thyroid is a small gland that sits right
at the front of your neck. It releases hormones that help your body
regulate energy and control a wide variety of functions. Myxedema
is the result of having undiagnosed or untreated severe
hypothyroidism.Severely advanced hypothyroidism can lead to
what is called a myxedema crisis, a medical emergency. While the
term “myxedema coma” used to describe this life-threatening
situation, “myxedema crisis” has replaced it, as a comatose state is
no longer required to diagnose the condition.
SYMTOMPS
intolerance to cold
tiredness
weight gain
drooping eye
shock
decreased
breathing
confusion
apathy or
depression
psychosis
constipation
coarse hair
goiter
low energy
seizures
reduced mobility
coma
low body
temperature
A person with
myxedema may notice
swelling in their face,
legs, or tongue. Their
skin may also become
dry and pale.
Other symtomps
WHAT CAUSES
MYXEDEMA?
an autoimmune condition,
including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
surgical removal of your thyroid
radiation therapy for cancer
certain medications, such as
lithium or amiodarone (Pacerone)
iodine deficiency or an excess of
iodine
pregnancy
immune system medications, like
those used in cancer treatment
TREATMENTS
Hypothyroidism is treated with a
synthetic version of the T4
thyroxine hormone called
levothyroxine. This restores T4
hormone levels and can help
relieve associated symptoms.
A person who recovers from
myxedema will need to continue
to take medication, probably for
the rest of their life.
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2. SOURCES:
Mathew, V., Misgar, R. A., Ghosh, S., Mukhopadhyay, P., Roychowdhury, P., Pandit, K., ...
Chowdhury, S. (2011, May 12). Myxedema coma: A new look into an old crisis. Journal of
Thyroid Research, 2011
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jtr/2011/493462
Safer, J. D. (2011, July 1). Thyroid hormone action on skin. Dermato-Endocrinology, 3(3),
211–215
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/derm.17027?scroll=top&needAccess=true
Underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism). (2018, April 27)
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/underactive-thyroid-hypothyroidism/complications/
Wiersinga, W. M. (2014, March 28). Adult hypothyroidism. Endotext
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK285561/
