Forms of corruption

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BRIBERY
OFFERING, PROMISING,
GIVING, ACCEPTING, OR
SOLICITING OF AN
ADVANTAGE AS AN
INDUCEMENT FOR AN
ACTION, WHICH IS ILLEGAL,
UNETHICAL, OR A BREACH
OF TRUST OR TO REFRAIN
FROM ACTING
• Kickbacks
• Facilitation payments
• Charitable and political
donations, sponsorship,
travel, and promotional
expenses
FORMS OF CORRUPTION
CONFLICT OF
INTEREST
COLLUSION
REVOLVING
DOOR
PATRONAGE
FORMS OF BRIBERY
A CONFLICT OF INTEREST
OCCURS WHERE A PERSON
OR ENTITY WITH
A DUTY TO THE ENTERPRISE
HAS A CONFLICTING
INTEREST, DUTY, OR
COMMITMENT
HAVING A CONFLICT OF INTEREST IS
NOT IN ITSELF CORRUPT, BUT
CORRUPTION CAN ARISE WHERE A
DIRECTOR, EMPLOYEE, OR
CONTRACTED THIRD PARTY
BREACHES THE DUTY DUE TO THE
ENTITY BY ACTING
IN REGARD TO ANOTHER INTEREST
SECRET OR ILLEGAL
COOPERATION OR
CONSPIRACY, ESPECIALLY IN
ORDER TO CHEAT OR
DECEIVE OTHERS
• Bid rigging: Conspiring
competitors effectively raise
prices and purchasers acquire
goods or services by soliciting
competing bids.Essentially,
competitors agree in advance
who will submit the winning bid).
• Cartels: A secret agreement or
collusion between enterprises to
commit illicit actions or fraud.
• Price fixing.
FORMS OF COLLUSION
THE MOVEMENT OF HIGH-
LEVEL EMPLOYEES
FROM PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS
TO PRIVATE SECTOR
JOBS AND VICE VERSA
THE MAIN CONCERNS
RELATE TO HOW THE PRACTICE BY
AN ENTERPRISE CAN COMPROMISE
THE IMPARTIALITY AND INTEGRITY OF
PUBLIC OFFICE.
FAVOURITISM IN WHICH A
PERSON IS SELECTED,
REGARDLESS OF
QUALIFICATIONS,
MERIT, OR ENTITLEMENT,
FOR A JOB OR BENEFIT
BECAUSE OF AFFILIATIONS
OR CONNECTIONS