2. Subject/Predicate
Every complete sentence MUST have a
subject and a predicate:
Subject Predicate
The topic of the sentence.
It includes who or what the
sentence is about.
The subject contains a
noun or pronoun.
The part of the sentence
that tells something about
the subject, or what the
subject does.
The predicate contains a
verb.
4. Verb Review:
Main
Verb
The most important verb in the sentence.
The verb that shows the action that the
subject is completing.
Example: Lilly loves her baby.
Helping
Verb
A word that accompanies a verb that
helps show what tense (past, present,
future) the verb is in.
Example: Lilly is going to the store.
Main VerbHelping Verb
5. Verb Review:
Main
Verb
The most important verb in the sentence.
The verb that shows the action that the
subject is completing.
Example: Lilly loves her baby.
Adverb
A word that modiļ¬es a verb. An adverb
answers how, when, where, how often, or
how much an action is completed.
Example: Lilly always loves her baby.
Main VerbAdverb
6. Verb Review:
Helping verbs and adverbs go along with the main
verb, and they are part of the predicate. Being able to
tell which one is the MAIN verb will help you identify
the subject in complicated sentences. The main verb
will be the one that shows what the subject of the
sentence is doing.
Lilly was quickly running to ļ¬nd her car keys.
Main VerbAdverbHelping verb
Subject
7. Verb Review:
Lilly does not āwas.ā Lilly does not āquickly.ā
What Lilly does in this sentence is ārun.ā That
means ārunningā is the main verb.
Lilly was quickly running to ļ¬nd her car keys.
Main VerbAdverbHelping verb
Subject
8. Practice 1
Directions:
BOLD the main verb in each sentence:
On your note sheet, complete PRACTICE 1.
1. Chris and Lyle are moving to Korea.
2. I canāt remember what day it is.
3. The clock loudly chimes.
4. Grandfather is a nice man.
5. Grandfather is visiting us for dinner.
6. Steve will soon start a new business.
11. Subject/Predicate
Subject Predicate
Dad and his Air Force
buddies
were on a cliff in the
canyon.
Being a grandmother transformed her mother.
To write your rection down
preserves those reactions
forever.
12. Subject
TIP #1:
If you are having difļ¬culty identifying the subject
of a sentence, ask who or what completes the
action of the predicateās main verb:
Dad and his Air Force buddies were on a cliff in a
canyon.
Being a grandmother transformed her mother.
Who was on a cliff?
What transformed her mother?
13. Subject
TIP #2:
The subject usually comes before the main verb,
but occasionally the sentence is āinvertedā and
the subject comes after the verb. To ļ¬nd the
subject, ask who or what completes the action of
the main verb.
āAre you ready?ā
āThere were four basic causes of the Civil War.ā
āInto the ocean rowed the kayakers.ā
14. Subject
TIP #3:
The simple subject is single noun by itself. The
complete subject includes all adjectives
describing that noun. Thus, the subject can be a
single word, or a whole phrase.
āMy friend Luna is crazy.ā
āForgetful James left his money here.ā
āThe man with the tall hat smiled.ā
āThe big, hungry, green Martian landed over there.ā
15. Subject
Complete Subject Simple Subject
My friend Luna
The man with the tall
hat
āThe big, hungry, green
Martianā
Luna
man
Martian
16. Compound
Subject
Compound
Predicate
A subject with more
than one noun.
Example:
āThe sun and moon
were visible.ā
A predicate with more
than one verb.
Example:
āThe moon sparked
and glowed in the sky.ā
Compound
17. Practice 2
Directions:
Bold the subject and underline the predicate.
On your note sheet, complete PRACTICE 2.
1. They knew that summer was almost over.
2. The sun was rising over the lake.
3. A young man with his dog called out to say hello.
4. Mastering the writing process is difļ¬cult.
5. My uncle Tim washes and polishes his car often.
6. Nearby lives a family with seven children.
7. The party will have music, dancing, and cake.
8. The zombie wasnāt dead!
9. Everyone at KIS loves to study.
19. Modifiers
A modiļ¬er is an optional element within a sentence
that can be removed without affecting the basic
meaning and grammar of the sentence. If you
remove a modiļ¬er, the sentence still makes
grammatical sense, but it becomes less speciļ¬c.
Subject & Predicate + Modiļ¬er Subject & Predicate
Emily, who hates
classical music, went to
the Beethoven concert
with me.
Emily went to the
Beethoven concert
with me.
20. Modifiers
Adjectives and Adverbs modify nouns and verbs.
These are two types of sentence modiļ¬ers you
are familiar with.
Adjective Modiļ¬ers Adverb Modiļ¬ers
āThe angry bear
attacked me.ā
āCrazy Andy chases
his brother.ā
āThe bear ferociously
attacked me.ā
āAndy always chases
his brother.ā
21. Modifiers
Sometimes longer phrases modify sentences
as well. Learning how to use these phrases in
your own writing is the key to developing a
mature writing style.
A group of words
Example:
āWithout a doubt, Emily, my friend since ļ¬rst grade,
is the most important person in my life.ā
22. Practice 3
Directions:
Underline all modiļ¬ers (anything not necessary to
the basic meaning of the sentence).
On your note sheet, complete PRACTICE 3.
1. With basketball season nearly ļ¬nished, Emily
emerged as the MVP.
2. My mother, an amazing home cook, made
pancakes for dinner.
3. I'm not really interested in studying biochemistry
for the rest of my life.
4. Juan went to college to study veterinary medicine.