1. According to Davis and Moore, What other function does education serve? (1 mark)<br />Role allocation- inequality (1)<br />Give 2 main points from Durkheim’s views of Education. (2)<br />Social solidarity- individuals feel part of a single body or community, transmitting shared norms and values (1)<br />Specialist skills (1)<br />Give 4 points of description for Parson’s “Bridge” theory. (4)<br />School links family and wider society, which operate on different levels (1).<br />Particularistic (family) vs Universalistic standards (school) (1) Ascribed status (family) vs Achieved status (school) (1)<br />Meritocracy (1)<br />Name 1 way the New Right is similar to Functionalism. (1)<br />Believe some people are more naturally talented than others (1)<br />Favour meritocratic education system (1)<br />Education should socialize pupils into shared norms and values (1)<br />Name the key difference between the New Right and Functionalist views of education. (1)<br />NR don’t think that the current education system is achieving goals because it is too reliant on the state (1)<br />What is the name of the sociologists who compared private schools with state schools in the US? (1)<br />Chubb and Moe (1990) (1)<br />What Perspective were Bowles and Gintis writing from? (1)<br />Marxist (1)<br />Give 4 points of description for Bowles and Gintis’ “Correspondence Principle”. (4)<br />Close parallel between school and work (1)<br />Both have hierarchies (1)<br />Reinforcing class inequality (1)<br />Hidden curriculum- lessons being learnt in school without being taught directly, e.g. listen to the teacher (1)<br />Schooling prepares W/C pupils for their role as exploited workers of the future (1)<br />Give 2 criticisms of Bowles and Gintis. (2)<br />Post modernists- class divisions are no longer important, we live in diverse society. 1)<br />Post modernists- Shifted away from mass production (factories) to small specialist markets where adaptable work force is needed- creativity! (1)<br />Deterministic- suggests pupils have no freewill and passively accept inequalities (1)<br />Define “Cultural Capital”. (2)<br />The knowledge, attitudes, values that the middle classes transmit to their children. (1)Bordieu argues that educational success is largely based on possession of cultural capital, thus giving m/c children an advantage. (1)<br />What do Marxists believe the notion of Meritocracy to be? (1)<br />Doesn’t exist- instead achievement is determined through class and background, not ability or educational achievement (1)<br />Serves to justify the privileges of the higher classes (1) <br />Disguise inequality! (1)- Helps W/C to accept inequality, so less likely to overthrow capitalism (1)<br />Give 4 points of description for Paul Willis’ (1977) “Learning to Labour” study. (4)<br />Study on w/c pupils- show that pupils can resist exploitation (teacher’s rules etc) (1)<br />Counter-school culture (oppose school) - 12 lads as they make their transition from school to work (1)Similarity between anti-school culture and shopfloor culture- manuel work as superior, intellectual work as inferior (1)<br />By boys resisting the schools ideology, they are infact encouraging capitalism- destined to do low skilled jobs which capitalism needs someone to perform!! (1)<br />