5-HT6 antagonist/D2 partial agonist targeting behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia
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This document discusses the development of novel drug candidates targeting behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. The researchers designed a library of hybrid molecules that act as 5-HT6 receptor antagonists and D2 receptor partial agonists. Compound 14 was identified as the most promising candidate, showing high affinity for 5-HT6 and D2 receptors and negligible affinity for targets associated with side effects. In animal tests, Compound 14 demonstrated significantly improved antidepressant and anxiolytic activity compared to existing 5-HT6 or D2-selective drugs, suggesting it warrants further evaluation for treating behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.
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![Dementia is much more than forgetting…
The risk of BPSD in dementia patients approaches 90%1
Behavioral and psychological
symptoms (BPSD)
Cognitive
decline
Social
withdrawal
Agitation
Aggression
Psychosis
Anxiety
Depression
[1] Iwasaki, K.; Satoh-Nakagawa, T. et al. J. Clin Psychiatry 2005, 66, 248-252](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Relatori: Dr. J. Lombard, Dr.ssa F.R. Grati, Dr.ssa S. De Toffol
BREVE PREMESSA
La farmacogenetica studia l’influenza dei fattori genetici sull’attività di un farmaco, la sua assimilazione e il suo metabolismo allo scopo di massimizzarne l’efficacia terapeutica e minimizzare gli effetti avversi. I fattori genetici possono giustificare fino al 95% della variabilità interpersonale nella risposta e nelle reazioni avverse a determinati trattamenti farmacologici. Finora la diagnosi ed il trattamento farmacologico in psichiatria si sono basati principalmente sul un protocollo ‘trial and error’ tramite colloquio, osservazione clinica e analisi di laboratorio costituivano esclusivamente un complemento per valutare possibili effetti collaterali o i livelli plasmatici di alcuni farmaci. L’introduzione di test di farmacogenetica consente di fornire al clinico informazioni costitutive dell’individuo relativamente al metabolismo di molti farmaci e la potenziale risposta in determinati contesti clinici al fine di ridurre i tempi ottenimento del trattamento efficace personalizzato e arricchire con le più recenti informazioni genetiche la gestione terapeutica dei pazienti.
OBIETTIVI FORMATIVI
Introdurre i principi scientifici alla base del test genetico che si presenterà durante il corso, il significato, la funzione e la rilevanza clinica per la salute mentale di ciascun gene indagato dal test;
L’utilità clinica del test Genecept: presentare come vengono riportati i risultati del test e come meglio interpretarli;
Presentare alcuni casi clinici reali per discutere circa l’utilità di un trattamento farmacologico guidato dai risultati del test genetico rispetto all’approccio tradizionale ‘trial and error’
Cebers AZD BACE1 SAD-MAD JAD 2017r
AZD3293 is a novel BACE1 inhibitor being developed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This document reports results from two Phase I clinical trials of AZD3293. The first was a single ascending dose study that evaluated doses from 1-750 mg in healthy young and elderly subjects and assessed food effects. The second was a multiple ascending dose study that administered AZD3293 at doses of 15-150 mg once daily or 70 mg once weekly for 2 weeks to elderly healthy subjects and patients with mild-moderate Alzheimer's disease. AZD3293 was generally well tolerated. Pharmacokinetic results showed dose-dependent increases in drug levels and half-lives of 16-21 hours. AZD3293 significantly reduced
REVIEWpublished 24 June 2015doi 10.3389fnhum.2015.003.docx
REVIEW
published: 24 June 2015
doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00359
Pathophysiology of ADHD and
associated problems—starting points
for NF interventions?
Björn Albrecht*, Henrik Uebel-von Sandersleben, Holger Gevensleben and
Aribert Rothenberger
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Edited by:
Martijn Arns,
Research Institute Brainclinics,
Netherlands
Reviewed by:
Roumen Kirov,
Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian
Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
Leon Kenemans,
Utrecht University, Netherlands
*Correspondence:
Björn Albrecht,
Department of Child and Adolescent
Psychiatry, University Medical Center
Göttingen, von Siebold Straße 5,
37075 Göttingen, Germany
[email protected]
Received: 06 October 2014
Accepted: 02 June 2015
Published: 24 June 2015
Citation:
Albrecht B, Uebel-von Sandersleben
H, Gevensleben H and Rothenberger
A (2015) Pathophysiology of ADHD
and associated problems—starting
points for NF interventions?
Front. Hum. Neurosci. 9:359.
doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00359
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by severe and
age-inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. ADHD is a
heterogeneous disorder, and the majority of patients show comorbid or associated
problems from other psychiatric disorders. Also, ADHD is associated with cognitive and
motivational problems as well as resting-state abnormalities, associated with impaired
brain activity in distinct neuronal networks. This needs to be considered in a multimodal
treatment, of which neurofeedback (NF) may be a promising component. During NF,
specific brain activity is fed-back using visual or auditory signals, allowing the participants
to gain control over these otherwise unaware neuronal processes. NF may be used
to directly improve underlying neuronal deficits, and/or to establish more general self-
regulatory skills that may be used to compensate behavioral difficulties. The current
manuscript describes pathophysiological characteristics of ADHD, heterogeneity of
ADHD subtypes and gender differences, as well as frequently associated behavioral
problems such as oppositional defiant/conduct or tic disorder. It is discussed how NF
may be helpful as a treatment approach within these contexts.
Keywords: Neurofeedback (NF), ADHD, ODD/CD, tic disorder, comorbidity, children, neurobiology
Introduction
Difficulties with Inattention or Hyperactivity and Impulsivity as the core symptoms of Attention
deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are a frequent psychosocial burden. With an early onset
during childhood, ADHD is often persisting throughout life. It is a heterogeneous disorder, and a
challenge to treat. In light of this heterogeneity, the most promising treatment approach should
be multimodal in nature (Taylor et al., 2004; Swanson et al., 2008). Pharmacological interventions
particularly with stimulants such as methylphenidate and amphetamine sulfate, as well as non-
s.
New treatment trends in alzheimer disease
This document summarizes new treatment trends in Alzheimer's disease. It discusses current treatments for mild-moderate Alzheimer's like donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine which are cholinesterase inhibitors. Memantine is used for more severe Alzheimer's as an NMDA receptor antagonist. Experimental therapies discussed include vaccines, secretase inhibitors, and stem cell therapy. Lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, and social support are also reviewed for prevention and management of Alzheimer's symptoms.
Hans Jürgen-Current situation and future perspetives of antipsychotics in sch...
Hans Jürgen-Current situation and future perspetives of antipsychotics in sch...Fundación Ramón Areces
'Psiquiatría: situación actual y perspectivas de futuro'. Este es el título del simposio internacional que organizamos el 16 de junio de 2016 en la Fundación Ramón Areces con las fundaciones Juan José López-Ibor y Lilly en homenaje al doctor Juan José López-Ibor, fallecido en enero de 2015. Durante esta jornada, expertos internacionales abordaráon la profunda crisis que atraviesa la psiquiatría como disciplina científica y especialidad médica. Además, a las 19.00 horas, se presentará el libro con el mismo título del simposio, también en recuerdo del doctor López-Ibor. Neurodegenerative diseases
The document summarizes information about neurodegenerative diseases. It discusses several major neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and ischemic brain damage. For each disease, it describes the etiology, signs and symptoms, pathophysiology, and pharmacotherapy options. Common causes and mechanisms like protein misfolding and aggregation, excitotoxicity, apoptosis, and oxidative stress are also summarized. The document concludes by mentioning recent updates in treatment using natural compounds and gene therapy approaches.
Abilify Long Acting Injectable in Patients with Schizoaffective Disorder
This study evaluated the tolerability and effectiveness of aripiprazole long-acting injectable (LAI) in 18 outpatients with schizoaffective disorder. Patients received monthly injections of 400mg aripiprazole LAI for 6 months. Effectiveness was measured using PANSS and CGI-S scales, showing statistically significant improvements. Tolerability was good, with weight gain and akathisia reported as adverse effects in a small number of patients. While limited by sample size, the study provides preliminary evidence that aripiprazole LAI may be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for schizoaffective disorder. A larger randomized controlled trial is needed.
Parkinson's disease
This document provides an overview of Parkinson's disease including its pathology, risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, staging, and management. Parkinson's is a progressive degenerative CNS disorder characterized by tremors, rigidity, and slowed movement. It results from degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. Management involves pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches, with pharmacotherapy including levodopa, MAO-B inhibitors, dopamine agonists, and other drugs to manage motor and non-motor symptoms. Newer treatments under investigation include gene therapy and stem cell transplantation.
Schizophrenia Research Forum Live Webinar - June 28, 2017 - Rusty Gage
1) The document describes a study using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from bipolar disorder (BD) patients to model the disease in vitro.
2) Hippocampal dentate gyrus-like neurons were differentiated from iPSCs and showed hyper-excitability at both the molecular and functional levels in BD-derived neurons.
3) Treatment with lithium rescued the hyper-excitability phenotype in neurons derived from lithium-responsive BD patients but not lithium non-responsive patients, suggesting patient-specific responses.
Addex Corporate Presentation November 2011
Addex Pharmaceuticals presents information on its allosteric modulator drug discovery platform and pipeline of candidates for central nervous system, metabolic, and inflammatory disorders. Key points include:
- Cash reserves sufficient to fund operations into early 2013 and a market capitalization of CHF65 million as of November 2010.
- Lead candidate ADX48621, a negative allosteric modulator of mGluR5, showed promise in Parkinson's disease models and was advancing to Phase II trials for levodopa-induced dyskinesia and dystonia.
- Partnerships with major pharmaceutical companies have generated over CHF40 million to date and potential future milestones and royalties of up to $1
Hanipsych, novel anti psychotics
Aripiprazole is a novel antipsychotic that acts as a partial agonist at dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT1A receptors and as an antagonist at 5-HT2A receptors. This combination of actions helps stabilize dopamine neurotransmission and provides benefits over previous antipsychotics. Studies show aripiprazole has efficacy against positive and negative symptoms with minimal risk of extrapyramidal side effects, prolactin elevation, weight gain, and long-term health consequences compared to other antipsychotics.
The utility of psychotropic drugs on patients with fetal alcohol spectrum dis...
The utility of psychotropic drugs on patients with fetal alcohol spectrum dis...BARRY STANLEY 2 fasd
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Treatment of the complications arising from Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (PAE) has largely been focused on psychosocial and environmental approaches. Research on the
use of medications, especially psychotropic medications, has lagged behind.
OBJECTIVES: This systematic review sought to investigate psychotropic medication related findings and outcomes in those diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD).
METHODS: Comprehensive searches were conducted in seven major databases (Medline/
PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and
PsycARTICLES) up to February 2017. Key search terms with synonyms were mapped on these databases. There were no timeline restrictions and no grey literature searches. Two reviewers
independently assessed 25 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were reviews of treatment and retrospective case series.
RESULTS: Two crossover randomized trials were reported, and the findings were not amenable to meta-analysis. Several conditions (depression, agitation, seizures, and outburst) combined with the most frequent presentation, ADHD, to represent the rationale for prescribing psychotropic medications. Second-generation antipsychotics were found to improve social skills, but the paucity of data limited the extent of clinical guidance necessary for the field.
CONCLUSIONS: The systematic review showed that there are some clinical evidence displaying
the validity of psychopharmacological interventions in people with FASD, which varies across the spectrum of disease severity, age, and gender. There is a need for more clinical evidencebased studies in addition to clinical expert opinions to substantiate an optimal ground for individualized management of FASD.
The study protocol for this review was registered in PROSPERO with registration number
CRD42016045703Scientifi c Journal of Depression & Anxiety
Depression as one of the most prevalent and life-threatening
forms of mental illness affects about 1/5 of the world’s population [1], and the number of patients suffering from it is still increasing [2]. The understanding of the pathophysiology and the treatment of this disorder remains greatly challenging to modern medicine. Though many different antidepressants were commercially available during the past years, not all patients were treated satisfactorily accompanied with some potential side effects of these drugs [3,4]. Th is highlights the imperative to the continuous search for new alternatives for the treatment of depression [5,6]. Some recent studies documented that some specific molecules such as chrysin [6], oxytocin [7], P11 [8], and OTX2 [9] are closely related to depression/depression-like behaviors, which suggests potentially important roles of these molecules in the treatment of depression.
Scientific Journal of Depression & Anxiety
Depression as one of the most prevalent and life-threatening
forms of mental illness affects about 1/5 of the world’s population [1], and the number of patients suffering from it is still increasing [2]. Th e understanding of the pathophysiology and the treatment of this disorder remains greatly challenging to modern medicine.
Impact of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 Genetic Polymorphism on Combined Cholinesterase I...
This document summarizes a study that examined the impact of genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 enzymes on plasma concentrations and treatment outcomes of donepezil monotherapy and combination therapy with memantine in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. The study recruited 38 patients on donepezil monotherapy and 17 patients on combination therapy of donepezil and memantine. Genetic testing was performed to identify polymorphisms in CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 genes and plasma drug levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Significant allele frequencies were observed for certain CYP2D6 polymorphisms in both treatment groups. The study concluded that CYP2D6
Similar to 5-HT6 antagonist/D2 partial agonist targeting behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (20)
Novel ligands acting as SERT blockers and dopamine D2 receptor partial agonis...
Novel ligands acting as SERT blockers and dopamine D2 receptor partial agonis...
20180202 3 j. lombard genomind milan relazione part 2 to pub.pptx
20180202 3 j. lombard genomind milan relazione part 2 to pub.pptx
REVIEWpublished 24 June 2015doi 10.3389fnhum.2015.003.docx
REVIEWpublished 24 June 2015doi 10.3389fnhum.2015.003.docx
Hans Jürgen-Current situation and future perspetives of antipsychotics in sch...
Hans Jürgen-Current situation and future perspetives of antipsychotics in sch...
Abilify Long Acting Injectable in Patients with Schizoaffective Disorder
Abilify Long Acting Injectable in Patients with Schizoaffective Disorder
Schizophrenia Research Forum Live Webinar - June 28, 2017 - Rusty Gage
Schizophrenia Research Forum Live Webinar - June 28, 2017 - Rusty Gage
The utility of psychotropic drugs on patients with fetal alcohol spectrum dis...
The utility of psychotropic drugs on patients with fetal alcohol spectrum dis...
Impact of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 Genetic Polymorphism on Combined Cholinesterase I...
Impact of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 Genetic Polymorphism on Combined Cholinesterase I...
Recently uploaded
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.Alternate Wetting and Drying - Climate Smart Agriculture
Alternate Wetting and Drying - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Alternate Wetting and Drying presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024. JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
Storagedeteriorationisanyformoflossinquantityandqualityofbio-materials.
Themajorcausesofdeteriorationinstorage
•Physical
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Chemical
Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
Itisadvisabletostartstoragewithqualityfoodproduct.Productwithinitialpoorqualityquicklydepreciates
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
Calcium gluconate
Complexometric Titration/ chelatometry titration/chelating titration, introduction, Types-
1.Direct Titration
2.Back Titration
3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
Visual Technique,PM indicators (metallochromic), Indicators of pH, Redox Indicators
Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...ABHISHEK SONI NIMT INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND PARAMEDCIAL SCIENCES , GOVT PG COLLEGE NOIDA
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Methods of grain storage Structures in India.pdf
•Post-harvestlossesaccountforabout10%oftotalfoodgrainsduetounscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,
•Totalfoodgrainproductioninindiais311milliontonnesandstorageis145mt.InIndia,annualstoragelosseshavebeenestimated14mtworthofRs.7,000croreinwhichinsectsaloneaccountfornearlyRs.1,300crores.
•InIndiaoutofthetotalproduction,about30%ismarketablesurplus
•Remaining70%isretainedandstoredbyfarmersforconsumption,seed,feed.Hence,growerneedstoragefacilitytoholdaportionofproducetosellwhenthemarketingpriceisfavourable
•TradersandCo-operativesatmarketcentresneedstoragestructurestoholdgrainswhenthetransportfacilityisinadequate
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5-HT6 antagonist/D2 partial agonist targeting behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia
- 1. Novel 5-HT6 receptor antagonists/ D2 receptor partial agonists targeting behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) Monika Marcinkowska,1 Adam Bucki,1 Maciej Pawłowski,1 Anna Wesołowska,1Paweł Mierzejewski,2 Przemysław Bieńkowski2 and Marcin Kołaczkowski1,3 1Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Cracow, Poland; 2Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland 3Adamed Ltd., Pieńków, Poland monika.marcinkowska@uj.edu.pl ,marcin.kolaczkowski@uj.edu.pl
- 2. Dementia is much more than forgetting… The risk of BPSD in dementia patients approaches 90%1 Behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) Cognitive decline Social withdrawal Agitation Aggression Psychosis Anxiety Depression [1] Iwasaki, K.; Satoh-Nakagawa, T. et al. J. Clin Psychiatry 2005, 66, 248-252
- 3. Current therapeutic strategies are far from ideal… • Behavioral symptoms are treated off label with atypical antypsychotics However: • This therapy displays only modest efficacy, • Cause further cognitive decline and serious side effects Cognitive decline Behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) Cognitive decline There is a need for a more effective and safe therapy, dedicated for BPSD
- 4. Molecular targets 5-HT6 antagonists2 + Procognitive effects in humans + Moderate antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in animals D2 partial agonists3 + Promising anxiolyticantidepressant activity antipsychoticantiparkinsonian effects - No procognitive effects in dementia patients Multimodal approach may combine the strengths of both groups + Enhancement of antidepressant and anxiolytic activity – proven synergy in animal models + Introduction of pro-cognitive effect [2] Wesołowska, A., Pharmacol Rep, 2010, 62, 564-577 [3] Burda, K. et al Pharmacol Rep. 2011, 63, 898-907
- 5. Design of innovative hybrid molecules 5-HT6 receptor antagonist D2 receptor partial agonist SB-271046 Aripiprazole ‘Merged’ pharmacophores resulting in dually acting 5-HT6/ D2 hybrid molecule 5-HT6 fragment D2 fragment
- 6. Library of hybrid molecules 5-HT6 fragment D2 fragment n = 1, 2
- 7. In vitro assays 5-HT6 fragment D2 fragment
- 8. Compound 14 is the most promising 4 Target pKi pEC50 (ago) pKB (anta) 5-HT6 9.52 - 8.77 D2 8.49 7.51 8.59 5-HT1A 8.41 - 7.55 M3 ~5 - - H1 ~7 - - hERG ~5 - - [4] The series was protected by a world patent application WO13_001499 In vitro profile of 14 Affinity for targets that improve cognition and mood 5-HT6, D2, 5-HT1A Negligible affinity for targets associated with side-effects H1, M1, hERG
- 9. In vivo activity Test procedures Compound 14 SB-271046 Aripiprazole MED mg/kg ANTIDEPRESANT ACTIVITY: Porsolt's forced swim test in rats 1 10 3 Saccharin Self-Administration in rats 1 - - ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY: Vogel's conflict drinking test in rats 1 3 10 Elevated plus maze test in rats 0.03 10 3 Compound 14 shows significant improvement of antidepressant and anxiolytic activity in rats, comparing to selective 5-HT6 antagonist or D2 partial agonist.
- 10. Summary • We designed a library of hybrid molecules acting as 5-HT6 antagonists/D2 partial agonists • Compound 14 shows significant antidepressant and anxiolytic activity in rats, which makes it suitable for further evaluation regarding BPSD
- 11. You can download my presentation on your phone