XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO A. Hafner - MULTIPACK: INTEGRATED COOLING AND HEATING PACKAGES FOR COMMERCIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS WITH CO2 AS REFRIGERANT

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The document announces the Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference that will take place in Milano, Italy on June 9-10, 2017. It will focus on innovations and advances in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, including new evaporator technologies and the thermodynamic processes involved in refrigeration cycles. The conference aims to bring together international experts in the field to discuss the latest developments.

Technology

Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
LT Evaporators

Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
Entropy, [kJ/kg K]
Temperature[°C]
Compressor
Gas
Cooler
Int. Heat
Exchanger
Throttle
Valve
Evaporator
Receiver
1
2
3
4
5
6
p=
150bar
p=20bar
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2
5
4
3
6
1
2

This document summarizes research being conducted on flammable refrigerants. It discusses ASHRAE standards 34 and 15 which classify and set safety limits for refrigerants. New low global warming potential refrigerants that are mildly flammable require updates to these standards. Seven research projects funded by ASHRAE, DOE, and AHRTI aim to provide data to support revising standards to safely allow use of these alternative refrigerants. The research includes risk assessments of ignition events, guidelines for safe handling, leak and ignition testing, and determining appropriate charge limits. The goal is completing revisions to ASHRAE 15 by end of 2017 to include these alternative refrigerants.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO B. Bella - LONG TERM SOLUTION FOR COMMERCIAL REFRIGERAT...

Centro Studi Galileo

This document summarizes a presentation given at the XVII European Conference on refrigeration and air conditioning technology in Milan. The presentation discussed the latest developments in scroll compressor technology to support low global warming potential refrigerants with GWP below 150, which are being mandated by legislation. It provided details on various refrigerant candidates and their properties. Test results showed that while some alternatives like R290 and R454C had slightly lower capacity and higher discharge temperatures than R404A, their COP was higher or comparable. The use of low-GWP refrigerants also requires addressing flammability risks and compliance with new safety standards.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO A. Voigt - THE HEATING, COOLING AND VENTILATION INDUSTR...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document discusses the EU energy efficiency rules and their impact on manufacturers. It provides background on EPEE, an organization representing manufacturers in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump industry. It then outlines the context of increasing energy dependency in Europe and the role of heating and cooling technologies in reducing it. A major focus of the EU's approach is the Ecodesign directive which sets minimum energy performance standards for products, in turn triggering technology innovation. Significant energy savings are expected if the right balance of ambitious but realistic standards are set and enforced through market surveillance.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO M. Ascani - INDUSTRIALIZATION AND PATH TO COMMERCIALIZA...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document discusses Cold Energy, a company developing an energy efficiency kit for refrigeration and air conditioning systems. The kit introduces a turbocharger and two heat exchangers to a conventional refrigeration cycle to recover energy and reduce energy usage. Prototypes are being tested and the product is planned to be commercialized for low-temperature applications from 2019-2021 before expanding to medium- and high-temperature sectors. The document outlines Cold Energy's technology, development timeline, market approach, and integration of the kit into refrigeration systems with minimal interface requirements.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO - N. Achaichia ECO-EFFICIENCY COMPARISON OF SUPERMARKET...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document summarizes a presentation on comparing the eco-efficiency of different refrigeration architectures for supermarkets. It describes the environmental metrics, architectures, assumptions, and results considered in the analysis. The analysis found that R407F, R448A, and cascade R1234ze/R744 systems provided environmental benefits of 30-53% compared to R404A baseline, with some architectures having lower operating costs per ton of CO2 removed. R744 systems provided benefits of 49-54% but higher costs of €80-100 per ton removed.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO M. Creamer - EUROPEAN F-GAS TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT: QU...

Centro Studi Galileo

This document provides an overview and summary of the latest technology in refrigeration and air conditioning that was presented at the 17th European Conference in Milano, Italy on June 9-10, 2017. Key topics discussed include revisions to EU regulations on F gas assessments, refrigerant overviews and selection considerations, concerns regarding practical training requirements, and safety protocols for recovering A2L refrigerants.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO J. Gerstel - LOW GWP REPLACEMENTS FOR R-404A IN A COMME...

Centro Studi Galileo

This document summarizes a presentation on very low GWP refrigerant replacements for R-404A. It introduces two new refrigerants from Chemours, R-454A and R-454C, which have GWPs below 250. Thermodynamic cycle analysis shows their COP is similar to or better than R-404A. Drop-in testing in a commercial freezer found their energy consumption to be within 3-8% of R-404A. Both refrigerants showed comparable material compatibility and higher allowable charge sizes than lower GWP alternatives like propane. The presentation concludes that R-454A and R-454C are very low GWP replacements for R-404A that demonstrate promising properties and performance.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO C. Malvicino - AUTOMOTIVE AIR CONDITIONING TECHNOLOGY S...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document discusses air conditioning technology and regulations for vehicles. It notes that vehicles are required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30% in the next 5 years. Thermal systems present opportunities to improve vehicle efficiency by integrating them properly and enabling new functions. Regulations have banned high global warming potential refrigerants above 150 from new passenger cars in Europe since 2017. Dual loop cooling systems and other thermal system concepts could help meet efficiency and emissions targets while providing passenger comfort.

1) The document describes NIDEA, a new intelligent defrost control device that optimizes defrost cycles for refrigeration systems. 2) Traditional defrost controls operate on fixed time intervals, but NIDEA uses sensors and algorithms to determine the optimal timing for defrost based on operating conditions. 3) A field test found that NIDEA performed defrosts less frequently than traditional controls, resulting in 24% lower total energy consumption and costs savings of over 20% per month.

XVI CONVEGNO EUROPEO T. Ferrarese - High efficiency solution for plugin water...

Centro Studi Galileo

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO E. Albera - NEW VARIABLE SPEED COMPRESSORS FOR HOUSEHOL...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document discusses technologies presented at the Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning conference in Milan. It includes topics like new variable speed compressors for household and light commercial refrigeration, how appliance manufacturers can meet EU energy standards, options for low global warming potential refrigeration systems, and Embraco's new line of VES fullmotion compressors which provide increased efficiency and flexibility over traditional on/off compressors. Hydrocarbons are presented as the most sustainable refrigerant choice for the future.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO M. Buoni - THE USE OF ALTERNATIVE REFRIGERANTS, TRAININ...

Centro Studi Galileo

1) Training and certification programs for technicians need to be updated to include alternative refrigerants like hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, and ammonia as countries shift away from high global warming potential refrigerants. 2) While there are over 40 training centers in the EU that offer training on alternative refrigerants, training availability and facilities are uneven across Europe. 3) AREA has developed guidelines on minimum training requirements for contractors and equipment handling low global warming potential refrigerants to help with the transition.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO D. Coulomb - INTRODUCTION

Centro Studi Galileo

The document summarizes the topics that will be covered during presentations at the Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning conference in Milan on June 9-10, 2017. The three topics are: 1) how to apply F-gas regulations and ongoing actions to reduce gases, 2) challenges and solutions for cold chains internationally from political and technical perspectives, and 3) opportunities for renewable energy in cooling due to regulations and new technologies in refrigeration and air conditioning.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO R. Sandano - HIGH EFFICIENCY TECHNOLOGY FOR PROCESS COO...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document summarizes Roberto Sandano's presentation at the XVII European Conference on Refrigeration and Air Conditioning in Milan on June 9-10, 2017. Sandano's presentation discussed how high efficiency technologies for process cooling can significantly contribute to green manufacturing. Specifically, the presentation analyzed how technologies for process temperature control, compressed air treatment, and data management could help reduce energy consumption in manufacturing plants by up to 15% and turn operations more environmentally friendly.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO A. Muresan - LARGE TRANSCRITICAL CO2 COMPRESSOR

Centro Studi Galileo

The document discusses the development of large transcritical CO2 compressors for refrigeration and air conditioning applications requiring big cooling capacities. It describes Dorin's development of a new 6-cylinder CO2 compressor ranging from 39.8 to 98.5 m3/h displacement and 50 to 80 HP. Test results show improved volumetric and isentropic efficiencies, lower discharge temperatures, and optimized dimensions. The first units of the new CD500 compressor range have demonstrated extremely quiet and smooth operation in the field.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO D. Agostini - R744 REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS MULTI EJECTORS...

Centro Studi Galileo

- The document discusses R744 refrigerating systems with multi ejectors. It describes a company called Frigo Consulting that specializes in CO2 refrigeration and has implemented multi-ejector systems for several supermarket refrigeration projects. - The multi-ejector systems have achieved efficiency increases of 15-25% compared to traditional booster systems with parallel compression through the use of liquid and vapor ejectors as well as heat exchanger improvements. Case studies on implemented systems in Switzerland and Romania show energy savings of 23-30%.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO C. Zilio - HEAT EXCHANGER OPTIMISATION USING ZEOTROPIC ...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document summarizes a study comparing the performance of refrigerant R455A as a replacement for R404A in finned coil condensers. Thermodynamic and heat transfer simulations show that R455A has a 28% higher latent heat of condensation, allowing for lower refrigerant flow rates. Modeling of a sample finned coil condenser indicates that when R404A and R455A are operated to provide the same heat duty, R455A achieves this at a lower average saturation temperature. The analysis suggests R455A can be a viable drop-in replacement for R404A in finned coil condensers if circuit layouts account for R455A's temperature glide effect.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO S. Minetto - SUPERSMART: ENERGY EFFICIENT SUPERMARKETS ...

Centro Studi Galileo

The SuperSmart project aims to promote more energy efficient cooling and heating solutions in European food retail stores. It has three main objectives: 1) Remove non-technological barriers to efficient solutions, 2) Raise expertise among technical and non-technical staff through training, and 3) Support a new EU Ecolabel for food retail stores by developing draft criteria. The project will develop training materials, educate through training sessions, and make proposals for criteria for an EU Ecolabel to recognize more sustainable food retail stores.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO T. Funder-Kristensen - REFRIGERATION PLANTS AS BENEFICI...

Centro Studi Galileo

Thermal networks that connect supermarket refrigeration systems to district heating grids can significantly expand the energy scope of supermarkets. By integrating photovoltaic electricity generation and utilizing waste heat from refrigeration, supermarkets can export flexibility in electricity consumption and thermal energy conversion to storage and distribution networks. Unused compressor capacity in supermarket refrigeration systems, which is typically around 70%, represents an opportunity to absorb and distribute limitless thermal energy to external district heating networks.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO P. De Larminat - LOWER GWP FLUIDS FOR AIR CONDITIONING

Centro Studi Galileo

The document discusses alternatives to commonly used refrigerants like R-134a and R-410A that have lower global warming potential. It analyzes various alternative refrigerant blends, comparing their compositions, properties like critical temperature and pressure, flammability, and global warming potential. The alternatives to R-134a and R-123 tend to be blends that behave similarly to azeotropes with little temperature glide, while alternatives to R-410A and R-22 are zeotropic blends with higher temperature glide between components. Performance comparisons of the alternatives are made based on cooling capacity and energy efficiency relative to the baseline refrigerants.

XVI CONVEGNO EUROPEO P. W. Egolf - Magnetic refrigeration and standardization

Centro Studi Galileo

XVI CONVEGNO EUROPEO N. Achaichia - Low GWP chillers deevelopment

Centro Studi Galileo

XVI CONVEGNO EUROPEO M. Zgliczynski - F-Gases EU Regulation: R404A replacemen...

Centro Studi Galileo

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO D. Coulomb - THE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE: CHALLENGES AND SO...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document discusses the latest technology in air conditioning and refrigeration. It summarizes the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR), which promotes refrigeration knowledge and technologies. The IIR hosts conferences and working groups, publishes journals, and prepares standards. Refrigeration is important for food safety, comfort, health, and various industries. There is increasing need for refrigeration and air conditioning in developing countries as populations grow and urbanize. However, this increasing use also means greater environmental impacts from energy use and refrigerants. The Kigali amendment aims to phase down hydrofluorocarbons to mitigate climate change impacts. Challenges and solutions involve financial initiatives, regulations, standards, research and development, and training to support

XVI CONVEGNO EUROPEO J. Gerstel - Results from supermarket system trial with ...

Centro Studi Galileo

XVI CONVEGNO EUROPEO P. W. Egolf - Unified theory of isothermal turbulent flo...

Centro Studi Galileo

XVI CONVEGNO EUROPEO M. Orlandi - COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION APPLICATION OF VAR...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document discusses the use of variable speed compressors and fans in commercial refrigeration applications to improve off-design efficiency. It notes that variable speed technologies allow systems to better adapt to actual operating conditions, where off-design performance accounts for most usage. Test results showed that variable speed cabinets and remote systems had improved temperature control and reduced energy consumption compared to fixed speed alternatives. The conclusion is that variable speed components break traditional design rules and allow for optimized sizing and energy usage across all operating conditions.

XVII CONVEGNO EUROPEO A. Kaschl - IMPLEMENTING THE EU PHASE DOWN

Centro Studi Galileo

The document summarizes the EU's phase-down of F-gases, or hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), under the F-gas Regulation to reduce emissions. It outlines that the regulation establishes an upstream quota system to reduce HFC imports and production in the EU by 80% by 2030 from a 2015 baseline. Companies must register and report HFC quantities and are issued annual quotas to place HFCs on the EU market. The goals of the phase-down are to stimulate innovation, support climate policy, and facilitate convergence with the Montreal Protocol, while emissions and consumption are already falling under the regulation.

Hermann Halozan - INSTITUTE OF THERMAL ENGINEERING - POMPE DI CALORE, RIDURRE...

Centro Studi Galileo

The document appears to be a presentation given at the XV European Conference on Latest Technologies in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning in Milano on June 6-7, 2013. The presentation discusses heat pumps and their role in reducing energy consumption and emissions. It notes that 80% of CO2 emissions in the EU are from energy consumption and that heat pumps can help achieve goals of using 20% less primary energy, reducing CO2 emissions by 20% and increasing the renewable energy share to 20%.

High efficiency technologies for process cooling: a significant contribution ...

CAREL Industries S.p.A

This document summarizes a presentation given by Roberto Sandano at the XVII European Conference on Refrigeration and Air Conditioning in Milan on June 9-10, 2017. The presentation discussed how process temperature control systems account for 11-16% of energy usage in manufacturing plants and how integrating high efficiency technologies from CAREL into compressed air treatment, process temperature control, and data management systems could help reduce overall energy consumption in manufacturing by up to 15%.

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