The document discusses the challenges for refrigerants currently and in the future. It notes that the F-Gas regulation is strongly influencing the refrigeration market through a phase down of average GWP levels and bans on some HFCs for certain sectors. By 2030, the average GWP will need to be reduced to 800. This will require the use of natural refrigerants like CO2, ammonia, and hydrocarbons as shorter term HFC replacements may not be available or the situation could become chaotic. CO2 transcritical systems are presented as a long term solution for supermarkets.
Optimizing Combustion - Transcending the "Flat Earth Era"Yokogawa1
Has combustion automation changed much since the advent of the distributed control system (DCS)? When automobile technology transitioned from carburetors to fuel injection, it brought a new standard of safe, reliable, clean, efficient performance. However, other than widespread adoption of NFPA codes, operation of fired assets such as heaters, furnaces, ethane crackers, and steam methane reformers really hasn’t changed much in decades. Imprecise, inaccurate, and often corrupted process data conspires to leave operators with sloppy control loops and ambiguities, which lead to questions such as:
• Do I really know that my purge is complete?
• What are my ideal set points?
• Can I truly trust the data on my screen?
• How close to ideal can I safely run?
• How do I know when I’m operating dangerously?
• When I get in trouble, is a trip my only recourse?
These uncertainties can produce inconsistent decisions and, in turn, unnecessary fuel consumption, non-optimal process throughput, excessive emissions, accelerated aging of assets, increased maintenance, and, most importantly, safety compromises.
It doesn’t have to be like this; there’s a better way to combust. With its initial founding derived from the recommendations of IEC 556, Yokogawa has re-drawn the limits of safe, efficient, clean combustion. Through the proven path of CombustionONE, Yokogawa welcomes all fired asset operators to explore beyond the "Flat Earth Era" of combustion automation.
In this presentation at the Tire Technology Expo and Conference 2023, 5 mega topics for recovered carbon black are discussed, the history of carbon black and recovered carbon black, the recovered carbon black industry scale up, specifications and norms for recovered carbon black, recovered carbon black composition, green credentials for recovered carbon black and last but not least the changing business paradigm in the recovered carbon black industry.
Katsunori Shibata talked about the new CO2 installations such as the recent one in Osaka and explained the performance of the booster system with four compressors, perfectly equipped for low temperature applications.
Optimizing Combustion - Transcending the "Flat Earth Era"Yokogawa1
Has combustion automation changed much since the advent of the distributed control system (DCS)? When automobile technology transitioned from carburetors to fuel injection, it brought a new standard of safe, reliable, clean, efficient performance. However, other than widespread adoption of NFPA codes, operation of fired assets such as heaters, furnaces, ethane crackers, and steam methane reformers really hasn’t changed much in decades. Imprecise, inaccurate, and often corrupted process data conspires to leave operators with sloppy control loops and ambiguities, which lead to questions such as:
• Do I really know that my purge is complete?
• What are my ideal set points?
• Can I truly trust the data on my screen?
• How close to ideal can I safely run?
• How do I know when I’m operating dangerously?
• When I get in trouble, is a trip my only recourse?
These uncertainties can produce inconsistent decisions and, in turn, unnecessary fuel consumption, non-optimal process throughput, excessive emissions, accelerated aging of assets, increased maintenance, and, most importantly, safety compromises.
It doesn’t have to be like this; there’s a better way to combust. With its initial founding derived from the recommendations of IEC 556, Yokogawa has re-drawn the limits of safe, efficient, clean combustion. Through the proven path of CombustionONE, Yokogawa welcomes all fired asset operators to explore beyond the "Flat Earth Era" of combustion automation.
In this presentation at the Tire Technology Expo and Conference 2023, 5 mega topics for recovered carbon black are discussed, the history of carbon black and recovered carbon black, the recovered carbon black industry scale up, specifications and norms for recovered carbon black, recovered carbon black composition, green credentials for recovered carbon black and last but not least the changing business paradigm in the recovered carbon black industry.
Katsunori Shibata talked about the new CO2 installations such as the recent one in Osaka and explained the performance of the booster system with four compressors, perfectly equipped for low temperature applications.
Describing the opportunity for a Zero GWP chilling solution and the added value of a plug and play chiller solution this presentation demonstrates the practical application of a novel approach to cooling.
Congres F-gassen 2015. Workshop 8: Scroll CO2, bied veel meer dan alleen een ...RCCKL
Gábor Böszörményi en Jack Quadflieg van Emerson gaan in op Scroll CO2, een ideale keuze voor lage temperatuur Cascade en Boostersysteem.
Met de combinatie digitale scroll ZBD en ZB range voor medium temperatuur en ZO scroll compressoren voor CO2 subkritische lage temperatuur heeft Copeland een betrouwbaar en volledig productportfolio te bieden dat al zeer succesvol is toegepast. Met een case study laten we zien hoe en waar Scolls CO2 zijn ingezet en welke voor- en nadelen het biedt in vergelijk met de traditionele CO2 oplossingen.
Het gebruik van (digitale)scroll in cascade systemen helpt klanten en eindgebruikers de extra investeringskosten met R134a en R744 vergeleken met Standard HFK's te neutraliseren. Significante kostenbesparingen kunnen gerealiseerd worden in vergelijking met Cascade systemen op basis van semihermetische oplossingen met inverters. Het compacte ontwerp van de scroll minimaliseert de vloeroppervlakte van de machinekamer. Daarom is dit een ideale keuze voor kleine retail toepassingen. Bovendien, samen met de Stream compressoren voor transkritische CO2 toepassingen, biedt de ZO(D) scroll vele mogelijkheden om de grootte van de booster systemen te verminderen en de investeringskosten te beperken. Digitale scroll technologie (10-100% modulatie) kan worden ingezet om de hoge kosten van inverter technologie te reduceren, resulterend in een aanzienlijke kostenbesparingterwijl de efficiency van het apparatuur gewaarborgd wordt.
Lees alles over F-gassen op http://www.koudeenluchtbehandeling.nl/f-gassen-dossier
European Regulation about Fgas and alternative refrigerants - Regolamentazione Europea gas fluorurati e refrigeranti alternativi (sintetici e naturali)
Presentation on Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) delivered by Brandon Milar of MeadWestvaco at the CalAPA joint industry-agency Technical Committee meeting Dec. 10, 2014 in San Diego.
Stay in Business - Stop installing R-404A / R-507AAaron P. Gerber
The massive HFC phase-down step in 2018 and the Global Warming Potential (GWP) limit of 2500 in 2020 do not leave you any choice:
If you want to stay in business,
you have to stop installing
R-404A / R-507A - NOW!
Oils and their relationship to refrigeration systems -RETA conference 2015Manuel Muñoz Alonso
These are the slides of the technical paper presented in the RETA Conference 2015 (www.reta.com), used during my lecture. A good review of the latest lubricant technology available for natural refrigerants.
Estas son las transparencias utilizadas en el Congreso anual de RETA (www.reta.com) durante mi presentación. Un buen resumen de las úlitimas tenologías de lubricantes disponibles para los refrigerantes naturales.
BueScape & MIRATECH EPA RICE NESHAP the Meter is Running Webinar 4-08-14BlueScape
This webinar by James Westbrook of BlueScape and Scott McBryde of MIRATECH provides an update on the compliance requirements of the RICE NESHAP, 40 CFR 63 Subpart ZZZZ as applied to stationary compression ignition and spark-ignited reciprocating internal combustion (RICE) engines located at industrial facilities, including major and area sources of hazardous air pollutants. The goal of the webinar is to help companies understand where their engines fit with the regulation, and identify possible compliance alternatives. For more information, Mr. Westbrook can be reached at 877-486-9257 or jwestbrook@bluescapeinc.com, and Mr. McBryde can be reached at 909-821-0039 or smbryde@miratechcorp.com. Also see www.bluescapeinc.com and miratechcorp.com.
Case study of conversion from HCFC to hydrocarbons of the campus of the University of Technology of Jamaica (Dr. Horace Nelson, University of Technology).
Evoluzione degli strumenti di misura: IoT, dispositivi smart, reportistica pa...Centro Studi Galileo
Convegno Europeo
IL PASSAGGIO AI REFRIGERANTI ALTERNATIVI:
IMPATTO SU IMPIANTI NUOVI ED ESISTENTI
Le Ultime Tecnologie nel Condizionamento e nella Refrigerazione; Sistemi, Attrezzatura, Componenti, Formazione e Certificazione; il Phase Down
15 marzo 2018 | 14.00 - 18.30
Mostra Convegno Expocomfort
Centro Congressi Stella Polare: Sala Sagittarius
Organizzato da ATF - Associazione Tecnici del Freddo
Convegno Europeo
IL PASSAGGIO AI REFRIGERANTI ALTERNATIVI:
IMPATTO SU IMPIANTI NUOVI ED ESISTENTI
Le Ultime Tecnologie nel Condizionamento e nella Refrigerazione; Sistemi, Attrezzatura, Componenti, Formazione e Certificazione; il Phase Down
15 marzo 2018 | 14.00 - 18.30
Mostra Convegno Expocomfort
Centro Congressi Stella Polare: Sala Sagittarius
Organizzato da ATF - Associazione Tecnici del Freddo
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Describing the opportunity for a Zero GWP chilling solution and the added value of a plug and play chiller solution this presentation demonstrates the practical application of a novel approach to cooling.
Congres F-gassen 2015. Workshop 8: Scroll CO2, bied veel meer dan alleen een ...RCCKL
Gábor Böszörményi en Jack Quadflieg van Emerson gaan in op Scroll CO2, een ideale keuze voor lage temperatuur Cascade en Boostersysteem.
Met de combinatie digitale scroll ZBD en ZB range voor medium temperatuur en ZO scroll compressoren voor CO2 subkritische lage temperatuur heeft Copeland een betrouwbaar en volledig productportfolio te bieden dat al zeer succesvol is toegepast. Met een case study laten we zien hoe en waar Scolls CO2 zijn ingezet en welke voor- en nadelen het biedt in vergelijk met de traditionele CO2 oplossingen.
Het gebruik van (digitale)scroll in cascade systemen helpt klanten en eindgebruikers de extra investeringskosten met R134a en R744 vergeleken met Standard HFK's te neutraliseren. Significante kostenbesparingen kunnen gerealiseerd worden in vergelijking met Cascade systemen op basis van semihermetische oplossingen met inverters. Het compacte ontwerp van de scroll minimaliseert de vloeroppervlakte van de machinekamer. Daarom is dit een ideale keuze voor kleine retail toepassingen. Bovendien, samen met de Stream compressoren voor transkritische CO2 toepassingen, biedt de ZO(D) scroll vele mogelijkheden om de grootte van de booster systemen te verminderen en de investeringskosten te beperken. Digitale scroll technologie (10-100% modulatie) kan worden ingezet om de hoge kosten van inverter technologie te reduceren, resulterend in een aanzienlijke kostenbesparingterwijl de efficiency van het apparatuur gewaarborgd wordt.
Lees alles over F-gassen op http://www.koudeenluchtbehandeling.nl/f-gassen-dossier
European Regulation about Fgas and alternative refrigerants - Regolamentazione Europea gas fluorurati e refrigeranti alternativi (sintetici e naturali)
Presentation on Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) delivered by Brandon Milar of MeadWestvaco at the CalAPA joint industry-agency Technical Committee meeting Dec. 10, 2014 in San Diego.
Stay in Business - Stop installing R-404A / R-507AAaron P. Gerber
The massive HFC phase-down step in 2018 and the Global Warming Potential (GWP) limit of 2500 in 2020 do not leave you any choice:
If you want to stay in business,
you have to stop installing
R-404A / R-507A - NOW!
Oils and their relationship to refrigeration systems -RETA conference 2015Manuel Muñoz Alonso
These are the slides of the technical paper presented in the RETA Conference 2015 (www.reta.com), used during my lecture. A good review of the latest lubricant technology available for natural refrigerants.
Estas son las transparencias utilizadas en el Congreso anual de RETA (www.reta.com) durante mi presentación. Un buen resumen de las úlitimas tenologías de lubricantes disponibles para los refrigerantes naturales.
BueScape & MIRATECH EPA RICE NESHAP the Meter is Running Webinar 4-08-14BlueScape
This webinar by James Westbrook of BlueScape and Scott McBryde of MIRATECH provides an update on the compliance requirements of the RICE NESHAP, 40 CFR 63 Subpart ZZZZ as applied to stationary compression ignition and spark-ignited reciprocating internal combustion (RICE) engines located at industrial facilities, including major and area sources of hazardous air pollutants. The goal of the webinar is to help companies understand where their engines fit with the regulation, and identify possible compliance alternatives. For more information, Mr. Westbrook can be reached at 877-486-9257 or jwestbrook@bluescapeinc.com, and Mr. McBryde can be reached at 909-821-0039 or smbryde@miratechcorp.com. Also see www.bluescapeinc.com and miratechcorp.com.
Case study of conversion from HCFC to hydrocarbons of the campus of the University of Technology of Jamaica (Dr. Horace Nelson, University of Technology).
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Organizzato da ATF - Associazione Tecnici del Freddo
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UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
2. CONTENUTI
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
1. INTRODUZIONE
2. REFRIGERANTI ATTUALMENTE IMPIEGATI
3. REFRIGERANTI DI FUTURO IMPIEGO
4. CONCLUSIONI
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
3. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
• DORIN S.P.A. - ANNO DI FONDAZIONE 1918 - CENTENARIO
• PRIMO COMPRESSORE PER CFC: 1932
• PRIMO COMPRESSORE SEMIERMETICO: 1952
• 3 SITI PRODUTTIVI IN ITALIA: QG - FIRENZE
• 1 SITO PRODUTTIVO IN CINA – SHANGHAI
• UFFICI DI VENDITA IN CINA, RUSSIA, INDIA
• 45 M€ FATTURATO 2018 (26 M€ - 2008)
4. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
CONTENUTI
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
1. INTRODUZIONE
2. REFRIGERANTI ATTUALMENTE IMPIEGATI
3. REFRIGERANTI DI FUTURO IMPIEGO
4. CONCLUSIONI
5. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
• REGOLAMENTO F-gas:
• FORTE INFLUENZA NEL MERCATO DELLA REFRIGERAZIONE
• DIVIETO DI IMPIEGO PER TALUNI HFC IN DETERMINATI SETTORI
• PROGRESSIVA DIMINUZIONE DEL GWP MEDIO (PHASE DOWN)
2015-2018:
GWP: RIDUZIONE DEL 38%
GWP MEDIO 2015 : 4000 (R404A)
GWP MEDIO 2018 : 2500 (…)
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
6. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
2015-2018: GWP - RIDUZIONE DEL 38%
• SCARSA DISPONIBILITA’ DEI REFRIGERANTI SINORA IMPIEGATI (R404A, R507, …)
• COSTI IN CRESCITA NON CONTROLLATA
• MANUTENZIONE VECCHI IMPIANTI ?
• COMMERCIALIZZAZIONE DI NUOVI REFRIGERANTI
• SITUAZIONE CAOTICA
• FREQUENTE PROLIFERARE DI NUOVE MISCELE: DROP IN ??
• IMPEGNI GRAVOSI PER I COSTRUTTORI DI COMPRESSORI
• TEST DI COMPATIBILITA’ CHIMICO-FISICA (TENUTE, GUARNIZIONI, …)
• TEST DI PRESTAZIONE
• DEFINIZIONE DI NUOVI DIAGRAMMI DI APPLICAZIONE
8. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
CONTENUTI
1. INTRODUZIONE
2. REFRIGERANTI ATTUALMENTE IMPIEGATI
3. REFRIGERANTI DI FUTURO IMPIEGO
4. CONCLUSIONI
9. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
REGOLAMENTO F-gas: 2018-2024:
GWP: RIDUZIONE DEL 70%
GWP MEDIO 2015 : 4000 (R404A)
GWP MEDIO 2018 : 1200
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
2025-2030:
GWP: RIDUZIONE DEL 80%
GWP MEDIO 2015 : 4000 (R404A)
GWP MEDIO 2030 : 800
10. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
2030: GWP MEDIO = 800
• SCARSA DISPONIBILITA’ DEI REFRIGERANTI USATI NEGLI ANNI PRECEDENTI
• SOLUZIONI DI BREVE - MEDIO TERMINE
• MANUTENZIONE IMPIANTI ESISTENTI ?
• COMMERCIALIZZAZIONE DI NUOVI REFRIGERANTI
• SITUAZIONE SEMPRE PIU’ CAOTICA
• IMPIEGO DI HFO E LORO MISCELE
• R1234ze: TN - A2L
• R454A - R454B - R454C: A2L
• DIRETTIVA MACCHINE DEFINISCE LIMITI DI CARICA
11. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
2030: GWP MEDIO = 800
• REFRIGERANTI NATURALI
• ANIDRIDE CARBONICA - CO2
• AMMONIACA - NH3
• IDROCARBURI - HC
• AD OGGI, UNICI REFRIGERANTI A PROVA DI LEGGE
• IMPONGONO TRAINING ADEGUATO E PERSONALE QUALIFICATO
• RAPPRESENTANO LA SCELTA DI LUNGO TERMINE PER NUMEROSI SETTORI
12. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
RAPPRESENTANO LA SCELTA DI LUNGO TERMINE PER NUMEROSI SETTORI
• SUPERMERCATI: CO2 TRANSCRITICA
13. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
SUPERMERCATI: CO2 TRANSCRITICA - CARREFOUR NICHELINO (TO)
340 kW TN - 66 kW BT
160 EVAPORATORI
RISCALDAMENTO CON RECUPERO CALORE
MASSIMA TEMPERATURA AMBIENTE - 40°C
14. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE
SUPERMERCATI: CO2 TRANSCRITICA - MASSIMA TEMPERATURE AMBIENTE
•SUPERMERCATO 150 kW TN - 30 kW BT : CONFRONTO COSTI ANNUI CO2 vs R404A
CO2: -22575 €
CO2 : -15547 €
CO2 : -15502 €
CO2 : -625 €
CO2 : -598 €
CO2 : -307 €
15. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
CONTENUTI
1. INTRODUZIONE
2. REFRIGERANTI ATTUALMENTE IMPIEGATI
3. REFRIGERANTI DI FUTURO IMPIEGO
4. CONCLUSIONI
16. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITEDGIACOMO PISANO
• REGOLAMENTO F-gas:
• FORTE INFLUENZA NEL MERCATO DELLA REFRIGERAZIONE
• DIVIETO DI IMPIEGO PER TALUNI HFC IN DETERMINATI SETTORI
• PROGRESSIVA DIMINUZIONE DEL GWP MEDIO (PHASE DOWN)
• 2018: GWP MEDIO 2500
• 2024: GWP MEDIO 1200
• 2030: GWP MEDIO 800
• PERICOLOSA PROLIFERAZIONE DI NUOVE MISCELE
• MANUTENIBILITA’ IMPIANTI A RISCHIO
• REFRIGERANTI NATURALI: SOLUZIONI DI LUNGO TERMINE
REFRIGERANTI: SFIDE ATTUALI E FUTURE