2a sessione

1. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
LARGE TRANSCRITICAL COLARGE TRANSCRITICAL CO22
COMPRESSOR FOR BIG COOLINGCOMPRESSOR FOR BIG COOLING
CAPACITIESCAPACITIES
Adrian MuresanAdrian Muresan
Application Engineer - Officine Mario Dorin S.p.A.Application Engineer - Officine Mario Dorin S.p.A.
Via Aretina 388, Compiobbi – Florence, ItalyVia Aretina 388, Compiobbi – Florence, Italy
a.muresan@dorin.coma.muresan@dorin.com

2. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
List of ContentsList of Contents
1. Introduction1. Introduction
2. CO2. CO22 in the cold chain industry –in the cold chain industry – advantagesadvantages
3. State of the art3. State of the art
4. Development of a large transcritical CO4. Development of a large transcritical CO22 compressor for big cooling capacitiescompressor for big cooling capacities
5. Conclusions and further developments5. Conclusions and further developments

3. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
1.1. IntroductionIntroduction
““ Post-war experience has demonstrated numerous cases wherePost-war experience has demonstrated numerous cases where
the introduction of new chemicals, foreign to nature, has led tothe introduction of new chemicals, foreign to nature, has led to
unexpected and often serious problems…unexpected and often serious problems…
The present drive to replace CFCs with a new generation of syntheticThe present drive to replace CFCs with a new generation of synthetic
chemicals may well lead to similar result in due course.”chemicals may well lead to similar result in due course.”
WAS HE RIGHT?WAS HE RIGHT?
Professor Gustav Lorentzen (1915-1995)Professor Gustav Lorentzen (1915-1995)

4. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
1.1. IntroductionIntroduction WAS HE RIGHT?WAS HE RIGHT? YES!!YES!!
•• CFC REPLACED COCFC REPLACED CO22 IN THE 1930sIN THE 1930s
•• WE THEN DISCOVERED THOSE FLUIDS ARE OZONE DEPLETINGWE THEN DISCOVERED THOSE FLUIDS ARE OZONE DEPLETING
•• H(C)FC REPLACED CFC IN THE 1990sH(C)FC REPLACED CFC IN THE 1990s
•• WE THEN DISCOVERED THOSE FLUIDS ARE GLOBAL WARMINGWE THEN DISCOVERED THOSE FLUIDS ARE GLOBAL WARMING
•• HFOs ARE NOW CONSIDERED AS ALTERNATIVES TO HFCHFOs ARE NOW CONSIDERED AS ALTERNATIVES TO HFC
•• WE ALREADY DISCOVERED THAT:WE ALREADY DISCOVERED THAT:
•• THEY ARE MILDLY FLAMMABLETHEY ARE MILDLY FLAMMABLE WHATEVER THAT MEANS !?WHATEVER THAT MEANS !?
•• DECOMPOSE IN TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID (TFA) IF RELEASED IN ATMOSPHERE:DECOMPOSE IN TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID (TFA) IF RELEASED IN ATMOSPHERE:
- www.news.admin.ch: SWISS ENVIROMENT AGENCY ALREADY DETECTED HFOs – 1234yf- www.news.admin.ch: SWISS ENVIROMENT AGENCY ALREADY DETECTED HFOs – 1234yf
INTO THE ATMOSPHEREINTO THE ATMOSPHERE
•• ACID RAINS WILL POLLUTE GROUND AND WATER SOURCESACID RAINS WILL POLLUTE GROUND AND WATER SOURCES
•• DO WE REALLY NEED TO WAIT OTHER 10 - 15 YEARS AND THEN BAN HFOs ??DO WE REALLY NEED TO WAIT OTHER 10 - 15 YEARS AND THEN BAN HFOs ??
•• NATURAL REFRIGERANTS:NATURAL REFRIGERANTS:
•• NO ENVIRONMENTAL DRAWBACKSNO ENVIRONMENTAL DRAWBACKS
•• LEGISLATION PROOF SOLUTIONSLEGISLATION PROOF SOLUTIONS
COCO22 IS TO BE CONSIDERED A VALID CHOICE FOR MANY APPLICATIONSIS TO BE CONSIDERED A VALID CHOICE FOR MANY APPLICATIONS

5. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
2. CO2. CO22 in the cold chain industry –in the cold chain industry – ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES
Food Processing Plant And Large WarehousesFood Processing Plant And Large Warehouses
 FULL COFULL CO22 SYSTEM: Only Advantages, No Drawbacks, Unlike With NHSYSTEM: Only Advantages, No Drawbacks, Unlike With NH33 For ExampleFor Example
•• Non toxic - no restriction in machinery roomNon toxic - no restriction in machinery room
•• Miscible Lubricant: No Headaches With Oil ReturnMiscible Lubricant: No Headaches With Oil Return
•• Allowed To Flow In Heat Recovery CoilsAllowed To Flow In Heat Recovery Coils
•• Less Expensive ComponentsLess Expensive Components
•• Much Slimmer RacksMuch Slimmer Racks
•• Quicker Commissioning - No More Than 1 DayQuicker Commissioning - No More Than 1 Day
•• Semi-hermetic Compressors: Less Maintenance, No LeakagesSemi-hermetic Compressors: Less Maintenance, No Leakages
•• Smaller Vessels: Almost Half SizeSmaller Vessels: Almost Half Size
•• Smaller Pipes: 200 kW @ -40°CSmaller Pipes: 200 kW @ -40°C
•• Ammonia Suction Line - DN125Ammonia Suction Line - DN125
•• COCO22 Suction Line - DN65Suction Line - DN65
WITH LARGE COWITH LARGE CO22 TK DORIN COMPRESSORS BEING AVAILABLE, AMMONIATK DORIN COMPRESSORS BEING AVAILABLE, AMMONIA
LOOKS MORE COMPLEX AND EXPENSIVE THAN A FULL COLOOKS MORE COMPLEX AND EXPENSIVE THAN A FULL CO22 SOLUTIONSOLUTION

6. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
3. State of the art3. State of the art
DORINDORIN
OTHEROTHER

7. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
3. State of the art – Case study3. State of the art – Case study
TOTAL MT CAPACITY: 1.1 MWTOTAL MT CAPACITY: 1.1 MW
Cold Storage WarehouseCold Storage Warehouse
ACTUAL TRANS-CRITICAL COMPRESSORSACTUAL TRANS-CRITICAL COMPRESSORS NEW DORIN 6 CYLINDERS: UP TO 60 mNEW DORIN 6 CYLINDERS: UP TO 60 m33
/h/h
10-12 PIECES NEEDED: (30-38) m10-12 PIECES NEEDED: (30-38) m33
/h/h 6 PIECES ONLY ARE NEEDED6 PIECES ONLY ARE NEEDED
N.2 RACKS - EXPENSIVE SOLUTIONN.2 RACKS - EXPENSIVE SOLUTION N.1 RACK ONLY - SIMPLER SOLUTIONN.1 RACK ONLY - SIMPLER SOLUTION
Example of Actual Trans-Critical COExample of Actual Trans-Critical CO22 rackrack
Courtesy ENEXCourtesy ENEX

8. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
4. Development of a large transcritical CO4. Development of a large transcritical CO22 compressor for big cooling capacitiescompressor for big cooling capacities
•• New 6 cylinders CONew 6 cylinders CO22 compressorcompressor
•• Optimized piston head design with separation of HP/LP chambersOptimized piston head design with separation of HP/LP chambers
•• Frequency drive capability (4 pole design, special motor layout, optimized suction gas cooling)Frequency drive capability (4 pole design, special motor layout, optimized suction gas cooling)
•• Extra smooth operation (low pulsation and vibration)Extra smooth operation (low pulsation and vibration)
•• Peculiar tribology solutions coming from the automotive industryPeculiar tribology solutions coming from the automotive industry
•• Optimized advance reversible oil pump lubricationOptimized advance reversible oil pump lubrication
•• External discharge manifold (oil temperatureExternal discharge manifold (oil temperature
reduction, compressor efficiency increase)reduction, compressor efficiency increase)
•• Displacement from 39,8 mDisplacement from 39,8 m33
/h to 98,5 m/h to 98,5 m33
/h, the/h, the
largest on the marketlargest on the market
•• Nominal power from 50 to 80 HPNominal power from 50 to 80 HP
•• Design pressure: 100 bar (LP) e 150 bar (HP)Design pressure: 100 bar (LP) e 150 bar (HP)
•• Safety valve on both low and high pressure sidesSafety valve on both low and high pressure sides

9. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
4. Development of a large transcritical CO4. Development of a large transcritical CO22 compressor for big cooling capacitiescompressor for big cooling capacities
CD6 - 80HP
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5
Pressure ratio
Discharge-Oiltemperature[°C]
80-90 bar
80-90 bar
100-110 bar
100-110 bar
Discharge
temperature
Oil temperature
Oil temperature
Discharge
temperature

10. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
4. Development of a large transcritical CO4. Development of a large transcritical CO22 compressor for big cooling capacitiescompressor for big cooling capacities
CD6 - 80HP
0,6
0,65
0,7
0,75
0,8
0,85
0,9
2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5
Pressure ratio
Volumetricefficiency
80 bar
110 bar
90 bar
100 bar

11. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
4. Development of a large transcritical CO4. Development of a large transcritical CO22 compressor for big cooling capacitiescompressor for big cooling capacities
CD6 - 80HP
0,5
0,55
0,6
0,65
0,7
2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5
Pressure ratio
Isoentropicefficiency
80 bar
110 bar
90 bar
100 bar

12. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
4. Development of a large transcritical CO4. Development of a large transcritical CO22 compressor for big cooling capacitiescompressor for big cooling capacities
Overall dimensions and full rangeOverall dimensions and full range
50 Hz [m 3
/h]
CD6 500-40B 39,85 50
CD6 600-40M 39,85 60
CD6 700-40H 39,85 70
CD6 500-45B 45,34 50
CD6 700-45M 45,34 70
CD6 800-45H 45,34 80
CD6 500-53B 53,21 50
CD6 800-53M 53,21 80
CD6 800-59M 59,53 80
CD6 700-99B 98,58 70
HP
CD 500
Range
Serie
Model
Typ
Displacem ent
Fördervolum en

13. Latest Technology in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning - XVII European Conference Milano, 9 - 10 June 2017
5. Conclusions and further developments5. Conclusions and further developments
Nowadays the first few dozens of the new CD500 range have been in operationNowadays the first few dozens of the new CD500 range have been in operation
since some months; results from the field show extreme compressors quietness and smoothsince some months; results from the field show extreme compressors quietness and smooth
operation, leading end users to look at COoperation, leading end users to look at CO22 as a very interesting alternative for light industrialas a very interesting alternative for light industrial
applications (capacities up to 1.5 MW).applications (capacities up to 1.5 MW).
Nevertheless, the very large specific capacity featured by CONevertheless, the very large specific capacity featured by CO22 makes it possible tomakes it possible to
develop even larger compressors platforms, still pertaining to commercial refrigerationdevelop even larger compressors platforms, still pertaining to commercial refrigeration
sector, but ending up in capacities up to 200 kW per compressor. As a matter of fact, Officinesector, but ending up in capacities up to 200 kW per compressor. As a matter of fact, Officine
Mario Dorin is already developing such kind of models which will soon be qualified and fieldMario Dorin is already developing such kind of models which will soon be qualified and field
tested.tested.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONTHANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION