brill brill Hun vin crunch your stock picnic ISH

1. WRITING A
REACTION PAPER
AND POSITION
PAPER
Principles and uses of a
reaction paper and position
paper

2. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

3. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

4. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

5. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

6. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

7. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

8. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

9. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

10. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

11. REACT TO
WHAT YOU
SEE

12. THESE ARE
SPECIALIZED FORMS
OF WRITING IN WHICH
A REVIEWER OR
READER EVALUATES
ANY OF THE
FOLLOWING:
a scholarly work (e.g., academic books and
articles)
a work of art (e.g., performance art, play,
dance, sports, film, exhibits)
designs (e.g., industrial designs, furniture,
fashion design)
graphic designs (e.g., posters, billboards,
commercials, and digital media)
reviewers do not simply rely on mere opinions; rather, they
use both proofs and logical reasoning to substantiate their
comments

13. FACT
• Facts are statements that can be proven.
• Facts may be true or false.
• But facts can be proven.
Examples
1. Statistically, women live longer than men.
2. Most buses weigh more than most cars.
3. There are ten inches in a foot (false).

14. OPINION
• Opinions are statements that cannot be proven.
• Opinions can be argued.
• Opinions may be supported with facts.
• Opinions cannot be proven.
Examples
1. Golf is boring.
2. Pizza is delicious.
3. Math is the hardest subject.

15. FACT OR OPINION
1. There are fewer panda bears in the world than grizzly bears.
2. Chicken that has not been properly prepared and cooked may cause
salmonella.
3. Cheating on your boyfriend or girlfriend is wrong.
4. Super Mario is one of the greatest video game characters of all time.
5. Morality is the belief about what is right and what is wrong.

16. Position Paper
• A stand supported by arguments and evidence
• Its purpose is to generate support on an issue
• Another purpose is to convince the audience that your
opinion is valid and worth listening to
• Expresses a position, conclusion, or recommendation
concerning a contested issue or undecided questions
• Presents an opinion and make a claim or stand about an
issue
• Use inductive reasoning which addresses both strengths
and weaknesses

17. PARTS OF A POSITION PAPER
Introduction (1 paragraph)
• Start with a topic sentence that attracts
attention and summarizes the issue
• Inform the reader of your point of view
• State your thesis

18. PARTS OF A
POSITION PAPER
B o dy (C o unter-Argument & Argument – 3 paragraphs)
• Summarize the counterclaims
• Provide supporting information on the counterclaims
• R efute the counterclaims
• Give evidence for arguments
• Assert your points of the claim (up to three) by giving
your opinion and providing support/evidence

19. PARTS OF A
POSITION
PAPER
• Summarizes then
conclude your
agreement
• Provide a solution
Conclusion (1-2
paragraphs)

20. Guidelines in
Writing a
Position
Paper
1. Choose an issue. When choosing one, keep the
following guidelines in mind.
• The issue should be debatable because you won’t
be able to make a stand if the topic is not
debatable.
• The issue should be current or relevant.
• The issue should be written in a question form and
answerable by yes or no.
• The issue should be narrow and manageable.
2. Begin the writing process by conducting in-depth
research on the issue.
3. Make sure to define unfamiliar terms when you first
mention them.

21. Guidelines in
Writing a
Position
Paper
4. Be aware of the various positions about the issue
and explain and analyze them objectively.
5. Reflect on your position and identify its
weaknesses.
6. Cite valid and reliable sources (3 or more) to
establish the credibility of your arguments.
7. View the issue from a different perspective so you
can present a unique approach.
8. Limit your position paper to two pages.
9. Analyze your target readers and align your
arguments to their beliefs, needs, interests, and
motivations.

22. Guidelines in
Writing a
Position
Paper
10. Summarize the other side’s counterarguments and use
various evidence and data to refute
them.
11. Use an active voice as much as possible to achieve a
dynamic and firm one.
12. Arrange your evidence logically using an inductive or
deductive approach.
13. Check your argument for fallacies and eliminate them.
Fallacies or errors in reasoning
weaken your argument.
14. Use ethical, logical, and emotional appeal. An ethical
appeal relates to your credibility and
competence as a writer; a logical appeal refers to a rational
approach in developing an
argument; while an emotional appeal uses arguments in a
way that evokes feelings.

23. Fallacies
Ad hominem (to the person)
Ad ignorantiam (appeal to ignorance)
Ad misericordiam (appeal to pity)
Ad populum (appeal to popularity)
Red Herring Fallacy
Slippery Slope Fallacy
Straw man Fallacy
Genetic Fallacy