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ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING
Argumentative Opinions
Purpose ARGUMENTATIVE • Used to persuade the reader that your opinion is correct
Purpose ARGUMENTATIVE • Used to persuade the reader that your opinion is correct • Opinion is clearly stated, rather than ...
Focus Focused on an OPINIONa debatable claim
Convince your readers
Convince of the validity of your opinion using your readers
Concrete Evidence Studies
Concrete Evidence Studies News Articles
Concrete Evidence Studies News Articles Expert Opinions
Concrete Evidence Studies News Articles Expert Opinions Statistics, etc.
3 Questions What real- world examples can I use to support my thesis statement?
3 Questions What real- world examples can I use to support my thesis statement? What experts in the field might agree with...
3 Questions What real- world examples can I use to support my thesis statement? What experts in the field might agree with...
Structure Introduction
Structure Introduction Body
Structure Introduction Body Conclusion
Introduction Leads the reader to your opinion on the topic, Para graph 1
Introduction which is clearly stated in a thesis statement of 1-3sentences Leads the reader to your opinion on the topic, ...
Thesis Statement is your CLAIM
Your claim is your your position or stand on the issue
Your claim is your your position or stand on the issue What view you want your readers to accept
Your claim is your your position or stand on the issue What view you want your readers to accept What action you want your...
Body Discusses the ways in which external sources (eg. studies, news articles, journals, interviews, etc.) are evidence th...
Body Discusses the ways in which external sources (eg. studies, news articles, journals, interviews, etc.) are evidence th...
Explanation and of your claim to explain Justification
Explanation and of your claim to explain Justification Why?
Explanation and of your claim to explain Justification Why? How?
EVIDENCE You will need which are credible.
Credibility depends on Relevant to the topic
Credibility depends on Relevant to the topic Provided by a credible source (an expert in the field)
Credibility depends on Relevant to the topic Provided by a credible source (an expert in the field) Reputable (i.e.availab...
Opposition Address opinions that may oppose your claims
Opposition Address opinions that may oppose your claims Understand differing viewpoints
Rebuttal Refutes differing viewpoints with logical evidence and reasons
Rebuttal Refutes differing viewpoints with logical evidence and reasons Uses the opposition’s reasons to win your own argu...
Rebuttal Refutes differing viewpoints with logical evidence and reasons Uses the opposition’s reasons to win your own argu...
Appeal to Audience Ethos – Credibility Pathos – Emotions Logos – Logic Aristotle developed these 3 appeals to audience whi...
Ethos Ethos (Greek for 'character') refers to the trustworthiness or credibility of the writer or speaker.
Ethos Ethos (Greek for 'character') refers to the trustworthiness or credibility of the writer or speaker. Ethos is built ...
Pathos Pathos (Greek for 'suffering' or 'experience') is often associated with emotional appeal.
Pathos Pathos (Greek for 'suffering' or 'experience') is often associated with emotional appeal. Pathos pulls on the heart...
Logos Logos (Greek for 'word') refers to the message internal consistency • clarity of the claim • logic of its reasons • ...
Logos Logos (Greek for 'word') refers to the message internal consistency • clarity of the claim • logic of its reasons • ...
Conclusion Restates overall argument and gives a sense of closure. Para graph 5
Conclusion Restates overall argument and gives a sense of closure. Do notintroduce a new argument. Para graph 5
Remember 1 It is not enough to simply state whether you agree/ disagree with the author or speaker. Instead, you must clea...
Remember 1 It is not enough to simply state whether you agree/ disagree with the author or speaker. Instead, you must clea...
Checklist • Be clear • Be focused • Take a position Thesis Statement
Checklist • Be clear • Be focused • Take a position Thesis Statement • Support thesis statement using external sources (ne...
Checklist • Be clear • Be focused • Take a position Thesis Statement • Support thesis statement using external sources (ne...
Created by Goh Bang Rui Follow me on @slideshare. @gohbangrui bit.ly/gohbangrui
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English Language - Argumentative Writing

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These slides are used to explain the idea of writing an argumentative essay for English Language. Students are introduced to the concept of writing an argumentative essay and then expected to write a speech based on three appeals to the audience - logos, pathos and ethos. From there, they are to write an argumentative essay. These slides also explain the concept of evidence and its various examples.

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English Language - Argumentative Writing

  1. 1. ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING
  2. 2. Argumentative Opinions
  3. 3. Purpose ARGUMENTATIVE • Used to persuade the reader that your opinion is correct
  4. 4. Purpose ARGUMENTATIVE • Used to persuade the reader that your opinion is correct • Opinion is clearly stated, rather than appearing neutral.
  5. 5. Focus Focused on an OPINIONa debatable claim
  6. 6. Convince your readers
  7. 7. Convince of the validity of your opinion using your readers
  8. 8. Concrete Evidence Studies
  9. 9. Concrete Evidence Studies News Articles
  10. 10. Concrete Evidence Studies News Articles Expert Opinions
  11. 11. Concrete Evidence Studies News Articles Expert Opinions Statistics, etc.
  12. 12. 3 Questions What real- world examples can I use to support my thesis statement?
  13. 13. 3 Questions What real- world examples can I use to support my thesis statement? What experts in the field might agree with me?
  14. 14. 3 Questions What real- world examples can I use to support my thesis statement? What experts in the field might agree with me? How can I address and refute the opposition’s claims?
  15. 15. Structure Introduction
  16. 16. Structure Introduction Body
  17. 17. Structure Introduction Body Conclusion
  18. 18. Introduction Leads the reader to your opinion on the topic, Para graph 1
  19. 19. Introduction which is clearly stated in a thesis statement of 1-3sentences Leads the reader to your opinion on the topic, Para graph 1
  20. 20. Thesis Statement is your CLAIM
  21. 21. Your claim is your your position or stand on the issue
  22. 22. Your claim is your your position or stand on the issue What view you want your readers to accept
  23. 23. Your claim is your your position or stand on the issue What view you want your readers to accept What action you want your readers to take
  24. 24. Body Discusses the ways in which external sources (eg. studies, news articles, journals, interviews, etc.) are evidence that support your thesis statement. Para graph 2 Para graph 3 Para graph 4
  25. 25. Body Discusses the ways in which external sources (eg. studies, news articles, journals, interviews, etc.) are evidence that support your thesis statement. Refutes opposing arguments, saying why counterarguments are incorrect. Para graph 2 Para graph 3 Para graph 4
  26. 26. Explanation and of your claim to explain Justification
  27. 27. Explanation and of your claim to explain Justification Why?
  28. 28. Explanation and of your claim to explain Justification Why? How?
  29. 29. EVIDENCE You will need which are credible.
  30. 30. Credibility depends on Relevant to the topic
  31. 31. Credibility depends on Relevant to the topic Provided by a credible source (an expert in the field)
  32. 32. Credibility depends on Relevant to the topic Provided by a credible source (an expert in the field) Reputable (i.e.available contact information, up-to- date source etc.)
  33. 33. Opposition Address opinions that may oppose your claims
  34. 34. Opposition Address opinions that may oppose your claims Understand differing viewpoints
  35. 35. Rebuttal Refutes differing viewpoints with logical evidence and reasons
  36. 36. Rebuttal Refutes differing viewpoints with logical evidence and reasons Uses the opposition’s reasons to win your own argument (i.e. find areas of weakness or irrational logic in their argument to strengthen your own)
  37. 37. Rebuttal Refutes differing viewpoints with logical evidence and reasons Uses the opposition’s reasons to win your own argument (i.e. find areas of weakness or irrational logic in their argument to strengthen your own) Let them see your side
  38. 38. Appeal to Audience Ethos – Credibility Pathos – Emotions Logos – Logic Aristotle developed these 3 appeals to audience which are often used in arguments.
  39. 39. Ethos Ethos (Greek for 'character') refers to the trustworthiness or credibility of the writer or speaker.
  40. 40. Ethos Ethos (Greek for 'character') refers to the trustworthiness or credibility of the writer or speaker. Ethos is built through honesty.
  41. 41. Pathos Pathos (Greek for 'suffering' or 'experience') is often associated with emotional appeal.
  42. 42. Pathos Pathos (Greek for 'suffering' or 'experience') is often associated with emotional appeal. Pathos pulls on the heartstrings of your audience to take action.
  43. 43. Logos Logos (Greek for 'word') refers to the message internal consistency • clarity of the claim • logic of its reasons • effectiveness of its supporting evidence
  44. 44. Logos Logos (Greek for 'word') refers to the message internal consistency • clarity of the claim • logic of its reasons • effectiveness of its supporting evidence Logos refers to the logic.
  45. 45. Conclusion Restates overall argument and gives a sense of closure. Para graph 5
  46. 46. Conclusion Restates overall argument and gives a sense of closure. Do notintroduce a new argument. Para graph 5
  47. 47. Remember 1 It is not enough to simply state whether you agree/ disagree with the author or speaker. Instead, you must clearly articulate why you agree/ disagree.
  48. 48. Remember 1 It is not enough to simply state whether you agree/ disagree with the author or speaker. Instead, you must clearly articulate why you agree/ disagree. 2 Always provide evidence from valid external sources (newspaper articles, studies, interviews, statistics, etc.) to support your thesis.
  49. 49. Checklist • Be clear • Be focused • Take a position Thesis Statement
  50. 50. Checklist • Be clear • Be focused • Take a position Thesis Statement • Support thesis statement using external sources (newspaper articles, interviews, studies, statistics, etc.) • Clearly explain how these external sources support your thesis statement • Refute counterarguments Body Paragraphs
  51. 51. Checklist • Be clear • Be focused • Take a position Thesis Statement • Support thesis statement using external sources (newspaper articles, interviews, studies, statistics, etc.) • Clearly explain how these external sources support your thesis statement • Refute counterarguments Body Paragraphs • Free of spelling, and grammar errors • Avoid first person narration • Overall paper is not expository • Does not extensively summarise the text or speech • Does not repeat what the author or speaker has already stated • Does not just compare and contrast General
  52. 52. Created by Goh Bang Rui Follow me on @slideshare. @gohbangrui bit.ly/gohbangrui

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