The document provides instructions for a 5-7 page essay comparing how two U.S. states approach same-sex marriage or immigration policy. It outlines six competencies the essay should demonstrate: 1) describing theories of power in relation to policy, 2) explaining differences in state approaches using theories of power, 3) analyzing effects of policy using demographic data, 4) analyzing how laws are applied based on diversity factors, 5) applying diversity strategies, and 6) writing coherently using proper formatting. The essay should compare the policy, politics, and laws of the two states, explain differences using power theories, discuss how state demographics influence approaches, and analyze discrepancies between state and federal laws.