1. A wound is a break in the skin or tissue integrity often disrupting structure and function. Wounds are classified based on factors like cause, depth, and healing process.
2. Wound healing involves three phases - inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling. The inflammatory phase begins immediately after injury. Then proliferation and tissue repair occurs over 3 weeks. Remodeling lasts from 3 weeks to 2 years.
3. Factors like wound site, contamination, and underlying health conditions can affect healing. Complications include hypertrophic scars and keloids. Proper wound management includes cleaning, debridement if needed, and closure through various suturing techniques depending
Includes the Overview, causes and risk factors , types, symptoms, and management.
See this for your better knowledge and for preventive aspects.
it will help us in community area wile giving health education.
wound management briefing training course including wounds, wound healing & wound types, wound closure, wound covers, wound dressings and marketing plan for new product launch, wound assessment types and measures.
for HCP , wound care specialists, nursing, and wound care and health associations
arterial ulcers,Chronic ulcers, non healing ulcers, definition, wound healing ,causes of non healing ulcers, management of arterial ulcers, wound dressings, kandy society of medicine
Includes the Overview, causes and risk factors , types, symptoms, and management.
See this for your better knowledge and for preventive aspects.
it will help us in community area wile giving health education.
wound management briefing training course including wounds, wound healing & wound types, wound closure, wound covers, wound dressings and marketing plan for new product launch, wound assessment types and measures.
for HCP , wound care specialists, nursing, and wound care and health associations
arterial ulcers,Chronic ulcers, non healing ulcers, definition, wound healing ,causes of non healing ulcers, management of arterial ulcers, wound dressings, kandy society of medicine
This topic comes under the General Principles of Surgery for MBBS Students. The student should know the various types of wounds, their assessment and dressing methods.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
4. Rank-wakefield classification
Tidy wounds
• They are wounds like
surgical incisions and
wounds caused by sharp
objects.
• Usually primary suturing is
done.
• Healing is by primary
intention
5. Untidy wounds
• Resulting from crushing,
tearing, avulsion,
vascular injury or burns.
• Contain devitalised
tissue.
• Fracture of underlying
bone may be present.
• Healing is by secondary
intention.
7. b) Integrity of skin
Open wounds
• Incised wound,
lacerated wound,
crush injuries,
penetrating
wounds.
Closed wounds
• Contusion,
abrasion,
haematoma.
8. Acute wounds
• That usually heal in
the anticipated time
frame.
• Duration: immediately
to few weeks.
• Examples: trauma or
surgical procedure.
c) Duration of wound healing
9. Chronic wounds
• Fail to heal in the anticipated
time frame and often recur.
• Duration: 4 weeks to 3
months.
• Causes : poor circulation,
extended pressure on tissues,
or even poor nutrition.
• Examples -pressure ulcers,
venous leg ulcers, diabetic
ulcer etc
10. Superficial wounds
• Only epidermis is
affected
• Does not bleed.
• Examples include:
abrasions and blisters
D) Wound depth
11. Partial thickness wounds
• Epidermis and part of
dermis is affected.
• Does bleed.
• several days to several
weeks to heal.
12. Full thickness wounds
• Epidermis and dermis is
affected.
• Underlying fatty tissues,
muscles, bones and
tendons may also be
damaged.
• May take several months
to heal
13. Crush wounds
• Cause- great or extreme
amount of force applied
over a long period of time.
• Often accompanied by de-
gloving injuries and
compartment syndrome.
14. E) Degree of contamination
Clean wound:
• No break in aseptic
technique.
• No sign of infection or
inflammation.
• Respiratory, GI, GU tracts
are NOT entered.
• Excisions, hernia repair.
• Infective rate is less than
2%.
15. Clean contaminated wound
• Respiratory, GI, or GU
tracts entered under
controlled conditions.
• No major break in
aseptic technique.
• No spillage.
• Appendectomy, bowel,
biliary and pancreatic
surgeries.
• Infective rate is less
than 10%.
16. Contaminated wound
• Major break in aseptic
technique.
• Acute non purulent
inflammation encountered.
• Spillage from GIT.
• Penetrating abdominal
wound, Open fresh
accidental wounds.
• Infective rate is about 20%.
17. Dirty infected wound
• Purulence or existing
infection present.
• Contain devitalised
tissue.
• Abscess, faecal
peritonitis.
• Infective rate is about
40%.
18.
19. Wound healing
It is the body’s natural process of restoring normal
function and structure after an injury.
Healing is a complex series of events that begins at the
moment of injury and can continue for months to years.
20. Types of Wound healing
Primary intention.
• Wound edges opposed.
• Normal healing.
• Minimal scar
21. Secondary intention.
• Wound left open
• Heals by granulation, contraction & epithelialisation.
• Increased inflammation and proliferation.
• Poor scar.
Tertiary intention (also called delayed primary intention).
• Wound initially left open.
• Edges later opposed when healing conditions
favourable.
22.
23. Phases of Wound healing
• Inflammatory phase
• Proliferative phase
• Maturation and remodelling phase
24. Injury
Platelets release
growth factors
and cytokines
Neutrophils and macrophages
engulf bacteria; release
growth factor, cytokines and
proteases
Neutrophils and
macrophages
are attracted
into the wound
Inflammatory
phase
(Begins
immediately
and lasts for
2-3 days)
Fibroblasts , epithelial
cells & endothelial cells
are attracted into the
wound
25. Epithelial cells, fibroblasts and
endothelial cells produce
growth factors
Synthesis of ECM , collagen
and new capillaries
Proliferative &
repair phase:
Lasts from 3rd day
to 3rd week
26. Fibroblasts orchestrate the
remodelling of scar by
producing ECM, MMPs &
TIMPs & maturation of
collagen.
Mature contracted
scar
Remodelling
phase
Lasts from 3
weeks to 2
years
27.
28. Factors affecting wound healing
Local factors include,
• Site of wound
• Structures involved
• Mechanism of wounding
• Contamination
• Loss of tissue
• Other local factors like vascular insufficiency,
radiation & Pressure.
29. Systemic factors include,
• Malnutrition or vitamin and mineral deficiencies
• Diseases(e.g. diabeties mellitus)
• Medications (e.g. steroids)
• Immune deficiencies(e.g. chemotherapy, AIDS)
• Smoking
31. Hypertrophic scar
• Appears as a raised scar
tissue.
• Doesn’t extend beyond
the boundary of scar
tissue.
• Can regress with time.
• Anywhere in body.
• Growth usually limited
to 6 months.
• Equal in both sexes.
32. Keloid
• Often appears as a shiny
round protuberance.
• Extends beyond the
margins of original
wound.
• Doesn’t regress with time.
• Site: ears, shoulders
anterior chest wall.
• Continues to grow
without time limit.
• Genetic predisposition
present.
• More common in females
33. Wound management
1. Wound is inspected and classified as per the type
of wounds.
2. In vital area, then
• airway should be maintained.
• bleeding should be controlled.
• Intravenous fluids are started.
• Oxygen, if required, may be given.
• Deeper communicating injuries and fractures etc.
should be looked for.
3. If it is an incised wound then primary suturing is
done after thorough cleaning.
34. 4. Lacerated wound excision of devitalised tissue and
primary suturing is done.
5. In Crushed wound devitalised tissue is excised,
oedema is allowed to subside then delayed primary
suturing is done.
6. In deep devitalised wound, wound is Debrided &
allowed to granulate completely.
Then secondary suturing is done in small wound &
split skin graft is used in large wound.
35. 7. In a wound with tension, fasciotomy is done so as
to prevent the development of compartment
syndrome.
8. Vascular or nerve injuries are dealt with
accordingly.
9. Internal injuries has to be dealt with accordingly.
Fractured bone is also identified and properly dealt with.
10. If needed Antibiotics, IV fluid, blood transfusion, TT
(0.5 ml IM) or anti tetanus globulin (ATG) given.
36. Principles of wound suturing
• Primary suturing should not be done if there is
oedema/infection/devitalised tissues/haematoma.
• Always associated injuries vessels/nerves or tendons
should be looked for before closure of the wound.
• Wound should be widened to have proper evaluation of
the deeper structures – proper exploration.
• Proper cleaning, asepsis, wound excision/debridement.
37. • Any foreign body in the wound should be removed.
• Proper aseptic precautions should be undertaken.
• Antibiotics/analgesics are needed.
• Sutured wound should be inspected in 48 hours.
• Suture removal.
38. • Wound toileting
Washing the wound thoroughly using normal saline.
• Wound excision
Excision of devitalised tissues once or serially.
• Radical wound excision
Excising entire devitalised tissues leaving tissues
with visible bleeding from all layers
39. Wound debridement :
• Liberal excision of all devitalized tissue at regular
intervals (of 48-72 hours) until healthy, bleeding,
vascular tidy wound is created.
Primary suturing :
• Suturing the wound immediately within 6 hours.
• Done in clean incised wounds.
40. Delayed primary suturing
• Suturing the wound in 48 hours to 10 days.
• Done in lacerated wounds.
• This time is allowed for the oedema to subside.
Secondary suturing
• Suturing the wound in 10-14 days or later.
• Done in infected wounds &
• After the control of infection, once healthy
granulation tissue appears.