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Mohandas Gandhi was a prominent leader of India's independence movement in the 20th century. He employed nonviolent civil disobedience to lead India to independence from British rule and inspired civil rights movements worldwide. Born in 1869 in Gujarat, India, Gandhi practiced law in South Africa and organized Indian residents there in their struggle for rights before returning to India in 1915 to organize peasants, farmers, and laborers in protest of excessive land taxes and discrimination. As the leader of the Indian National Congress party starting in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns focused on reducing poverty, expanding women's rights, promoting religious harmony, ending the untouchability caste system, and achieving self-rule for India.







