The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to low and middle income countries for economic development projects. It was founded in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference to help reconstruct economies damaged by WWII. The World Bank aims to end extreme poverty and promote shared prosperity through investments in areas like education, health, infrastructure and private sector development. In Nepal, the World Bank supports over 25 projects with $2.4 billion in commitments focused on poverty reduction, healthcare and education reforms, and policy reforms in fiscal management and the financial sector.

1. PRESENTED BY :
Sanjeeta Ghimire
“BPH 4th semester”
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH

2. Introduction
• World Bank or World Bank Group, is an international financial
institution/organization affiliated with the United Nations (UN) and
designed to finance projects by providing loans and grants to the
governments of low and middle income countries to enhance the
economic development of member states.
• Its headquarter is in Washington, D.C.
• David Malpass is the current president of the world bank Under
Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs.
• The World Bank Group is one of the world’s largest sources of
funding and knowledge for developing countries.
• It has 189 member countries.

3. History
• The world bank was founded in 1944 at the UN Monetary and
Financial Conference (commonly known as the Bretton Woods
Conference).
• It was convened to establish a new, post-World War-II
international economic system.
• The World Bank officially began operations in June 1946.
• Its first loans were geared toward the postwar reconstruction of
western Europe. Its first loan was to France in 1947.

4. Contd…
• Beginning in the mid-1950s, it played a major role in financing
investments in infrastructural projects in developing countries,
including roads, hydroelectric dams, water and sewage facilities,
maritime ports, and airports.
• In the 1970s, it focused on loans to developing world countries,
shifting away from that mission in the 1980s.
• For the last 30 years, it has included NGOs and environmental groups
in its loan portfolio.
• Its loan strategy is influenced by the Millennium Development Goals
as well as environmental and social safeguards.

5. Purpose
• To reconstruct the economies damaged during World War II.

6. Mission
1. To end extreme poverty:
• By reducing the share of the global population that lives in extreme
poverty to 3 percent.
2. To promote shared prosperity:
• By increasing the incomes of the poorest 40 percent of people in every
country.

7. Objectives
• To assist for reconstruction and development of the member countries.
• To promote private foreign investment.
• To provide financial assistance to member states for productive
purposes.
• To promote long range of balanced growth of international trade.
• To provide low interest loans, interests free credits and grants.
• To improve education, health and infrastructure.

8. Goals
1. Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger
2. Achieve Universal Primary Education
3. Promote Gender Equality
4. Reduce Child Mortality
5. Improve Maternal Health
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and Other Diseases
7. Ensure Environmental Sustainability
8. Develop a Global Partnership for Development

9. Structure
With 189 member countries, staff from more than 170 countries, and offices
in over 130 locations, the World Bank Group is a unique global partnership.
The World Bank Group comprises five constituent institutions sharing a
commitment to reducing poverty, increasing shared prosperity, and
promoting sustainable development. They are:
1. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD)
2. International Development Association(IDA)
3. International Finance Corporation (IFC)
4. Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
5. International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)

10. 1. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(IBRD)
• It is a development bank.
• It was established in 27th December, 1945.
• It is the central institution of world bank.
• It has 190 member countries.
• It works for middle-income and creditworthy country.
• Its first work was to develop the European nations which was
devastated by World War-II.

11. 2. International Development Association
(IDA)
• It was established in 24th September, 1960.
• It has 173 shareholders nations.
• It provides loans and grants to poorest countries.
• It lends financial aid to countries with annual per capita income about
$800 or less.

12. 3. International Finance Corporation
(IFC)
• It was established in 20th July,1956.
• It has 184 member countries.
• Being a world bank group, IFC is independent of world bank.
• It is led by its own board of governors.
• It encourages private sector development in less/least developed
countries.
• Primarily, it focuses to reduce poverty.

13. 4. Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
(MIGA)
• It was established in 12th April, 1988.
• It has 181 member countries.
• It offers or guarantees political risk insurance which covers to
investors, financial institutions and business that face financial loss
due to political conflicts.
• Its major work is credit enhancement.

14. 5.International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
(ICSID)
• It is an international arbitrary institution.
• It was established in 14th October, 1966.
• It has 163 member countries.
• It provides facilities for consolation and arbitration of international
disputes.

15. Roles of world bank
• The World Bank Group works in every major area of development.
• It provides a wide array of financial products and technical assistance,
and help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and
solutions to the challenges they face.
• Since 1947, the World Bank has funded over 12,000 development
projects, via traditional loans, interest-free credits, and grants.

16. The world bank activities in Nepal
• Nepal joined World Bank on 6th September, 1961.
• Poverty reduction is the main objective underlying the world bank
activities in Nepal.
• The world bank group fielded its first economic mission to Nepal in
1963 to assess the country’s development prospects and challenges.
• In Nepal, the World Bank Group (WBG) includes the International
Development Association (IDA), the concessionary lending arm; the
International Finance Corporation (IFC), the private sector arm; and
the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), the
investment risk insurance arm.

17. World bank program in Nepal
• The World Bank currently supports 25 active investment projects in
Nepal with $2.4 billion in commitments from IDA and trust funds of
which a significant portion is for policy reforms in the areas of fiscal
decentralization, the financial sector, and the energy sector.
• The indicative resources available under IDA18 (FY2018-2020) are
about $1.39 billion, including $300 million from the IDA Risk
Mitigation Regime. IFC aims to commit about $800 million to $1.2
billion over the five-year period (FY19 to FY23).
• MIGA is actively seeking opportunities to support foreign private
investment into Nepal.

18. • In addition to financing investment projects, the World Bank is supporting
the government’s policy reforms in fiscal management and the financial
sector.
• For example, through development policy financing it has supported the
restructuring of the banking sector, strengthening the sector’s legal and
regulatory framework and improving transparency in the financial sector.
• The World Bank is also financing the government’s programs for
healthcare reforms and education development.
• The World Bank has provided a range of analytical and advisory support
for policy reforms and economic and sector advice.
Contd….

19. • One recent flagship report was “Climbing Higher: Toward a Middle-
Income Nepal” that offered policy recommendations for escaping the
low-growth trap.
• Together with UK’s Department for International Development
(DFID) it also published “Moving Up the Ladder – Poverty Reduction
in Social Mobility in Nepal.”
• Other World Bank analysis included reports on health insurance,
education, nutrition and urban engagement.
• Twice a year, the World Bank issues the Nepal Development Update that
reviews the state of Nepal’s economy.
Contd…

20. • After the 2015 earthquake, the WBG responded quickly and flexibly to
finance emergency reconstruction, coordinating closely with other
development partners.
• The World Bank restructured, reallocated or extended 12 existing IDA
projects for recovery efforts.
• In parallel with the Japan International Cooperation Agency, it funded
the Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project ($200 million).
• The World Bank also administered a multi-donor trust fund ($10 million)
that pooled resources from Canada, DFID, Switzerland, and USAID.
Contd…

21. Sectors and themes of world bank activities in Nepal

22. References
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bank
• https://www.worldbank.org/en/
• https://www.britannica.com/topic/World-Bank
• https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nepal/overview#2

23. THANK YOU !!!