governance

1. Sohrab Hosan
Roll:BB-232

6. Presented by-
Muhammad Ubaidul Haque
Roll:BB-109

7. "...as we all know, infrastructure is not just a matter of roads,
schools and power grids. It is equally a question of
strengthening democratic governance and the rule of law.
Without accountability, not only of the government to its
people but of the people to each other, there is no hope for a
viable democratic State. ."
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon,
Remarks to the Security Council on Timor-Leste
19 February 2009

8. As the only global institution with
comprehensive competency and universal
membership, the UN is uniquely
positioned to deal with these multiple and
complex challenges of governance. On the
operational level, the UN has a well-established
institutional framework for
deliberation, decision-making, and
implementation.

9. The United Nations plays four
essential roles as an intellectual actor.
These are -
๏ managing knowledge
๏ developing norms
๏ promulgating recommendations, and
๏institutionalizing ideas

10. The UN system promotes good governance
through many avenues. The UN Development
Programme (UNDP), for example, actively
support national processes of democratic
transition.
In the process, it focuses on
providing policy advice and technical support and
strengthening the capacity of institutions and
individuals.
 It engages in advocacy and communications,
supports public information campaigns, and promotes
and brokers dialogue. It also facilitates “knowledge
networking” and the sharing of good practices.

11. The United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF),
established in 2005, supports projects that
strengthen the voice of civil society, promote
human rights, and encourage the participation of
all groups in democratic processes. The bulk of its
funds go to local civil society organizations, both in
the transition and consolidation phases of
democratization. In these ways, it complements the
UN's work with governments to strengthen
democratic governance worldwide.

12. The United Nations Public Administration
Network (UNPAN) was created to set up an
internet-based network to link regional and
national public administration institutions.
Its facilitates the exchange of information
and experience, as well as training in the
area of public sector policy and
management. Its long-term goal is to build
the capacity of these regional and national
institutions, with the aim of improving
public administration overall.

13. In our rapidly globalized world, the challenges to
humankind are myriad and complex. The task for
global governance is to focus on the
interconnectedness and interdependence of all
these challenges and threats. It needs to provide
the international community with a roadmap
leading to the ultimate goal of sustainable peace
and development. And with the rise of emerging
powers, the need for a new global architecture has
become even more urgent and critical.

14. Through such measures as
these, the promotion of good
governance now runs like a
thread through all UN system
activities.

15. Governance
and IDC.
(World
Banks Part)
Presenteted by
Md.Fazlul Karim
Roll No. SM 94

16. A Brief Introduction About World Bank
 Motto
Working for a World Free of
Poverty
 Established :
July 1944
 Type :
international organization
 Legal status :
Treaty
 Purpose :
Crediting
 Location :
Washington D.C., United States.
 Membership :
188 countries (IBRD)
172 countries (IDA)
 President :
Jim Yong Kim
 Main organ:
Board of Directors
 Parent organization:
World Bank Group
 Website:
worldbank.org

17. The World Bank is a United
nations Financial Institution
that provides loans to
developing countries for
capital programs. The World
Bank is a component of the
World Bank group, and a
member of the United
Nations development group.
The World Bank's official goal
is the reduction of poverty.
According to its Articles of
Agreement, all its decisions
must be guided by a
commitment to the
promotion of foreign
investment and international
trade and to the facilitation of
capital investment.

18. ROLE OF wb in Bangladesh
(1970)
The World Bank is the largest as well as the most influential
lender to the country. It is the coordinator of aid donors in
Bangladesh. Since Independence, it has lent $12.5 billion to
the country and played a critical role in shaping the country’s
institutions and policies. For these reasons, the role of the
World Bank is singularly important among the IDC in
Bangladesh.
In the 1970s, during the initial phase of its operations, the
World Bank concentrated largely on project lending for
achieving food self-sufficiency, mobilizing domestic
resources, improving social indicators, and enhancing project
implementation. Even though over time the country attained
varying degrees of success in all these areas, the pace of
progress was slow in the 1970s.

19. 1980
During the next phase of its operations in the late
1980s, the World Bank focused on policy reforms to
create an environment conducive to private sector
development. These reforms were addressed at
removing the distortions in trade, pricing, credit
allocation, and interest rates. Once again, the efforts
yielded mixed success.

20. During the current decades
governance has become the principal
emphasis of the World Bank assistance
program in Bangladesh; other areas of
focus include human resource
development, environmental management
and gender equity, integrated rural
advancement and private-sector growth by
strengthening the financial sector and
promoting private investment in energy,
infrastructure, manufacturing and services.
While no formal assessment of this
assistance program is available to this
date, it seems the results have been
mixed.

21. AID OF WB TO BANGLADESH
After independence The World Bank has lent 98.6
billion US dollar that is 29 per sent of total foreign
loan. in 2013-14 fiscal year it grants 9.8 million and 40
core US dollar. in running fiscal year it aimed to aid
970 core dollar. (Bangla telegraph 7 octobar,2014)
now WB is helping 650 core dollar in 31 developing
project.(Jugantor,15 September 2014)

22. Criticism about the World Bank
The WB has created an immoral system of modern day
colonialism
The WB serves wealthy countries and Wall Street
The WB is imposing a fundamentally flawed
development model
The WB is a secretive institution with no accountability
WB policies promote corporate welfare
The WB hurts workers
The WB 's policies hurt women the most
WB Policies hurt the environment
The WB bails out rich bankers, creating a moral hazard
and greater instability in the global economy
WB bailouts deepen, rather then solve, economic crisis

23. Rumana Afrose
Roll: 28

24. The IMF is an international organization of 185
member countries .It was established in 1944,with a goal
to promote international monetary cooperation,
exchange stability and orderly exchange arrangements
to foster economic growth , and high levels of
employment and to provide temporary financial
assistance to countries to help ease balance of
payments adjustments.

25.  Facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of
international trade
 To promote exchange rate stability
 To promote international monetary cooperation
 To make its resources available to its members
who are experiencing balance of payment
difficulties.
 To establish a multilateral system of payments and
eliminate foreign exchange restrictions.
 Shorten the duration and lessen the degree of
disequilibrium in international balances of
payment.

26.  Focusing on its core macroeconomic and financial
areas of responsibility.
 Collection and allocation of reserves .Rendering
advice to member countries on their international
monetary affairs.
 Promoting research in various areas of
international economics and monetary economics.
 Providing a forum for discussion and consultation
among member countries .Being in the center of
competence.
 Providing technical assistance and training to help
countries when they need for economic stability
and growth.

27.  Many observers comment on the fact that the IMF has
a “one size fits all” mentality ,that whatever the
situation the IMF prescribes basically the same set of
policies .
 IMF does not adequately monitor the impact of its
decisions on the poor.
 Some of U.S critics say ,IMF is an incredibly wasteful
organization that takes valuable funds and pours it
down the drain of developing economics whose
leaders become fabulously rich off the money
without any intention of ever helping out anyone.
 The IMF has no effective authority over the domestic
economic policies of its members.

28. Role of IDC and OIC
Sumaiya Mustofa Mollik
Roll-108

29. Organization of Islamic
Conference
(OIC)
 Establishment: 25 September, 1969
 Place : Rabat , kingdom of Morocco
 Inter-governmental organization
 Combination of effort to safeguard
interest and ensure progress of
member and other Muslim countries.
 Financed By Member countries.

30. Objectives of OIC
To promote Islamic solidarity among
member states.
To consolidate cooperation among
member countries.
To take necessary steps to support
international peace and security
founded on justice.
Get equality between member states.

31. Islamic Development Bank
(IDB)
 International Financial Institution.
 Establishment:20 october,1975.
 purpose:Foster The Economic
Develpoment And Social Progress Of
Member Countries And Muslim
Communities.
 Based On Shari’ah Law.

32. Objectives Of IDB
 promotion of Islamic industry and
institutions.
 Poverty alleviation.
 Promotion of cooperation among
member countries.

33. Role Of IDB And OIC In
Bangladesh
 After the recommendation of OIC,IDB
established in Bangladesh.
 After The Establishment of IDB, Islamic
Banking And Financial Institutions Grew Fast
Throughout the world including Bangladesh.
 After the Inception Of Islamic Banking In
Bangladesh In 1983 there was a consistent
Growth In Banking Sector.
 47 Commercial Bank And 7 are full-fledged
Islamic bank has been established.
 The combined Share of Islamic Bank
Accounts around 25% of the total banking
market of Bangladesh.

34. Role of ADB in governance
Presented by-
Israt Jahan Nitu
Roll-04

35. Asian Development Bank:
Is a regional development bank established
on 22 August 1966 to facilitate economic
development of countries in Asia. , ADB
provides financing for projects that will
effectively contribute to the economic and
social development of this countries

36. Loan Sectors:
They provide loan in different sector such as:
 Multi sector
 Public sector management
 Transport and ICT
 Agriculture and natural resources
 Energy
 Finance
 Water supply and other municipal infrastructure and
services
 Education

37. Role of ADB in improving governance:
 In resent , the honorable president Takehiko Nakao
declared that improving governance in developing
countries is one of the central aspects of their work in
promoting inclusive development.

38. New projects of ADB in Bangladesh:
 Bangladesh joined ADB in 1973 and hosted the
organization’s first field office in 1982. As of the end of 2013,
ADB had provided the country with $15.03 billion in 241
loans, and $236.19 million in 402 technical assistance loans.
 The Sirajganj Power Plant in northern Bangladesh is part of
a $405 million project to generate and distribute reliable
electricity to Dhaka and the surrounding areas and
supports the government’s power sector reforms.
 The Alukdia Islamia Senior Madrasah, also in Sirajganj,
benefitted from ADB support under an $85 million project
to help improve the quality of teachers in Bangladesh.
 And Tongi-Bhairob Bazer double line Project under the
ADB-assisted Railway Sector Investment Program

39. POSITIVE ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITIES
Israt Jahan
Roll: 05

40.  Working for a world free of Poverty
 Providing Aid and assistance to the
disadvantaged areas
 Economic development of member
countries

41.  Educational development
 Ensuring human rights
 Ensuring good governance
 Conflict resolution

42.  Promoting sustainable development
 Helping in international co-operation
 To Create a Peaceful World