Esta conferencia es para resaltar la importancia de generar un espacio y una mejor opción para las mujeres en los BRTs, dando a conocer las necesidades de ellas, poniendo ejemplos de algunos países. Fecha: Abril de 2014 Evento: Wuf7 (Medellín)

1. Conteúdo da Apresentação
Daniel Pulido
Infrastructure Specialist
World Bank
Urban Mobility:
The Gender Dimension

2. 2
Presentation Outline
2.What are we doing?
Voice: Liaoning, China
Data: Buenos Aires, Argentina
Inclusive Transport and Women Rights:
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Via Lilac Program
1.What do we know?
3.How can we do more?

3. 3
Women have differentiated mobility concerns
•Women perform higher number of
diverse activities (childcare,
household, work)
•Fewer women own cars
Urban Transport
burden is higher
for women
•Mexico: 48% of women have
been sexually assaulted at least
once (31% in the last year)
•7 out of 10 women fear assault
Women are
victims of crime
and harassment
in urban transport
•Lack of gendered stats inhibits
mainstreaming of gender
•Women participation leads to
inclusive urban transport planning
Women Voice
and Data matter
for the design of
mobility projects
1. What do We Know?

4. 4
Getting Gendered Statistics
How Does She Get Around? (%)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
步行 w alk
自行车 bicycle
公交车 public transport
出租车 taxi
通勤车 commuting bus私家车 private car
摩托车 motor bike
三轮车 tricycle
其他 others
Fushun
Jinzhou
Liaoyang
Panjin
Dengta
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
日常生计 Daily livihood
上学 School
娱乐 Entertainment
探亲访友 Visit Friends
去医院看病 Hospital visit
其他 Other
What Does She Travel For? (%)
Fushun
Jinzhou
Liaoyang
Panjin
Dengta
2. What are We doing? – Liaoning, China: Voice

5. 5
Hearing Women Voices
Ms. Kong, work at home on handmade
products: ¨I do daily grocery shopping via
bus… need to transfer to get to the
destination, very long and expensive… ”
Ms. Jin, retired worker: ¨There’re no lights
on some streets. Robbery happens
frequently there. I wouldn’t dare to walk
alone when it’s turning dark”
Ms. Qi, 27 year old: ¨bus services are not
available early at night, it’s very
inconvenient for me to get back home”
2. What are We doing? – Liaoning, China: Voice

6. 6
Addressing Women ConcernsInitialProjectDesign
New Urban
Developments
Road
Expansions
Issuesraisedingeneral
Poor secondary
road pavement
and drainage
Poor sidewalks
Lack of
separation
between NMV
and MV
IssuesRaisedbyWomen
Street Crossing
design
Lack of street
lights
Long waits at bus
stops
Poorly designed
bus services
Gender-informed public participation can make
projects more inclusive at low incremental cost
2. What are We doing? – Liaoning, China: Voice

7. 7
Women have high transport burden
Women,
particularly
those with
kids, travel
more and do
it more in the
middle of the
day (when
service
frequency is
low)
Differences in non HBW daily trip rates
Difference (F-M) F:M Ratio
Single, no kids 0.17 1.19:1
Single adult, with kids 0.84 4.76:1
Two adults, no kids 0.37 1.7:1
Two adults, with kids 0.86 2.75:1
2. What are We doing? – Bs As, Argentina: Data

8. 8
Women travel at lower speeds
Average Trip
Time (min) Distance (km) Speed (km/hr)
Women w/o Children 45.3 7.50 9.92
Men w/o Children 43.3 8.67 12.01
Women w Children 47.7 7.92 9.98
Men wChildren 48.7 9.96 12.27
Women
cover
smaller
distances
Women take
the bus and
walk more
than men
(who use the
car the most)
2. What are We doing? – Bs As, Argentina: Data

9. 9
Women have less accessibility
2. What are We doing? – Bs As, Argentina: Data

10. 10
RJ is investing in transport for inclusion
Supervia Train
•161 trains (70+ coming)
•89 Stations
•225 km
•76% of RJ population
(Mostly poor)
•15% of RJ State area (40
km2)
•580,000 pax /day
Cable Car
• Serving low income
communities (Alemao)
• 3.5 Km and 152 gondolas
• Offers complementary
services: Security, health
and community spaces
• 100,000 people with no
previous access to mass
transit services
2. What are We doing? – RJ, Brazil: Inclusion

11. 11
RJ started with Women Only Wagons
Dedicated Women
Wagons
8 Suburban Rail Lines
2. What are We doing? – RJ, Brazil: Women Rights

12. 12
Via Lilac: promoting women rights
• Domestic Violence
Prevention Law (Lei Maria
da Penha-2006) is an
important instrument for
promoting women rights:
– Family Courts -Police
– Service Centers -Shelters
• Limited accessibility and
high service delivery costs
constrain implementation
• Via Lilac Program launched
with WB TA and in
partnership with Supervia
2. What are We doing? – RJ, Brazil: Women Rights

13. 13
Via Lilac: Leveraging Transport Infra
Use Supervia’s infrastructure to deliver social, economic
and legal resources and services for Women
2. What are We doing? – RJ, Brazil: Women Rights

14. 14
Via Lilac: Access to Information
• Information terminals
for Maria da Penha
and other gender
services (Totens Lilas)
• 107 terminals with
data collection and
printing capabilities:
– 102 Supervia Stations
– 5 Cable car Stations
2. What are We doing? – RJ, Brazil: Women Rights

15. 15
Via Lilac: Access to Servives
Microbus Service: daily schedule: 9hs - 17hs
Connection between the Supervia “Lilac
Rooms” and the “Casa da Mulher Brasileira”
Supervia “Lilac
Rooms” Casa da Mulher
Brasileira
2. What are We doing? – RJ, Brazil: Women Rights

16. 16
Single-fare provides geo-referenced gendered data
• Direct subsidy to poor
living in periphery
• 500k Supervia “Bilhete
Unico” users: 50% are
women
• Provides geo-referenced
data on customers spatial
mobility patterns
• Tied to National Personal
ID# (“CPF”) thus provides
large geo-referenced
social & economic data
base for policies and
investments analyses and
design
2. What are We doing? – RJ, Brazil: Women Rights

17. 17
Increasing responsiveness to women needs
“Woman/Family Fare" for
women/parents travelling with
children at off-peak times (increased
frequencies)
Women Exit-Re-entry Policy within
current 2-hour open BU scheme at
peak times to enable short-term
convenience stops
Child Care Centers and Grocery
shops close or inside selected rail
(Supervia) stations
3. How can we do more? - Transport Planning

18. 18
Women facilities only part of the solution
Women-friendly systems: Women
Toilets, lightning, footpaths, women
police, women drivers
Perception-based maps for safety:
cell-phone based peer groups to
supplement public stats
Partnerships with women-focused
services to increase access to
opportunities: Microcredit, education
3. How can we do more? – Focus on accesibility

19. 19
Some ideas for thought…
• Mainstream good practice across projects:
– Incorporate participation and consultation
– Focus on basic accessibility: walking, street lights, safety
– Gender-sensitive public transport vehicles and facilities:
Go beyond women-only wagons
• Increase Responsiveness of Public transport planning:
– Routing & scheduling –serving women’s travel patterns
– Fare structures – integrated fare structures that do not
penalize chained trips
• Collect and analyze more Gendered data:
– Follow-up surveys and research to examine hypothesis
– Analyzing gender in public transport requires rethinking
survey instruments
3. How can we do more? – Conclusions

20. Conteúdo da Apresentação
For more information:
Buenos Aires Research
http://blogs.worldbank.org/transport/are-women-forced-work-closer-home-
due-other-responsibilities-does-contribute-gender-wage
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANTRANSPORT/Resources/2014-Feb-
5-Gender-and-Mobility.pdf
Via Lilac Program
http://documentos.bancomundial.org/curated/es/2013/10/18465002/brazil-
enhancing-public-management-service-delivery-rio-de-janeiro-project