This presentation was part of my field work at the National Centre for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN) on January 19th-22nd, 2016. It is about the use of formal standards notation for structuring decision-making processes (esp. the managing of warnings into a Brazilian emergency agency).

1. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
1
2016-1-20
Bridging the gap between decision-making and
emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
PhD Student, LABES, ICMC, University of São Paulo
Member of AGORA Research Group
horita@icmc.usp.br
http://www.agora.icmc.usp.br | http://www.flaviohorita.com
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2. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
2
2016-1-20
PhD candidate in Computer Science, ICMC/USP
 Research-stay, ERCIS, Münster University
MSc in Computer Science, UEL in 2013
Specialist in Software Engineering, UNIFIL in 2012
BSc in Information Systems, UNILINS in 2009
Research interests:
 Decision Support Systems
 Crowdsourcing and Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI)
 Disaster and Emergency Management
Flávio Horita

3. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
3
2016-1-20
Agenda
• Introduction
• Lines of work and results
Real-time Data Integration
The Structuring of Decision-making
• Future Directions
CEMADEN

4. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
4
2016-1-20
Agenda
• Introduction
• Lines of work and results
Real-time Data Integration
The Structuring of Decision-making
• Future Directions
CEMADEN

5. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
5
2016-1-20
Static Sensors
Mobile Sensors
Citizens as sensors
Dynamic
Sensor
Management
Crowd
Sensing
Social Media
Information
Fusion and
Management
Decision
Support
Citizen
Engagement
Information
Quality
Assurance
Citizens
AGORA
Acquisition Integration Application
Social
Information
Sharing
Collaborative
Mapping
Semantic
Enrichment &
Fusion
Collaborative
Maps
VGI
Environmental
Modelling
Scientists
Decision Makers

6. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
6
2016-1-20
Introduction
Motivation
• Humanitarian operations
in 2015 Nepal Earthquake
Floods in Brazil
São Carlos/SP
2014
Recife/PE
2015

7. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
7
2016-1-20
Introduction
Decision-makers
• Coordination Agencies in Local
Context
• Monitoring and Early warning
systems
• Decision-makers’ information
requirements
• Overall information
• Infrastructure
• Resources
• Affected people
• Details of information on
demand
• Quick and updated
• Coordination Agencies in
Global Context
• Humanitarian logistics
operations
• Decision-makers’ information
requirements
• Overall information
• Infrastructure
• Resources
• Affected people
• Details of information on
demand
• Quick and updated

8. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
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2016-1-20
Introduction
Hard sensors Exploratory teams
Data sources

9. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
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2016-1-20
Introduction
Source: Elwood (2008); Goodchild & Glennon (2010); Niko et al., (2011); DeLongueville et al. (2012); Horita et al.
(2013); Haworth & Bruce (2015)
Hard sensors Exploratory teams
Social Media Collaborative Platforms
Data sources & Volunteered geographic information
A lot of data about
disasters

10. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
10
2016-1-20
Introduction
Challenges
80% of data is unstructured and raw
Source: Vivacqua and Borges (2012); Vieweg et al. (2014).

11. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
11
2016-1-20
Introduction
Challenges
Big Data is about different data formats from
distinct data streams in different periodicity
Source: Bacelar et al. (2013); Dolif et al. (2013)

12. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
12
2016-1-20
Introduction
Challenges
The data is not integrated into the decision-making
Source: Crowley and Chan (2011); Tapia and Moore (2014); Vieweg et al. (2014); Horita et al. (2015)

13. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
13
2016-1-20
Agenda
• Introduction
• Lines of work and results
Real-time Data Integration
The Structuring of Decision-making
• Future Directions
CEMADEN

14. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
14
2016-1-20
• Characteristics
• Layer-based approach
• Interoperability standards
• Heterogeneous data sources
• GeoDashboard
• Application Case
• Wireless Sensor Network
• Crowdsourcing Platform
• Results
• Collaborative platforms complements data
provided by sensors
• The layer-based approach and use of
adapters
Real-time Data Integration
Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS)
Conceptual Model
SOS SOS

15. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
15
2016-1-20
Real-time Data Integration
Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS)
GeoDashboard
Wireless Sensor Network Citizen Observatory

16. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
16
2016-1-20
1. Collaborative platforms complements data provided by
sensors
a) Providing information from unmonitored areas and
thus extending the monitored area
2. The layer-based approach and use of adapters
a) The distinct formats of data is encapsulated by the
adapters
b) It makes flexible the inclusion of new elements
Real-time Data Integration
Results of the application case in Brazil
Horita, F. E. A. et al. Development of a spatial decision support system for flood risk management in Brazil that
combines volunteered geographic information with wireless sensor networks. Computers & Geosciences 80, pp.
84-94, 2015. DOI:10.1016/j.cageo.2015.04.001.

17. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
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2016-1-20
The Structuring of Decision-making
A lot data from the
affected areas (integrated
or not)
Decision-making process or
Reference Model

18. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
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2016-1-20
• Common and well-known models for modelling business
processes, decisions, observations and information
models
• Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN)
• Reference Task Model (RTM)
• Observation & Measurements (O&M)
• Decision Model and Notation (DMN)
• Infrastructure and Resource Category Systems
The Structuring of Decision-making
Source: (Blecken, 2010; OMG, 2013; OGC, 2013; OMG, 2014; Horita et al., 2014; Link and Hellingrath, 2014)

19. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
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2016-1-20
Elements Connecting DMN and O&M
The Structuring of Decision-making

20. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
20
2016-1-20
2015 Nepal Earthquake
The Structuring of Decision-making

21. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
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2016-1-20
1. Understand the relationship between tasks and
information
i. Determine the impact of new (or lack) information
on decisions and tasks
ii. Support targeted data collection (using mobile or
social media)
2. Support combination and data integration among
decision support systems
i. e.g. OpenStreetMap provides the road network while
Twitter reports the condition of the roads
The Structuring of Decision-making
Results of the application case in 2015 Nepal Earthquake
Horita, F. E. A. et al. oDMN: An Integrated Model to Connect Decision-Making Needs to Emerging Data Sources in
Disaster Management. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2016). Kauai, Hawaii, 2014.

22. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
22
2016-1-20
Agenda
• Introduction
• Lines of work and results
Real-time Data Integration
The Structuring of Decision-making
• Future Directions
CEMADEN

23. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
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2016-1-20
 The use of the developed
metamodel for:
 ...identifying information needed,
tasks, and decisions
 …structuring the Brazilian
decision-making process in
regarding the managing of
warnings
Future Directions
Application in CEMADEN

24. Bridging the gap between decision-making and emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
24
2016-1-20
Bridging the gap between decision-making and
emerging data sources in disaster management
Flávio E. A. Horita, MSc., CSM
PhD Student, LABES, ICMC, University of São Paulo
Member of AGORA Research Group
horita@icmc.usp.br
http://www.agora.icmc.usp.br | http://www.flaviohorita.com
Pró-alertas